46 research outputs found
Spin-orbit coupling in bulk GaAs
We study the spin-orbit coupling in the whole Brillouin zone for GaAs using
both the and nearest-neighbor tight-binding
models. In the -valley, the spin splitting obtained is in good
agreement with experimental data. We then further explicitly present the
coefficients of the spin splitting in GaAs and valleys. These results
are important to the realization of spintronic device and the investigation of
spin dynamics far away from equilibrium.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, Physica E, in pres
Nutritional status indicators in Polonoroeste Area: III - clinical nutritional study
This work is part of the clinical nutritional evaluation of the "Health Diagnostic in the Polonoroeste Survey, 1983". With the objective of evaluating the nutritional status of the population in the area of Polonoroeste a Nutritional Inquiry was done in 7 cities of the State of Mato Grosso. The inquiry included a study of alimentary habits, anthropometric studies and a clinical evaluation of the nutritional status of children between 3 and 72 months of age. We examined 585 children selected as proposed by the SANCHES & CARVALHEIRO sampling method modified by MEIRELLES and SANCHES and the clinical-nutritional evaluation was made according to JELLIEFE. Clinical evidence of proteic-energetic malnutrition was registered in 6.6% of the children, anemia in 9.7% and goiter in 2.7%. There was correlation of the anemia with intestinal parasitoses observed in the same sample by another team of the same project.O estudo do exame clĂnico-nutricional Ă© parte do InquĂ©rito Nutricional, realizado no "DiagnĂłstico em SaĂșde do Polonoroeste-MT em 1983". No intuito de reconhecer a situação nutricional da população da regiĂŁo em estudo, o grupo do InquĂ©rito Nutricional procedeu ao estudo do Consumo Alimentar das famĂlias, ao estudo dos dados antropomĂ©tricos e de sinais clĂnico-nutricionais de crianças na faixa etĂĄria de 3 a 72 meses. Foram examinadas 585 crianças da amostra como proposta por SANCHES & CARVALHEIRO7 adaptado por MEIRELLES e SANCHES. O exame clĂnico-nutricional foi realizado segundo a metodologia recomendada por JELLIFFE4. Foram encontrados sinais clĂnicos sugestivos de carĂȘncia nutricional em 6,6% das crianças; sinais de anemia em 9,7% e de bĂłcio em 2,7%. NĂŁo foi possĂvel definir com precisĂŁo outros quadros carenciais
Viability of competing field theories for the driven lattice gas
It has recently been suggested that the driven lattice gas should be
described by a novel field theory in the limit of infinite drive. We review the
original and the new field theory, invoking several well-documented key
features of the microscopics. Since the new field theory fails to reproduce
these characteristics, we argue that it cannot serve as a viable description of
the driven lattice gas. Recent results, for the critical exponents associated
with this theory, are re-analyzed and shown to be incorrect.Comment: 4 pages, revtex, no figure
Actitudes y percepciones de los docentes universitarios en el proceso de adopción de una innovación. La iniciativa OpenCourseWare en la Universidad de Valencia (España)
El proyecto OpenCourseWare, repositorio de recursos educativos en abierto, se iniciĂł en la Universidad de Valencia en 2008 y en 2009, sĂłlo incluĂa 10 asignaturas, ninguna de ellas del ĂĄrea de ciencias de la salud. El objetivo de este trabajo es investigar las actitudes de los docentes de esta ĂĄrea asĂ como sus percepciones con relaciĂłn a este repositorio para determinar cuĂĄles son las estrategias necesarias para extender su uso. Se parte de la teorĂa de la difusiĂłn de las innovaciones de Rogers (2003) y de un enfoque cualitativo a travĂ©s del muestreo teĂłrico, entrevistas semiestructuradas y codificaciĂłn abierta. Los resultados indican la existencia de dos grandes grupos de profesores. Los adoptantes tempranos con una predisposiciĂłn alta a participar en la iniciativa y con una percepciĂłn positiva de sus atributos y los mainstream o corriente principal mĂĄs reacios a participar y con una percepciĂłn negativa respecto a alguno de sus atributos. La identificaciĂłn de las caracterĂsticas de estos dos grandes grupos marca las lĂneas de acciĂłn y de investigaciĂłn futura en el ĂĄmbito del marketing y difusiĂłn, formaciĂłn, sensibilizaciĂłn y motivaciĂłn para extender el uso del OCW. The OpenCourseWare project, an open learning resource repository, was set up at the University of Valencia between 2008 and 2009. It initially consisted of only 10 subjects, none of which was in the field of health sciences. The objective of this research is to investigate the attitudes and perceptions of teaching staff in the field of health sciences with regard to the project in order to identify strategies to increase its use and expand its coverage. The diffusion of innovations theory as propounded by Rogers is used, along with a qualitative approach using theoretical sampling, semi-structured interviews and open coding. The results indicate the existence of two categories of teaching staff. Firstly, those who adopt an innovation early, have a marked inclination to participate in the initiative and a positive perception of the characteristics of the innovation. Secondly, a larger category of those more reluctant to participate in it and with a negative perception of one or more of its characteristics. Identifying the nature of these two groups provides guidelines for future action and research in the marketing and distribution of such projects, and the training, awareness and motivation required in order to extend the use of OCW
A multi-stakeholder multicriteria decision analysis for the reimbursement of orphan drugs (FinMHU-MCDA study)
Background: Patient access to orphan medicinal products (OMPs) is limited and varies between countries, reimbursement decisions on OMPs are complex, and there is a need for more transparent processes to know which criteria should be considered to inform these decisions. This study aimed to determine the most relevant criteria for the reimbursement of OMPs in Spain, from a multi-stakeholder perspective, and using multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA). Methods: An MCDA was developed in 3 phases and included 28 stakeholders closely related to the field of rare diseases (6 physicians, 5 hospital pharmacists, 7 health economists, 4 patient representatives and 6 members from national and regional health authorities). Initially [phase A], a bibliographic review was conducted to identify the potential reimbursement criteria. Then, a reduced advisory board (8 members) proposed, selected, and defined the final list of criteria that could be relevant for reimbursement. A discrete choice experiment (DCE) [phase B] was developed to determine the relevance and relative importance weight of such criteria according to the stakeholdersâ preferences by choosing between pairs of hypothetical financing scenarios. A multinomial logit model was fitted to analyze the DCE responses. Finally [phase C], the advisory board review the results using a deliberative process. Results: Thirteen criteria were selected, related to 4 dimensions: patient population, disease, treatment, and economic evaluation. Nine criteria were deemed relevant for decision-making and associated with a higher relative importance: Health-related quality of life (HRQL) (23.53%), treatment efficacy (14.64%), availability of treatment alternatives (13.51%), disease severity (12.62%), avoided costs (11.21%), age of target population (7.75%), safety (seriousness of adverse events) (4.72%), quality of evidence (3.82%) and size of target population (3.12%). The remaining criteria had a < 3% relative importance: economic burden of disease (2.50%), cost of treatment (1.73%), cost-effectiveness (0.83%) and safety (frequency of adverse events) (0.03%). Conclusion: The reimbursement of OMPs in Spain should be determined by its effect on patientâs HRQL, the extent of its therapeutic benefit from efficacy and the availability of other therapeutic options. Furthermore, the severity of the rare disease should also influence the decision along with the potential of the treatment to avoid associated costs
