The rumen microbial metaproteome as revealed by SDS-PAGE

This work was supported by the RuminOmics project and funded by the European Commission (Grant Agreement No. 289319). The Rowett Institute is funded by the Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division (RESAS) of the Scottish Government. The funding bodies had no role in the design of the study or collection, analysis, or interpretation of data or in writing the manuscript.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Description of a New Species of Slave-making Ant in the \u3ci\u3eFormica Sanguinea\u3c/i\u3e Group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

The new species, Formica gynocrates, is described and illustrated from all the castes. This slave-making species is a member of the sanguinea group and is most similar to F. pergandei. The type locality is the E. S. George Reserve, Livingston County, Michigan. Specimens were also examined from North Dakota, Wyoming, and Colorado. A key is provided for the separation of the described North American members of the sanguinea group. The most commonly associated slave species is F. vinculans Wheeler, a member of the neogagates group. It is our opinion that F. vinculans is a valid species and not a synonym of F. neogagates, as has been previously supposed

Who Can Blame Who for What and How in Responsibility for Health?

This paper starts by introducing a tripartite conception of responsibility for health consisting of a moral agent having moral responsibilities and being held responsible, that is blamed, for failing to meet them and proceeds to a brief discussion of the nature of blame, noting difficulties in agency and obligation when the concept is applied to health threatening behaviours. Insights about the obligations that we hold people to and the extent of their moral agency are revealed by interrogating our blaming behaviour, and to facilitate this my own blaming attitudes and actions are analysed in respect of an imagined adult son who seeks thrills by jumping from a pier into the sea, an activity common around coastlines and intended to be analogous in varying degrees to a range of health-threatening behaviours. I consider my responses to this imagined act in relation to some features of moralism, the excess of morality, concluding that blame can be justified when it is proportionate and within interpersonal relationships. There is evidence that some nurses hold negative blaming attitudes towards groups of patients considered to have caused or contributed to their illness, but this is not justified, not only because of impaired agency, but because if there is responsibility for health, associated obligations are owed to those who share our lives, and it is those people who are entitled to hold individuals responsible. Nurses who hold negative blaming attitudes towards groups of patients are invited to identify the status of moral agency, the precise natures of their (failed) obligations and of the patient / nurse relationship. It is concluded that reflection on these matters, and the difference between justified blame and moralism demonstrates that blaming behaviour in the context of professional health care is built on nothing stronger than prejudice

Effects of Coulomb interactions on the splitting of luminescence lines

We study the splitting between the right-hand and left-hand circularly polarized luminescence lines in a quantum dot under relatively weak confinement regime and resonant high-power excitation. When the dot is populated with an even number of electron-hole pairs (biexciton and higher excitations), the splitting measures basically the Zeeman energy. However, in the odd number of pairs case, we have, in addition to the Zeeman and Overhauser shifts, a contribution to the splitting coming from Coulomb interactions. This contribution is of the order of a few meV, and shows distinct signatures of shell-filling in the quantum dot.Comment: Submitted for publicatio

The Interpreter’s General Knowledge

The present work contains a select biography of recommended short readings for interpreters training to work from English. The material selected includes institutional, literary and historic texts,many of whose contents have become an integral part of national and international language heritage

If local authorities are to succeed in increasing voter registration amongst young people, they must make use of direct recruitment

We are seeing increasing attention given to the issue of young people’s electoral participation. Electoral registration, the first step in the voting process, is one area in which activities to encourage a more electorally active youth might be targeted. Using data and feedback from a Cabinet Office evaluation of local authority activities aimed at maximising registration, Charlotte Snelling, explores how the lessons learnt might be applied to young people. She argues that while it is important to continue developing innovative methods of engagement, direct recruitment remains a significant factor in determining whether an individual becomes active or not

Probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment: quantifying uncertainty in landslide generated waves

Landslide generated waves (LGWs) have many associated uncertainties that need to be ac- counted for during a hazard analysis. The work presented in this thesis developed and applied numerical modelling techniques to investigate and quantify these sources of uncertainty. Firstly, to model the LGW source as a deformable slide, a smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulator was improved and adapted. The simulator was tested using lab scale bench- marks and an idealised full scale LGW scenario. The effects of landslide source parameters on the wave at increasing scales were then investigated. In order to make use of the findings regarding complex LGW source models, a probabilistic sensitivity analysis on the full range of source parameters and their effect on the generated wave was performed using the SPH simulator. This showed that the geometric landslide parameters (such as volume and submergence depth) contributed more to uncertainty in the resulting wave characteristics near the source than the rheological parameters. By coupling different wave propagation models to the results from the near-field SPH simulator, it was revealed that the choice of mathematical formulation for propagation made a significant difference to which parameters affected the inundation level the most. These findings have important implications for the design of future LGW modelling studies and which parts of the model workflow should have more computational cost dedicated to them. Near the source the landslide geometry outweighs the complexity of the rheological model in terms of influence on the wave characteristics. During propagation the mathematical formulation chosen can have a large influence on results, so dedicating extra computational cost to this phase would be worthwhile.Open Acces

The metaethics of psychotherapy codes of ethics and conduct

Codes of ethics and conduct are important documents in health care practice, and must be evaluated alongside an understanding of the role of the organisations which write and publish them. In the UK, established professions like medicine and nursing are subject to statutory regulation and codes which delineate ethical best practice from minimum conduct. However the regulation of psychotherapists in the UK has been the subject of changes in government policy during the last decade, resulting in a fragmented regulatory environment where a number of organisations function both as regular and professional body. There are about 40 codes of ethic and/or conduct in the UK relating to the various professions of psychotherapy. The chapter details the regulatory framework in the UK, and the places of codes within it. The codes’ regulatory role in establishing minimum practice is difficult to assess because so few cases of malpractice are brought, and their role in guiding practice is questioned by using disclosure of confidential information as an example. Psychotherapists are invited to assess whether the codes and associated guidance they operate under are sufficiently detailed to guide practice