Psychometric Validation of the Portuguese Version of the Modern Homonegativity Scale among Portuguese College Students

The studies focused on analysing attitudes toward homosexuality show that the manifestation of homonegativity has evolved into more modern forms. We therefore propose using instruments that capture subtle aspects in discrimination against gay and lesbian people. The objective of this study is twofold. First, we aim to adapt and validate the Portuguese version of the Modern Homonegativity Scale. Second, we set out to analyse the modern homonegativity shown by Portuguese university students. The scale includes two parallel subscales (MHS-Gay Men and MHS-LesbianWomen), each with 12 items. Six hundred and forty-one Portuguese college students between 18 and 27 years of age participated in the study (Mage = 21.23; SD = 1.88). The results demonstrate the unidimensionality of the scale and a high degree of internal consistency, along with satisfactory fit indices. Those people who identified as male and heterosexual showed greater modern homonegativity. We conclude that the Portuguese version of the MHS is valid and reliable for evaluating modern homonegativity in Portugal.Programa Operativo FEDERJunta de Andalucia B-SEJ-294-UGR1

Validity and measurement invariance of the Modern Homonegativity Scale for students in the field of education

Aquellas investigaciones orientadas a analizar las actitudes hacia la homosexualidad sugieren el uso de instrumentos que detecten los aspectos sutiles en la discriminación hacia hombres gais y mujeres lesbianas. Asimismo, se señala que la invariancia de medida de los constructos es imprescindible para que las comparaciones entre grupos sean válidas. Este trabajo pretende validar la Escala de Homonegatividad Moderna (MHS) en estudiantes universitarios del ámbito de la educación (N= 1.283) con un rango de edad entre los 17 y los 49 años (M= 2.88; DT= 3,02). Del mismo modo, se interesa por examinar la invariancia de medida de la MHS en relación con ciertas variables sociodemográficas y personales (p. ej. identidad de género), así como ideológicas (p. ej. inclinación política). Los resultados aportaron evidencias sobre la unidimensionalidad de la escala y un al-to grado de consistencia interna (MHS-G= .879; MHS-L= .906), además de unos índices de ajuste (CFIMHS-G= .95, CFIMHS-L= .97; RMSEAMHS-G=.064, 90% IC: .057-.071, RMSEAMHS-L= .059, 90% IC: .052-.066) y unos valores de validez externa (MHS-G y AN-T: r= .753, I.C. 95% = .722-.785; MHS-L y AN-T: r= .76. I.C. 95% = .730-.790) satisfactorios. Asimismo, sugirieron que tanto la subescala hacia hombres gais (MHS-G) como mujeres lesbianas (MHS-L) son constructos invariantes conforme a las variables estudiadas. Las conclusiones apuntan a la validez y la invariancia de medida del modelo propuesto para comparar los niveles de homonegatividad moderna entre los grupos estudiados.Parenting stiles (authoritative, democratic, permissive and neglectful) play a key role in personal development and can be related to aggressive beliefs and affects in the individual. In order to examine this relationship, 769 subjects (359 men; 46.68%), with an average age of 21.89 years, s.d= 2.65, were assessed in terms of parenting styles, aggressive beliefs and affects; the mediating role of affects in the relationship between aggressive beliefs and parenting styles was also explored. The study revealed that these constructs are interrelated. The democratic parenting style was found to be the most widespread. In terms of gender, authoritative styles were used more often on men than on women, among which the permissive style was the most common. No significant gender differences were found concerning democratic and neglectful parenting styles. Women were revealed to be more exposed to negative affects, and aggressive beliefs were found to be more prevalent in men. Children educated according to a democratic style scored higher in positive affects and lower in aggressive beliefs. Authoritative styles tend to lead to aboveaverage scores in positive affects and aggressive beliefs. In addition, one in five people educated according to a permissive style returns a high negative affect score, and one in four people educated according to a neglectful style yields high scores in aggressive beliefs. Finally, parenting styles were found to have a direct effect on aggressive beliefs, an effect enhanced by the mediating role played by affects. In conclusion, the study suggests that parenting styles are related to aggressive beliefs and affects. In addition, affects were shown to play a mediating role in the relationship between parenting styles and aggressive beliefs. Finally, it is worth emphasising that, owing to the far-reaching implications of parenting styles on the psychological, social and personal development of the individual, more research needs to be undertaken, not only to examine their relationship with affects and aggressive beliefs, but also with other psychological variables involved in personal developmen

Knowledge and attitudes of undergraduate students towards sexual and gender diversity in the field of helping professions

La literatura científica internacional enfatiza la labor de las y los profesionales del ámbito de la intervención social en cuanto a la atención a la DASGE (diversidad afectivo-sexual y de género). A pesar de mostrar un bajo nivel de homofobia y transfobia, la falta de formación inicial puede afectar a la posesión de habilidades y recursos para intervenir adecuadamente. Además, este déficit parece condicionar la muestra de actitudes positivas hacia este colectivo, afectando a su desempeño profesional. Desde la necesidad de avanzar en este tipo de estudios en el contexto nacional, esta investigación pretende analizar las actitudes y los conocimientos del alumnado del ámbito de la intervención social (trabajo social y educación social) hacia la DASGE perteneciente a la Universidad de Huelva. Se llevó a cabo un estudio ex-post-facto con una muestra de 307 estudiantes universitarios, con la aplicación de un instrumento de auto informe. Los resultados revelan un déficit en la formación específica y legislativa en relación con la DASGE. Asimismo, también muestran que el mayor o menor nivel de conocimientos, así como de homonegatividad y transfobia, están relacionados con la correlación de determinadas variables (curso académico, titulación universitaria, orientación sexual, contacto con personas LGBT, sentimiento religioso, inclinación política y causa de la homosexualidad). Finalmente, se concluye la necesidad de revisar los programas de estudio e incluir contenidos para una formación específica del alumnado en DASGE. Las conclusiones apuntan a la importancia de que los servicios de orientación universitarios tengan en cuenta la diversidad LGBT en sus intervenciones de sensibilización y formación.International research has emphasized the work of professionals in the field of helping professions in terms of attention to DASGE (sexual and gender diversity). Although showing a low level of homophobia and transphobia, the lack of initial and continuous training can affect the possession of skills and resources to intervene adequately. Furthermore, this deficit seems to condition the display of positive attitudes towards this collective, affecting their professional performance. From the need to advance in this type of studies in the national context, this research aims to analyse the attitudes and knowledge of students in the field of social intervention (social work and social education) towards the DASGE belonging to the University of Huelva. An ex-post study was carried out with a sample of 307 students, with the application of a self-reporting instrument. The results reveal a deficit in specific and legislative training in relation to the DASGE. They also show that the higher or lower level of knowledge, as well as homonegativity and transphobia, are related to the correlation of certain variables (academic year, university degree, sexual orientation, contact with LGBT people, religious feeling, political inclination, and cause of homosexuality). Finally, the need to revise the study programs of both degrees is concluded, adapting the contents for specific training of students in DASGE. The findings point to the importance of university counselling services taking LGBT diversity into account in their awareness-raising and training interventions

“…do you remember your first LGTB assault?”: An analysis of testimonies from LGTB people in the #MeQueer movement