Spin dynamics in semiconductors
This article reviews the current status of spin dynamics in semiconductors
which has achieved a lot of progress in the past years due to the fast growing
field of semiconductor spintronics. The primary focus is the theoretical and
experimental developments of spin relaxation and dephasing in both spin
precession in time domain and spin diffusion and transport in spacial domain. A
fully microscopic many-body investigation on spin dynamics based on the kinetic
spin Bloch equation approach is reviewed comprehensively.Comment: a review article with 193 pages and 1103 references. To be published
in Physics Reports
Fungal diversity notes 253â366: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa
Notes on 113 fungal taxa are compiled in this paper, including 11 new genera, 89 new species, one new subspecies, three new combinations and seven reference specimens. A wide geographic and taxonomic range of fungal taxa are detailed. In the Ascomycota the new genera Angustospora (Testudinaceae), Camporesia (Xylariaceae), Clematidis, Crassiparies (Pleosporales genera incertae sedis), Farasanispora, Longiostiolum (Pleosporales genera incertae sedis), Multilocularia (Parabambusicolaceae), Neophaeocryptopus (Dothideaceae), Parameliola (Pleosporales genera incertae sedis), and Towyspora (Lentitheciaceae) are introduced. Newly introduced species are Angustospora nilensis, Aniptodera aquibella, Annulohypoxylon albidiscum, Astrocystis thailandica, Camporesia sambuci, Clematidis italica, Colletotrichum menispermi, C. quinquefoliae, Comoclathris pimpinellae, Crassiparies quadrisporus, Cytospora salicicola, Diatrype thailandica, Dothiorella rhamni, Durotheca macrostroma, Farasanispora avicenniae, Halorosellinia rhizophorae, Humicola koreana, Hypoxylon lilloi, Kirschsteiniothelia tectonae, Lindgomyces okinawaensis, Longiostiolum tectonae, Lophiostoma pseudoarmatisporum, Moelleriella phukhiaoensis, M. pongdueatensis, Mucoharknessia anthoxanthi, Multilocularia bambusae, Multiseptospora thysanolaenae, Neophaeocryptopus cytisi, Ocellularia arachchigei, O. ratnapurensis, Ochronectria thailandica, Ophiocordyceps karstii, Parameliola acaciae, P. dimocarpi, Parastagonospora cumpignensis, Pseudodidymosphaeria phlei, Polyplosphaeria thailandica, Pseudolachnella brevifusiformis, Psiloglonium macrosporum, Rhabdodiscus albodenticulatus, Rosellinia chiangmaiensis, Saccothecium rubi, Seimatosporium pseudocornii, S. pseudorosae, Sigarispora ononidis and Towyspora aestuari. New combinations are provided for Eutiarosporella dactylidis (sexual morph described and illustrated) and Pseudocamarosporium pini. Descriptions, illustrations and / or reference specimens are designated for Aposphaeria corallinolutea, Cryptovalsa ampelina, Dothiorella vidmadera, Ophiocordyceps formosana, Petrakia echinata, Phragmoporthe conformis and Pseudocamarosporium pini. The new species of Basidiomycota are Agaricus coccyginus, A. luteofibrillosus, Amanita atrobrunnea, A. digitosa, A. gleocystidiosa, A. pyriformis, A. strobilipes, Bondarzewia tibetica, Cortinarius albosericeus, C. badioflavidus, C. dentigratus, C. duboisensis, C. fragrantissimus, C. roseobasilis, C. vinaceobrunneus, C. vinaceogrisescens, C. wahkiacus, Cyanoboletus hymenoglutinosus, Fomitiporia atlantica, F. subtilissima, Ganoderma wuzhishanensis, Inonotus shoreicola, Lactifluus armeniacus, L. ramipilosus, Leccinum indoaurantiacum, Musumecia alpina, M. sardoa, Russula amethystina subp. tengii and R. wangii are introduced. Descriptions, illustrations, notes and / or reference specimens are designated for Clarkeinda trachodes, Dentocorticium ussuricum, Galzinia longibasidia, Lentinus stuppeus and Leptocorticium tenellum. The other new genera, species new combinations are Anaeromyces robustus, Neocallimastix californiae and Piromyces finnis from Neocallimastigomycota, Phytophthora estuarina, P. rhizophorae, Salispina, S. intermedia, S. lobata and S. spinosa from Oomycota, and Absidia stercoraria, Gongronella orasabula, Mortierella calciphila, Mucor caatinguensis, M. koreanus, M. merdicola and Rhizopus koreanus in Zygomycota