Impactos da COVID-19 no controle higiênico-sanitário no setor alimentício / Impacts of COVID-19 on the hygienic-sanitary control in the food sector

A presente revisão teve por objetivo uma abordagem sistemática acerca das implicações no setor alimentício em decorrência da COVID-19; para tal, foi realizada uma busca sistemática na literatura especializada. Foram abordados um breve histórico acerca dos diferentes HCoVs, impactos na higiene, qualidade na produção e distribuição de alimentos, assim como mudanças no panorama de controle higiênico-sanitário em decorrência da pandemia. O trabalho conta, ainda, com recomendações para o controle de processos, produtos e serviços, assim como recomendações das entidades competentes acerca do uso de sanitizantes na inativação de agentes patogênicos como o SARS-CoV-2, com destaque para os mecanismos de ação dos agentes antimicrobianos mais utilizados

Tratamentos para Covid-19: um estudo de prospecção

Covid-19 practically stopped the world for two years, bringing several disorders to the world population. During this period, numerous researches were carried out with the aim of finding an effective treatment for this disease that has killed millions of people and that continues to persist today. That said, this paper aims to carry out a search for patents and articles related to the treatment of Covid-19. Patents were searched on Espacenet and INPI and scientific articles on the database: Sciencedirect, Web of Science and Scielo. The search was carried out between the years 2017 and 2021 through the use of different descriptors. The results found demonstrate that the number of patents deposited is very small when compared to published articles and how much Brazil still needs to develop in order to be recognized as a country that seeks solutions for the treatment of Covid-19.A pandemia da Covid-19 praticamente parou o mundo durante dois anos, trazendo diversos transtornos à população mundial. Durante esse período, foram realizadas inúmeras pesquisas com o objetivo de encontrar um tratamento eficaz para essa doença que já matou milhões de pessoas e que continua a persistir na atualidade. Diante do exposto, este trabalho tem o objetivo de realizar uma busca de patentes e de artigos relacionados ao tratamento da Covid-19. As patentes foram pesquisadas na base Espacenet e no INPI e os artigos científicos na base de dados: Sciencedirect, Web of Science e a Scielo. A busca foi compreendida entre os anos de 2017 e 2021 por meio da utilização de diferentes descritores. Os resultados encontrados por este trabalho demonstram que o número de patentes depositadas é muito pequeno quando comparado aos artigos publicados e a quanto o Brasil ainda precisa se desenvolver para que seja reconhecido como um país que busca soluções para o tratamento da Covid-19.

Phytochemical analysis of Turnera Diffusa Willd

Turnera diffusa WILLD is a plant used in folk medicine as a natural stimulant, and the objective of this research is to perform the phytochemical analysis of the secondary metabolites of the damiana of occurrence in the Juazeiro region, northern Bahia - Brazil. A phytochemical screening was performed from three Crude Ethanol Extracts (BSE), EEB1: leaves and flowers; EEB2: stems and EEB3: root. A thin analytical layer chromatography was performed using specific developers to detect each chemical class. Alkaloids, coumarins, anthranic derivatives, phenolic compounds, mono, sequi and diterpenes, naphthoquinones, triterpenes and steroids, saponins, hydrolyzed tannins and xanthines were identified in the three extracts. Only in the BSE of leaves and flowers observed the presence of antroquinones and aglycones. The secondary metabolites identified in the study evidence the pharmacological potential of Turnera diffusa. Phytochemical screening concluded the presence of fourteen classes of secondary metabolites in damiana, indicating important medicinal potential with pharmacological effects reported in the literature

GERAÇÃO SCREENAGERS E UM NOVO MODELO DE “E-EDUCAÇÃO”

This article explores the Screenagers generation, digital native learners raised in a connected world, and their relationship to education. Challenges arise from the contrast between their digital skills and traditional teaching methods, making the integration of technology into the educational environment crucial. Through research and bibliographical studies, it was observed that Screenagers are immersed in electronic devices and have instant access to information, which affects their expectations in relation to learning. Teachers and schools must adapt their pedagogical practices to engage this generation in a dynamic and relevant educational environment. The training of educators is essential to use technology as a central teaching tool and guide students on its ethical and responsible use. The integration of technology in education offers opportunities, allowing for more inclusive and personalized teaching. Collaboration between educators, managers, parents and the community is essential to adapt educational strategies to the needs of this generation, preparing Screenagers to be critical and creative citizens in a digital and globalized world. In conclusion, the Screenagers generation demands an up-to-date and innovative educational approach. By facing the challenges and exploring the possibilities offered by technology, education can prepare Screenagers for a future full of technological opportunities and challenges.Este artículo explora la generación Screenager, aprendices nativos digitales criados en un mundo conectado, y su relación con la educación. Los desafíos surgen del contraste entre sus habilidades digitales y los métodos de enseñanza tradicionales, lo que hace que la integración de la tecnología en el entorno educativo sea crucial. A través de investigaciones y estudios bibliográficos, se observó que los Screenager están inmersos en dispositivos electrónicos y tienen acceso instantáneo a la información, lo que afecta sus expectativas en relación al aprendizaje. Los maestros y las escuelas deben adaptar sus prácticas pedagógicas para involucrar a esta generación en un entorno educativo dinámico y relevante. La formación de los educadores es fundamental para utilizar la tecnología como herramienta central de enseñanza y orientar a los estudiantes en su uso ético y responsable. La integración de la tecnología en la educación ofrece oportunidades, permitiendo una enseñanza más inclusiva y personalizada. La colaboración entre educadores, directivos, padres y comunidad es fundamental para adaptar las estrategias educativas a las necesidades de esta generación, preparando Screenagers para ser ciudadanos críticos y creativos en un mundo digital y globalizado. En conclusión, la generación Screenagers demanda un enfoque educativo actualizado e innovador. Al enfrentar los desafíos y explorar las posibilidades que ofrece la tecnología, la educación puede preparar a los Screenagers para un futuro lleno de oportunidades y desafíos tecnológicos.Este artigo explora a geração Screenagers, alunos nativos digitais criados em um mundo conectado, e sua relação com a educação. Os desafios surgem do contraste entre suas habilidades digitais e os métodos tradicionais de ensino, tornando crucial a integração da tecnologia no ambiente educacional. Através de pesquisas e estudos bibliográficos foi observado que os Screenagers estão imersos em dispositivos eletrônicos e têm acesso instantâneo à informação, o que afeta suas expectativas em relação ao aprendizado. Professores e escolas devem adaptar suas práticas pedagógicas para engajar essa geração em um ambiente educacional dinâmico e relevante. A capacitação dos educadores é fundamental para utilizar a tecnologia como ferramenta central de ensino e orientar os alunos sobre seu uso ético e responsável. A integração da tecnologia na educação oferece oportunidades, permitindo um ensino mais inclusivo e personalizado. A colaboração entre educadores, gestores, pais e a comunidade é essencial para adaptar as estratégias educacionais às necessidades dessa geração, preparando os Screenagers para serem cidadãos críticos e criativos em um mundo digital e globalizado. Em conclusão, a geração Screenagers demanda uma abordagem educacional atualizada e inovadora. Ao enfrentar os desafios e explorar as possibilidades oferecidas pela tecnologia, a educação pode preparar os Screenagers  para um futuro repleto de oportunidades e desafios tecnológicos.Este artigo explora a geração Screenagers, alunos nativos digitais criados em um mundo conectado, e sua relação com a educação. Os desafios surgem do contraste entre suas habilidades digitais e os métodos tradicionais de ensino, tornando crucial a integração da tecnologia no ambiente educacional. Através de pesquisas e estudos bibliográficos foi observado que os Screenagers estão imersos em dispositivos eletrônicos e têm acesso instantâneo à informação, o que afeta suas expectativas em relação ao aprendizado. Professores e escolas devem adaptar suas práticas pedagógicas para engajar essa geração em um ambiente educacional dinâmico e relevante. A capacitação dos educadores é fundamental para utilizar a tecnologia como ferramenta central de ensino e orientar os alunos sobre seu uso ético e responsável. A integração da tecnologia na educação oferece oportunidades, permitindo um ensino mais inclusivo e personalizado. A colaboração entre educadores, gestores, pais e a comunidade é essencial para adaptar as estratégias educacionais às necessidades dessa geração, preparando os Screenagers para serem cidadãos críticos e criativos em um mundo digital e globalizado. Em conclusão, a geração Screenagers demanda uma abordagem educacional atualizada e inovadora. Ao enfrentar os desafios e explorar as possibilidades oferecidas pela tecnologia, a educação pode preparar os Screenagers  para um futuro repleto de oportunidades e desafios tecnológicos

