PS-BBICS: Pulse stretching bulk built-in current sensor for on-chip measurement of single event transients

The bulk built-in current sensor (BBICS) is a cost-effective solution for detection of energetic particle strikes in integrated circuits. With an appropriate number of BBICSs distributed across the chip, the soft error locations can be identified, and the dynamic fault-tolerant mechanisms can be activated locally to correct the soft errors in the affected logic. In this work, we introduce a pulse stretching BBICS (PS-BBICS) constructed by connecting a standard BBICS and a custom-designed pulse stretching cell. The aim of PS-BBICS is to enable the on-chip measurement of the single event transient (SET) pulse width, allowing to detect the linear energy transfer (LET) of incident particles, and thus assess more accurately the radiation conditions. Based on Spectre simulations, we have shown that for the LET from 1 to 100 MeV cm2 mg−1, the SET pulse width detected by PS-BBICS varies by 620–800 ps. The threshold LET of PS-BBICS increases linearly with the number of monitored inverters, and it is around 1.7 MeV cm2 mg−1 for ten monitored inverters. On the other hand, the SET pulse width is independent of the number of monitored inverters for LET > 4 MeV cm2 mg−1. It was shown that supply voltage, temperature and process variations have strong impact on the response of PS-BBICS

SPATIAL SPICE MODEL OF A WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK NODE BASED ON A THERMOELECTRIC GENERATOR

This paper presents a spatial SPICE model of a wireless sensor network node that enables simulation of performances in the steady-state and time-domain. The model includes constructive non-electrical parts of the node and a thermoelectric generator employing the thermoelectric effects. The simulation results are compared with the experiment to validate the proposed model. It enabled the characterization of WSN nodes comprising different thermoelectric generators and heatsinks in terms of energy conversion efficiency

Analysis of Single Event Transient Effects in Standard Delay Cells Based on Decoupling Capacitors

Single Event Transients (SETs), i.e., voltage glitches induced in combinational logic as a result of the passage of energetic particles, represent an increasingly critical reliability threat for modern complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuits (ICs) employed in space missions. In rad-hard ICs implemented with standard digital cells, special design techniques should be applied to reduce the Soft Error Rate (SER) due to SETs. To this end, it is essential to consider the SET robustness of individual standard cells. Among the wide range of logic cells available in standard cell libraries, the standard delay cells (SDCs) implemented with the skew-sized inverters are exceptionally vulnerable to SETs. Namely, the SET pulses induced in these cells may be hundreds of picoseconds longer than those in other standard cells. In this work, an alternative design of a SDC based on two inverters and two decoupling capacitors is introduced. Electrical simulations have shown that the propagation delay and SET robustness of the proposed delay cell are strongly influenced by the transistor sizes and supply voltage, while the impact of temperature is moderate. The proposed design is more tolerant to SETs than the SDCs with skew-sized inverters, and occupies less area compared to the hardening configurations based on partial and complete duplication. Due to the low transistor count (only six transistors), the proposed delay cell could also be used as a SET filter

Ispitivanje sadržaja nitrita, nitrata i amonijaka u vodi za piće

In this paper is shown, an investigation of the quality of drinking water in rural areas without central water supply around Požarevac city, based on the content of nitrite, nitrate and ammonia. The most common cause for unsafe drinking water are the increased values of nitrates (the highest concentration of 1138.9 mg/dm3) and nitrite (the highest concentration of 0.40 mg/dm3). In all analyzed samples of drinking water in rural areas ammonia concentration is in acceptable limits.U ovom radu izvršeno je ispitivanje kvaliteta vode za piće u seoskim naseljima na teritoriji grada grada Požarevca koja nemaju centralno vodosnabdevanje, na osnovu sadržaja nitrita, nitrata i amonijaka. Najčešći uzrok neispravnosti vode za piće su povišene vrednosti nitrata (najviša koncentracija od 1138,9 mg/dm3) i nitrita (najviša koncentracija od 0,40 mg/dm3). U svim analiziranim uzorcima vode za piće u seoskim naseljima koncentracija amonijaka je u dozvoljenim granicama

Moljac krompira kao štetočina – od prisutne do visoko ekonomski značajne vrste u Srbiji

Potato tuber moth, Phthorimea operculela Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelichiidae) becoming economically very important pest of potato in open field condition in West region of Serbia. Surveillance and monitoring are organized by Serbian Forecast and Report Services (Prognozno Izveštajna Služba Srbije - PISS) from 2013 by phero-traps. At the territory of Extension Services Čačak monitoring represent a part of obligatory measures under PISS coordination. In this area pest is present from 2013. High population is registered during 2015. The imposes need to continue pest monitoring and documenting the damage from the both (field and storage).Moljac krompira (MK), Phthorimea operculela Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelichiidae) postaje ekonomski sve značajnija štetočina u regionu Zapadne Srbije. Monitoring vrste sprovodi se feromonskim klopkama od 2013. godine u okviru redovnih mera praćenja koje koordinira Prognozno Izveštajna Služba Srbije. Na teritoriji PSS Čačak, štetočina je prisutna od 2013.godine, a u vegetaciji 2015. godine registrovana je visoka brojnost. Nameće se neophodnim nastavak moniotoringa i dokumentovanje šteta na terenu

DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF La/Mn CODOPED BARIUM TITANATE CERAMICS

La/Mn codoped BaTiO3 ceramics with different La2O3 content, ranging from 0.3 to 1.0 at% La, together with undoped BaTiO3,were investigated regarding their microstructure and dielectric properties. The content of MnO2 kept constant at 0.01 at% Mn in all investigated samples. La/Mn codoped and undoped BaTiO3 were obtained by a modified Pechini method and sintered in air at 13000C for two hours.The homogeneous and completely fine-grained microstructure with average grain size from 0.3 to 1mm was observed in samples doped with 0.3 at% La. In high doped samples, apart from the fine grained matrix, the appearance of local area with secondary abnormal grains was observed.The dielectric permittivity and dissipation factor were investigated as a function of frequency and temperature. Dielectric permittivity of doped BaTiO3 was in the range of 3945 to 12846 and decreases with increase of additive content. The highest value of dielectric constant at room temperature (er= 12846) and the greatest change at Curie temperature (er= 17738) were measured in 0.3at% La doped samples. Dissipation factor was range from 0.07 to 0.62 for all investigated samples. The Curie constant (C) and Curie-Weiss temperature (T0) together with critical exponent of nonlinearity (g) were calculated using a Curie-Weiss and modified Curie-Weiss law. The Curie constant increase with increasing dopant content and the highest values were measured in 1.0 La doped samples.  The obtained values of g is in the range from 1.04 to 1.53 and pointed out the sharp phase transformation from ferroelectric to paraelectric phase at Curie temperature

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements