Endnote: Conference Previews Contributions from Perspectives on the State of Jefferson

Endnote: Conference Previews Contributions from Perspectives on the State of Jefferso

Exploring Information Flow on Twitter: Social Network Analysis on Gender-Specific Medicine

To date, sex and gender differences play only a minor role in medical research and practice, thereby putting individuals’ health at risk. Gender-specific medicine, or the practice of taking these differences into account when conducting research and treating patients so far is being discussed primarily by experts. With people increasingly using social media such as Twitter for sharing and searching for health-related information online, Twitter can potentially educate about gender-specific medicine. However, little is known about the information circulation and the structure of interactions on the Twitter network discussing this topic. Results of a network analysis show that the network exhibits a community-structure, with information exchange being limited and concentrated in silos. This indicates that there is untapped potential for acquiring new information by users through interacting with individuals outside their community. Public health officials may benefit from this insight and tailor online campaigns to enhance awareness on gender-specific medicine

Science, Politics, Law, and the Arc of the Clean Water Act: The Role of Assumptions in the Adoption of a Pollution Control Landmark

This Article examines the assumptions upon which Congress relied in enacting the Clean Water Act ( CWA ) and the extent to which these assumptions have been borne out or belied as the federal and state governments have implemented their CWA responsibilities in the quest to achieve acceptably clean water. Part I briefly traces the development of federal water pollution control legislation before 1972, highlighting the deficiencies that contributed to the need for a new approach in 1972. Part II examines the scientific and technical, political, and legal assumptions that helped shape the 1972 CWA in order to determine whether the failure to achieve fully the statute‘s goals is inherent in the statute‘s design or is the result of the law‘s incomplete implementation. Part III provides an assessment of how water quality conditions today compare both with those that existed in 1972 and with the goals that Congress identified in the CWA. The Article concludes by speculating about the future direction of water pollution control law. We conclude that a surprisingly large share of the assumptions upon which Congress built the CWA were valid and have helped to make the statute an environmental success story. The statute‘s failure to perform even more admirably than it has is due largely to a lack of legislative clarity in addressing the role of wetlands in preserving the integrity of aquatic ecosystems and to Congress‘s unwillingness to adopt, or force the states to adopt, measures to control nonpoint source pollution

Science, Politics, Law, and the Arc of the Clean Water Act: The Role of Assumptions in the Adoption of a Pollution Control Landmark

This Article examines the assumptions upon which Congress relied in enacting the Clean Water Act ( CWA ) and the extent to which these assumptions have been borne out or belied as the federal and state governments have implemented their CWA responsibilities in the quest to achieve acceptably clean water. Part I briefly traces the development of federal water pollution control legislation before 1972, highlighting the deficiencies that contributed to the need for a new approach in 1972. Part II examines the scientific and technical, political, and legal assumptions that helped shape the 1972 CWA in order to determine whether the failure to achieve fully the statute‘s goals is inherent in the statute‘s design or is the result of the law‘s incomplete implementation. Part III provides an assessment of how water quality conditions today compare both with those that existed in 1972 and with the goals that Congress identified in the CWA. The Article concludes by speculating about the future direction of water pollution control law. We conclude that a surprisingly large share of the assumptions upon which Congress built the CWA were valid and have helped to make the statute an environmental success story. The statute‘s failure to perform even more admirably than it has is due largely to a lack of legislative clarity in addressing the role of wetlands in preserving the integrity of aquatic ecosystems and to Congress‘s unwillingness to adopt, or force the states to adopt, measures to control nonpoint source pollution

Science, Politics, Law and the Arc of the Clean Water Act: The Role of Assumptions in the Adoption of a Pollution Control Landmark

This article examines the assumptions upon which Congress relied in enacting the 1972 Clean Water Act and the extent to which they have been borne out or belied as the federal and state governments have implemented their statutory responsibilities in the quest to achieve acceptably clean water. It traces the development of federal water pollution control legislation before 1972, highlighting the deficiencies that contributed to the need for a new approach in 1972. It then examines the scientific and technical, political, and legal assumptions that helped shape the 1972 Clean Water Act in an effort to determine whether the failure to achieve fully the statute’s goals is inherent in the statute’s design or is more likely the result of the law’s incomplete implementation. The article concludes that a surprisingly large share of the assumptions upon which Congress built the Clean Water Act were valid and have helped to make the statute an environmental success story. The statute’s failure to perform even more admirably than it has is due largely to a lack of legislative clarity in addressing the role of wetlands in preserving the integrity of aquatic ecosystems and to Congress’ unwillingness to adopt, or force the states to adopt, measures to control nonpoint source pollution

Coping and Regulatory Responses on Social Media during Health Crisis: a Large-scale Analysis

During a crisis event, social media enables two-way communication and many-to-many information broadcasting, browsing others’ posts, publishing own content, and public commenting. These records can deliver valuable insights to approach problematic situations effectively. Our study explores how social media communication can be analyzed to understand the responses to health crises better. Results based on nearly 800 K tweets indicate that the coping and regulation foci framework holds good explanatory power, with four clusters salient in public reactions: 1) “Understanding” (problem-promotion); 2) “Action planning” (problem-prevention); 3) “Hope” (emotion-promotion) and 4) “Reassurance” (emotion-prevention). Second, the inter-temporal analysis shows high volatility of topic proportions and a shift from self-centered to community-centered topics during the course of the event. The insights are beneficial for research on crisis management and practicians who are interested in large-scale monitoring of their audience for well-informed decision-making

War climate study

This report provides a discussion of the environmental impacts of warfare involving nuclear weapons. The changes in ozone layer, climate, and changes in earth heating (or cooling) caused by nuclear explosions are discussed with possible implications for public health and agricultural activities

LLL comments on The Ultimate Catastrophe

This correspondence provides a discussion of purported hazards of nuclear energy production and weapons research. The possibility of atmospheric burn and oceanic burn are discounted, and the cross sections of Nitrogen are investigated and the concentration of D[sub 2]O in the oceans are considered. In conclusion, extremely conservative calculations demonstrated that it is completely impossible for either the earth`s atmosphere or sea to sustain fusion reactions of either thermonuclear nuclear chain reaction type. And, in particular, such reactions cannot be triggered by the explosion of nuclear weapons, even those having unrealistically high yield and impractical high yield-to-weight

Kulturelle Bildung virtuell: Beispiele aus der VHS-Praxis

Wie können virtuelle Räume und digitale Medien und deren Potenzial für kulturelle Bildungsangebote genutzt werden? Dieser Frage gehen die Autorinnen mit der Vorstellung von drei Praxisbeispielen aus dem VHS-Alltag nach und zeigen dabei auf, dass der sinnvolle und durchdachte Einsatz Digitaler Hilfsmittel in der Kulturellen Bildung zusätzlich einen Beitrag zur digitalen Bildung der Teilnehmenden leisten kann