Conexão de Saberes: a experiência interdisciplinar do Programa de Educação Tutorial Comunidades do Campo da UFPR

A partir das conexões de saberes instituídas como um novo eixo dentro dos Programas de Educação Tutorial, surge o grupo PET Comunidades do Campo em 2010, na expansão da Universidade Federal do Paraná, criada em 2005 no litoral do estado. As atividades do grupo se dão em torno de temas relacionados ao modo de vida do campo, agroecologia, agricultura familiar, território e desenvolvimento rural, onde a característica predominante é a interdisciplinaridade, tendo em vista que faz parte de uma política pública que tem por objetivo agregar diversos conhecimentos e saberes ao tema. O PET Comunidades do Campo da UFPR é composto por 14 integrantes. Os estudantes são distribuídos entre os cursos de Tecnologia em Agroecologia, Gestão Ambiental, Gestão e Empreendedorismo, Gestão Pública, Saúde Coletiva e Licenciatura em Educação Física. Aqui traçamos um panorama das representações que estes estudantes têm sobre interdisciplinaridade a partir de algumas questões abertas a eles direcionadas. O resultado evidencia, que o conhecimento interdisciplinar faz parte de suas reflexões e práticas tanto na vida acadêmica quanto em suas relações cotidianas. Destacamos também que o ambiente universitário local favorece, em alguns espaços e para alguns cursos, a troca de saberes e o compartilhamento de informações e conhecimentos, mas o PET Comunidades do Campo proporciona o efetivo exercício da interdisciplinaridade, ampliando os horizontes de possibilidades das profissões escolhidas

Educomunicação e suas áreas de intervenção: Novos paradigmas para o diálogo intercultural

oai:omp.abpeducom.org.br:publicationFormat/1O material aqui divulgado representa, em essência, a contribuição do VII Encontro Brasileiro de Educomunicação ao V Global MIL Week, da UNESCO, ocorrido na ECA/USP, entre 3 e 5 de novembro de 2016. Estamos diante de um conjunto de 104 papers executivos, com uma média de entre 7 e 10 páginas, cada um. Com este rico e abundante material, chegamos ao sétimo e-book publicado pela ABPEducom, em seus seis primeiros anos de existência. A especificidade desta obra é a de trazer as “Áreas de Intervenção” do campo da Educomunicação, colocando-as a serviço de uma meta essencial ao agir educomunicativo: o diálogo intercultural, trabalhado na linha do tema geral do evento internacional: Media and Information Literacy: New Paradigms for Intercultural Dialogue

The complete genome sequence of Chromobacterium violaceum reveals remarkable and exploitable bacterial adaptability

Chromobacterium violaceum is one of millions of species of free-living microorganisms that populate the soil and water in the extant areas of tropical biodiversity around the world. Its complete genome sequence reveals (i) extensive alternative pathways for energy generation, (ii) ≈500 ORFs for transport-related proteins, (iii) complex and extensive systems for stress adaptation and motility, and (iv) wide-spread utilization of quorum sensing for control of inducible systems, all of which underpin the versatility and adaptability of the organism. The genome also contains extensive but incomplete arrays of ORFs coding for proteins associated with mammalian pathogenicity, possibly involved in the occasional but often fatal cases of human C. violaceum infection. There is, in addition, a series of previously unknown but important enzymes and secondary metabolites including paraquat-inducible proteins, drug and heavy-metal-resistance proteins, multiple chitinases, and proteins for the detoxification of xenobiotics that may have biotechnological applications

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants.

BACKGROUND: Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. METHODS: We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. FINDINGS: The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. INTERPRETATION: Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. FUNDING: WHO

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. Copyright (C) 2021 World Health Organization; licensee Elsevier

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30–79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30–79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306–359) million women and 317 (292–344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584–668) million women and 652 (604–698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55–62) of women and 49% (46–52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43–51) of women and 38% (35–41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20–27) for women and 18% (16–21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings