1,355 research outputs found

    Knowledge, attitudes and preventive practices of primary health care professionals towards alcohol use: A national, cross-sectional study

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    Introduction Primary care (PC) professionals' knowledge about alcohol use has been identified as one of the barriers PC providers face in their clinic. Both PC professionals' level of training and attitude are crucial in the clinical practice regarding alcohol use. Objective To evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and preventive practices of Spanish PC physicians and nurses towards alcohol use. Design An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, multi-center study. Methodology Location: PC centers of the Spanish National Health System (NHS). Participants: PC physicians and nurses selected randomly from health care centers, and by sending an e-mail to semFYC and SEMERGEN members. Healthcare providers completed an online survey on knowledge, attitude, and follow-up recommendations for reducing alcohol intake. A descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate statistical analysis was conducted (p<0.05). Results Participants: 1, 760 healthcare providers completed the survey (75.6% [95% CI 73.5-77.6] family physicians; 11.4% [95% CI 9.9-12.9] medical residents; and 12.5% [95% CI 10.9-14.1] nurses), with a mean age of 44.7 (SD 11.24, range: 26-64, 95% CI: 47.2-48.2). Knowledge was higher in family physicians (p<0.001), older professionals (Spearman's r = 0.11, p<0.001), and resident trainers (p<0.001). The PC professional most likely to provide advice for reducing alcohol use was: a nurse (p<0.001), female (p = 0.010), between 46 and 55 years old (p <0.001). Conclusions PC providers' knowledge and preventive practices regarding alcohol use are scarce, hence specific training strategies to increase their knowledge and improve their attitude and skills with regard to this health problem should be considered a healthcare policy priority

    Search for resonances in the mass spectrum of muon pairs produced in association with b quark jets in proton-proton collisions at root 8 and 13 TeV

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    A search for resonances in the mass range 12-70 GeV produced in association with a b quark jet and a second jet, and decaying to a muon pair, is reported. The analysis is based on data from proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energies of 8 and 13 TeV, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponding to integrated luminosities of 19.7 and 35.9 fb(-1), respectively. The search is carried out in two mutually exclusive event categories. Events in the first category are required to have a b quark jet in the central region (|| 2.4) and at least one jet in the forward region (|| > 2.4). Events in the second category are required to have two jets in the central region, at least one of which is identified as a b quark jet, no jets in the forward region, and low missing transverse momentum. An excess of events above the background near a dimuon mass of 28 GeV is observed in the 8 TeV data, corresponding to local significances of 4.2 and 2.9 standard deviations for the first and second event categories, respectively. A similar analysis conducted with the 13 TeV data results in a mild excess over the background in the first event category corresponding to a local significance of 2.0 standard deviations, while the second category results in a 1.4 standard deviation deficit. The fiducial cross section measurements and 95% confidence level upper limits on those for a resonance consistent with the 8 TeV excess are provided at both collision energies

    Search for a light pseudoscalar Higgs boson produced in association with bottom quarks in pp collisions at root s=8 TeV

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    Search for Evidence of the Type-III Seesaw Mechanism in Multilepton Final States in Proton-Proton Collisions at root s=13 TeV

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    Measurement of vector boson scattering and constraints on anomalous quartic couplings from events with four leptons and two jets in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

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    Search for supersymmetry in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV using identified top quarks

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    A search for supersymmetry is presented based on proton-proton collision events containing identified hadronically decaying top quarks, no leptons, and an imbalance p(T)(miss) in transverse momentum. The data were collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1). Search regions are defined in terms of the multiplicity of bottom quark jet and top quark candidates, the p(T)(miss) , the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta, and themT2 mass variable. No statistically significant excess of events is observed relative to the expectation from the standard model. Lower limits on the masses of supersymmetric particles are determined at 95% confidence level in the context of simplified models with top quark production. For a model with direct top squark pair production followed by the decay of each top squark to a top quark and a neutralino, top squark masses up to 1020 GeVand neutralino masses up to 430 GeVare excluded. For amodel with pair production of gluinos followed by the decay of each gluino to a top quark-antiquark pair and a neutralino, gluino masses up to 2040 GeVand neutralino masses up to 1150 GeVare excluded. These limits extend previous results.Peer reviewe

    Pseudorapidity distributions of charged hadrons in proton-lead collisions at root s(NN)=5:02 and 8.16 TeV

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    The pseudorapidity distributions of charged hadrons in proton-lead collisions at nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energies root s(NN) = 5.02 and 8.16 TeV are presented. The measurements are based on data samples collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The number of primary charged hadrons produced in non-single-diffractive proton-lead collisions is determined in the pseudorapidity range vertical bar eta(lab)vertical bar vertical bar(vertical bar eta cm vertical bar) <0.5 are 17.1 +/- 0.01 (stat) +/- 0.59 (syst) and 20.10 +/- 0.01 (stat) +/- 0.5(syst) at root s(NN) = 5.02 and 8.16 TeV, respectively. The particle densities per participant nucleon are compared to similar measurements in proton-proton, proton-nucleus, and nucleus-nucleus collisions.Peer reviewe

    Studies of B-s2*(5840)(0) and B-s1(5830)(0) mesons including the observation of the B-s2*(5840)(0) -> (BKS0)-K-0 decay in proton- proton collisions at root s=8 TeV

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    Measurements of B-s2*(5840)(0) and B-s1(5830)(0) mesons are performed using a data sample of proton-proton collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.6 fb(-1), collected with the CMS detector at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. The analysis studies P-wave B-s(0) meson decays into B(*)(+)K(-)and B(*)K-0(S)0, where the B+ and B-0 mesons are identified using the decays B+ -> J/psi K+ and B-0 -> J/psi K* (892)(0). The masses of the P-wave B-s(0) meson states are measured and the natural width of the B-s2*(5840)(0) state is determined. The first measurement of the mass difference between the charged and neutral B* mesons is also presented. The B-s2*(5840)(0) decay to (BKS0)-K-0 is observed, together with a measurement of its branching fraction relative to the B-s2*(5840)(0) -> B+K- decay.Peer reviewe

    Measurement of tt̄ normalised multi-differential cross sections in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV, and simultaneous determination of the strong coupling strength, top quark pole mass, and parton distribution functions

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    Normalised multi-differential cross sections for top quark pair (tt̄) production are measured in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV using events containing two oppositely charged leptons. The analysed data were recorded with the CMS detector in 2016 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9fb⁻¹. The double-differential tt̄ cross section is measured as a function of the kinematic properties of the top quark and of the tt̄ system at parton level in the full phase space. A triple-differential measurement is performed as a function of the invariant mass and rapidity of the tt̄ system and the multiplicity of additional jets at particle level. The data are compared to predictions of Monte Carlo event generators that complement next-to-leading-order (NLO) quantum chromodynamics (QCD) calculations with parton showers. Together with a fixed-order NLO QCD calculation, the triple-differential measurement is used to extract values of the strong coupling strength αS and the top quark pole mass (m_(pole_t) using several sets of parton distribution functions (PDFs). The measurement of m_(pole)_t exploits the sensitivity of the tt̄ invariant mass distribution to m_(pole)_t near the production threshold. Furthermore, a simultaneous fit of the PDFs, α_S, and m_(pole)_t is performed at NLO, demonstrating that the new data have significant impact on the gluon PDF, and at the same time allow an accurate determination of α_S and m_(pole)_t. The values α_S(m_Z) = 0.1135+0.0021−0.0017 and m_(pole)_t = 170.5±0.8GeV are extracted, which account for experimental and theoretical uncertainties, the latter being estimated from NLO scale variations. Possible effects from Coulomb and soft-gluon resummation near the tt̄ production threshold are neglected in these parameter extractions. A rough estimate of these effects indicates an expected correction of m_(pole)_t of the order of +1 GeV, which can be regarded as additional theoretical uncertainty in the current m_(pole)_t extraction

    Measurement of B-s(0) meson production in pp and PbPb collisions at root S-NN=5.02 TeV

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    The production cross sections of B-s(0) mesons and charge conjugates are measured in proton-proton (pp) and PbPb collisions via the exclusive decay channel B-s(0)-> J/ psi phi ->mu(+) mu(-) K+K- at a center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV per nucleon pair and within the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar <2.4 using the CMS detector at the LHC. The pp measurement is performed as a function of transverse momentum (P-T) of the B-s(0), mesons in the range of 7 to 50 GeV/c and is compared to the predictions of perturbative QCD calculations. The B s production yield in PbPb collisions is measured in two F t intervals, 7 to 15 and 15 to 50 GeV/c, and compared to the yield in pp collisions in the same kinematic region. The nuclear modification factor (R-AA) is found to be 1.5 +/- 0.6(stat) +/- 0.5(syst) for 7-15 GeV/c, and 0.87 +/- 0.30(stat) +/- 0.1 7(syst) for 15-50 GeV/c, respectively. Within current uncertainties, the B-s(0) results are consistent with models of strangeness enhancement, and suppression by parton energy loss, as observed for the B+ mesons. Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe
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