619 research outputs found
Vafa-Witten Estimates for Compact Symmetric Spaces
We give an optimal upper bound for the first eigenvalue of the untwisted
Dirac operator on a compact symmetric space G/H with rk G-rk H\le 1 with
respect to arbitrary Riemannian metrics. We also prove a rigidity statement.Comment: LaTeX, 11 pages. V2: Rigidity statement added, minor changes. To
appea
Minimal immersions of closed surfaces in hyperbolic three-manifolds
We study minimal immersions of closed surfaces (of genus ) in
hyperbolic 3-manifolds, with prescribed data , where
is a conformal structure on a topological surface , and is a holomorphic quadratic differential on the surface . We
show that, for each for some , depending only on
, there are at least two minimal immersions of closed surface
of prescribed second fundamental form in the conformal structure
. Moreover, for sufficiently large, there exists no such minimal
immersion. Asymptotically, as , the principal curvatures of one
minimal immersion tend to zero, while the intrinsic curvatures of the other
blow up in magnitude.Comment: 16 page
Gravity coupled with matter and foundation of non-commutative geometry
We first exhibit in the commutative case the simple algebraic relations
between the algebra of functions on a manifold and its infinitesimal length
element . Its unitary representations correspond to Riemannian metrics and
Spin structure while is the Dirac propagator ds = \ts \!\!---\!\! \ts =
D^{-1} where is the Dirac operator. We extend these simple relations to
the non commutative case using Tomita's involution . We then write a
spectral action, the trace of a function of the length element in Planck units,
which when applied to the non commutative geometry of the Standard Model will
be shown (in a joint work with Ali Chamseddine) to give the SM Lagrangian
coupled to gravity. The internal fluctuations of the non commutative geometry
are trivial in the commutative case but yield the full bosonic sector of SM
with all correct quantum numbers in the slightly non commutative case. The
group of local gauge transformations appears spontaneously as a normal subgroup
of the diffeomorphism group.Comment: 30 pages, Plain Te
A characterization of quadric constant mean curvature hypersurfaces of spheres
Let be an immersion of a
complete -dimensional oriented manifold. For any , let
us denote by the function given by
and by , the function given by
, where is a Gauss map. We will prove
that if has constant mean curvature, and, for some and some
real number , we have that , then, is
either a totally umbilical sphere or a Clifford hypersurface. As an
application, we will use this result to prove that the weak stability index of
any compact constant mean curvature hypersurface in
which is neither totally umbilical nor a Clifford hypersurface and has constant
scalar curvature is greater than or equal to .Comment: Final version (February 2008). To appear in the Journal of Geometric
Analysi
Equivariant geometric K-homology for compact Lie group actions
Let G be a compact Lie-group, X a compact G-CW-complex. We define equivariant
geometric K-homology groups K^G_*(X), using an obvious equivariant version of
the (M,E,f)-picture of Baum-Douglas for K-homology. We define explicit natural
transformations to and from equivariant K-homology defined via KK-theory (the
"official" equivariant K-homology groups) and show that these are isomorphism.Comment: 25 pages. v2: some mistakes corrected, more detail added, Michael
Walter as author added. To appear in Abhandlungen aus dem Mathematischen
Seminar der Universit\"at Hambur
Discovery of Calcium, Indium, Tin, and Platinum Isotopes
Currently, twenty-four calcium, thirty-eight indium, thirty-eight tin and
thirty-nine platinum isotopes have been observed and the discovery of these
isotopes is discussed here. For each isotope a brief synopsis of the first
refereed publication, including the production and identification method, is
presented.Comment: to be published in At. Data Nuclear Data Tables, This updated paper
combines manuscripts: 1004.4934 (Calcium), 1004.5266 (Indium), 1003.5127
(Tin), and 1006.4033 (Platinum
The effect of warming climate on nutrient and solute export from the Greenland Ice Sheet
Glacial meltwater runoff is likely an important source of limiting nutrients for downstream primary producers. This has particular significance for regions surrounding the Greenland Ice Sheet, which discharges >400 km3 of meltwater annually. The Arctic is warming rapidly but the impact of higher discharge on nutrient export is unknown. We present four years of hydrological and geochemical data from a large Greenland Ice Sheet catchment that includes the two highest melt years on record (2010, 2012). Measurements reveal significant variation in dissolved solute (major ion) and estimated dissolved macronutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus and silica) fluxes, with increases in higher melt years. Labile particulate macronutrients dominate nutrient export, accounting for ~50 % of nitrogen and >80 % of both phosphorus and silica. The response of ice sheet nutrient export to enhanced melting is largely controlled by particle bound nutrients, the future supply of which is uncertain. We propose that the Greenland Ice Sheet provides an underappreciated and annually dynamic source of nutrients for the polar oceans, with changes in meltwater discharge likely to impact marine primary productivity in future decades