La orientación sexual y la identidad de género siguen siendo obstáculos para la promoción del bienestar y justicia social de las personas LGTB. Esta realidad se refleja en el movimiento #MeQueer, donde internautas LGTB exponen testimonios personales sobre situaciones de acoso o discriminación que han sufrido en su vida cotidiana. Este trabajo pretende analizar estas experiencias para identificar aquellos conocimientos, creencias y actitudes que se perpetúan en la sociedad en torno a la diversidad afectivo-sexual y de género (DASGE). Se realiza un estudio cualitativo desde el paradigma de investigación interpretativo, empleando un muestreo intencional o de conveniencia en el que se seleccionaron 635 tuits. Los resultados exponen la existencia de diversas falsas creencias y conocimientos erróneos relacionados con los roles sexuales, comportamientos sexuales y la realidad de las personas LGTB. Asimismo, se refleja la perpetuación de actitudes negativas hacia la DASGE en diferentes ámbitos de la sociedad que se manifiestan tanto de forma explícita y hostil (e.g. agresiones físicas) como implícita y sutil (e.g. falta de reconocimiento de derechos LGTB). Se concluye que el acoso y la discriminación hacia el colectivo LGTB tienden hacia formas más sutiles y difíciles de identificar debido a la ausencia de cualquier referencia a la orientación sexual o la identidad de género. Se estima necesario una formación en materia de DASGE de profesionales del ámbito de la atención socio-sanitaria y educación.Sexual orientation and gender identity continue to be obstacles to the promotion of LGTB wellbeing and social justice. This reality is reflected in the #MeQueer movement, where LGTB users give personal testimonies about situations of social bias or discrimination they have suffered in their daily lives. This work aims to analyse these experiences in order to identify the knowledge, beliefs and attitudes that are perpetuated in society regarding sexual orientation, gender identitiy and expresion (SOGIE). A qualitative study was carried out using the interpretative research paradigm, employing a purposive or convenience sampling in which 635 tweets were selected. The results expose the existence of various false beliefs and erroneous knowledge related to sex roles, sexual behaviour and the reality of LGTB people. It also reflects the perpetuation of negative attitudes towards LGTB people in different spheres of society that manifest themselves both explicitly and hostile (e.g. physical aggressions) and implicitly and subtly (e.g. lack of recognition of LGTB rights). It is concluded that LGTB social bias and discrimination tends to take more subtle and difficult to identify forms due to the absence of any reference to sexual orientation or gender identity. It is considered necessary to train professionals in the field of social and health care and education in SOGIE.Esta investigación ha sido posible gracias al Proyecto DISEXGO (ref.: B-SEJ-294-UGR18) cofinanciado por el Programa Operativo FEDER 2014-2020 y por la Consejería de Economía y Conocimiento de la Junta de Andalucía

Lgb bullying. Implications and strategies to combat it

El acoso escolar LGTB-fóbico se dirige a personas con identidad de género y opción sexual no heteronormativas. Este trabajo revisa los estudios sobre las características del acoso escolar por opción sexual (LGB-fóbico) y pretende analizar en qué consiste, los agentes involucrados, sus manifestaciones, las consecuencias, así como las posibles estrategias para abordarlo. Este acoso deteriora el clima de aula y puede tener consecuencias graves en las víctimas. Es necesario concienciar a la comunidad educativa acerca de la magnitud de esta problemática, así como de las posibles estrategias que permitan prevenir y afrontar este tipo de acoso, ello requiere la implicación activa de los distintos agentes involucrados, especialmente del profesorado.LGT-bullying is directed to that people whose gender identity and sexual orientation is non-heteronormative. This paper examines those researches about LGB bullying, specifically it examines what is its meaning, its agents, its manifestations, its consequences and possible strategies to deal with it. This bullying damages school environment and has serious consequences in its victims. It is necessary to make teachers aware of this problem, and those possible strategies to prevent and work this type of bullying. It requires active implication of the school community

Famílies botàniques de plantes medicinals

Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona. Ensenyament: Grau de Farmàcia, Assignatura: Botànica Farmacèutica, Curs: 2013-2014, Coordinadors: Joan Simon, Cèsar Blanché i Maria Bosch.Els materials que aquí es presenten són els recull de 175 treballs d’una família botànica d’interès medicinal realitzats de manera individual. Els treballs han estat realitzat per la totalitat dels estudiants dels grups M-2 i M-3 de l’assignatura Botànica Farmacèutica durant els mesos d’abril i maig del curs 2013-14. Tots els treballs s’han dut a terme a través de la plataforma de GoogleDocs i han estat tutoritzats pel professor de l’assignatura i revisats i finalment co-avaluats entre els propis estudiants. L’objectiu principal de l’activitat ha estat fomentar l’aprenentatge autònom i col·laboratiu en Botànica farmacèutica

Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good

Juxtaposing BTE and ATE – on the role of the European insurance industry in funding civil litigation

One of the ways in which legal services are financed, and indeed shaped, is through private insurance arrangement. Two contrasting types of legal expenses insurance contracts (LEI) seem to dominate in Europe: before the event (BTE) and after the event (ATE) legal expenses insurance. Notwithstanding institutional differences between different legal systems, BTE and ATE insurance arrangements may be instrumental if government policy is geared towards strengthening a market-oriented system of financing access to justice for individuals and business. At the same time, emphasizing the role of a private industry as a keeper of the gates to justice raises issues of accountability and transparency, not readily reconcilable with demands of competition. Moreover, multiple actors (clients, lawyers, courts, insurers) are involved, causing behavioural dynamics which are not easily predicted or influenced. Against this background, this paper looks into BTE and ATE arrangements by analysing the particularities of BTE and ATE arrangements currently available in some European jurisdictions and by painting a picture of their respective markets and legal contexts. This allows for some reflection on the performance of BTE and ATE providers as both financiers and keepers. Two issues emerge from the analysis that are worthy of some further reflection. Firstly, there is the problematic long-term sustainability of some ATE products. Secondly, the challenges faced by policymakers that would like to nudge consumers into voluntarily taking out BTE LEI

Search for stop and higgsino production using diphoton Higgs boson decays

Results are presented of a search for a "natural" supersymmetry scenario with gauge mediated symmetry breaking. It is assumed that only the supersymmetric partners of the top-quark (stop) and the Higgs boson (higgsino) are accessible. Events are examined in which there are two photons forming a Higgs boson candidate, and at least two b-quark jets. In 19.7 inverse femtobarns of proton-proton collision data at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV, recorded in the CMS experiment, no evidence of a signal is found and lower limits at the 95% confidence level are set, excluding the stop mass below 360 to 410 GeV, depending on the higgsino mass

Severe early onset preeclampsia: short and long term clinical, psychosocial and biochemical aspects

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy specific disorder commonly defined as de novo hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks gestational age. It occurs in approximately 3-5% of pregnancies and it is still a major cause of both foetal and maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide1. As extensive research has not yet elucidated the aetiology of preeclampsia, there are no rational preventive or therapeutic interventions available. The only rational treatment is delivery, which benefits the mother but is not in the interest of the foetus, if remote from term. Early onset preeclampsia (<32 weeks’ gestational age) occurs in less than 1% of pregnancies. It is, however often associated with maternal morbidity as the risk of progression to severe maternal disease is inversely related with gestational age at onset2. Resulting prematurity is therefore the main cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity in patients with severe preeclampsia3. Although the discussion is ongoing, perinatal survival is suggested to be increased in patients with preterm preeclampsia by expectant, non-interventional management. This temporising treatment option to lengthen pregnancy includes the use of antihypertensive medication to control hypertension, magnesium sulphate to prevent eclampsia and corticosteroids to enhance foetal lung maturity4. With optimal maternal haemodynamic status and reassuring foetal condition this results on average in an extension of 2 weeks. Prolongation of these pregnancies is a great challenge for clinicians to balance between potential maternal risks on one the eve hand and possible foetal benefits on the other. Clinical controversies regarding prolongation of preterm preeclamptic pregnancies still exist – also taking into account that preeclampsia is the leading cause of maternal mortality in the Netherlands5 - a debate which is even more pronounced in very preterm pregnancies with questionable foetal viability6-9. Do maternal risks of prolongation of these very early pregnancies outweigh the chances of neonatal survival? Counselling of women with very early onset preeclampsia not only comprises of knowledge of the outcome of those particular pregnancies, but also knowledge of outcomes of future pregnancies of these women is of major clinical importance. This thesis opens with a review of the literature on identifiable risk factors of preeclampsia