Characterization of and structural insight into struvite-K, MgKPO4·6H2O, an analogue of struvite
Struvite-K (MgKPO4·6H2O) is a magnesium potassium phosphate mineral with naturally cementitious properties, which is finding increasing usage as an inorganic cement for niche applications including nuclear waste management and rapid road repair. Struvite-K is also of interest in sustainable phosphate recovery from wastewater and, as such, a detailed knowledge of the crystal chemistry and high-temperature behavior is required to support further laboratory investigations and industrial applications. In this study, the local chemical environments of synthetic struvite-K were investigated using high-field solid-state 25Mg and 39K MAS NMR techniques, alongside 31P MAS NMR and thermal analysis. A single resonance was present in each of the 25Mg and 39K MAS NMR spectra, reported here for the first time alongside the experimental and calculated isotropic chemical shifts, which were comparable to the available data for isostructural struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O). An in situ high-temperature XRD analysis of struvite-K revealed the presence of a crystallineâamorphousâcrystalline transition that occurred between 30 and 350 °C, following the single dehydration step of struvite-K. Between 50 and 300 °C, struvite-K dehydration yielded a transient disordered (amorphous) phase identified here for the first time, denoted ÎŽ-MgKPO4. At 350 °C, recrystallization was observed, yielding ÎČ-MgKPO4, commensurate with an endothermic DTA event. A subsequent phase transition to Îł-MgKPO4 was observed on further heating, which reversed on cooling, resulting in the α-MgKPO4 structure stabilized at room temperature. This behavior was dissimilar from that of struvite exposed to high temperature, where NH4 liberation occurs at temperatures >50 °C, indicating that struvite-K could potentially withstand high temperatures via a transition to MgKPO4
Search for a W' boson decaying to a bottom quark and a top quark in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
Results are presented from a search for a W' boson using a dataset
corresponding to 5.0 inverse femtobarns of integrated luminosity collected
during 2011 by the CMS experiment at the LHC in pp collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV.
The W' boson is modeled as a heavy W boson, but different scenarios for the
couplings to fermions are considered, involving both left-handed and
right-handed chiral projections of the fermions, as well as an arbitrary
mixture of the two. The search is performed in the decay channel W' to t b,
leading to a final state signature with a single lepton (e, mu), missing
transverse energy, and jets, at least one of which is tagged as a b-jet. A W'
boson that couples to fermions with the same coupling constant as the W, but to
the right-handed rather than left-handed chiral projections, is excluded for
masses below 1.85 TeV at the 95% confidence level. For the first time using LHC
data, constraints on the W' gauge coupling for a set of left- and right-handed
coupling combinations have been placed. These results represent a significant
improvement over previously published limits.Comment: Submitted to Physics Letters B. Replaced with version publishe
Search for the standard model Higgs boson decaying into two photons in pp collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV
A search for a Higgs boson decaying into two photons is described. The
analysis is performed using a dataset recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC
from pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, which corresponds to an
integrated luminosity of 4.8 inverse femtobarns. Limits are set on the cross
section of the standard model Higgs boson decaying to two photons. The expected
exclusion limit at 95% confidence level is between 1.4 and 2.4 times the
standard model cross section in the mass range between 110 and 150 GeV. The
analysis of the data excludes, at 95% confidence level, the standard model
Higgs boson decaying into two photons in the mass range 128 to 132 GeV. The
largest excess of events above the expected standard model background is
observed for a Higgs boson mass hypothesis of 124 GeV with a local significance
of 3.1 sigma. The global significance of observing an excess with a local
significance greater than 3.1 sigma anywhere in the search range 110-150 GeV is
estimated to be 1.8 sigma. More data are required to ascertain the origin of
this excess.Comment: Submitted to Physics Letters
- âŠ