Metal triflates catalyzed efficient synthesis of 3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyrans

Ytterbium triflate efficiently catalyzes an unusual cyclization of o-hydroxybenzaldehydes with 2,3-dihydrofuran and 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran in the presence of trimethyl orthoformate at ambient temperature to afford a new class of compounds, furo- and pyrano[2,3-b]benzopyrans in excellent yields with high diastereoselectivity. Also, o-hydroxybenzaldehydes reacted smoothly with acetophenones in the presence of a catalytic amount of scandium triflate under similar reaction conditions to give the corresponding 2,4-dialkoxy-2-aryl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyrans in high yields

Rapid production of therapeutic proteins using plant system

Plant molecular farming is simply defined as the production of proteins therapeutics (PT) in plants, which involves transient gene expression in plants and purification of expressed protein to a great scale for diagnosis, treatment and other applications.  This is therapid,economical, safe and reproducible approach for the production of PTas compared to bacterial and mammalian systems. Protein yield and post-translational modifications are the major roadblocks that can be overcome byhigh expression strategies includes over expression constructs, suitable plant host systems and glycoengineering of proteins. The inherent ability of ideally producing safe, functional protein is the most striking phenomenon recognized by the pharmaceutical industries and developed many therapeutic products within few weeks to meet escalating demands during pandemic/epidemic outbreaks recentl

Investigation on topology-optimized compressor piston by metal additive manufacturing technique: Analytical and numeric computational modeling using finite element analysis in ANSYS

Air compressors are widely used in factories to power automation systems and store energy. Several studies have been conducted on the performance of reciprocating and screw compressors. Advancements in design and manufacturing techniques, such as generative design and topology optimization, are leading to improved performance and turbomachinery growth. This work presents a methodology to design and manufacture air compressor pistons using topology optimization and metal additive manufacturing. The existing piston is converted to 3D CAD data and topology optimization is conducted to reduce material in stress concentration regions. Thermal and mechanical loads are considered in boundary conditions. The results show reduced material and improved efficiency, which is validated using ANSYS fluent. The optimized 3D model of the piston is too complex for conventional subtractive manufacturing, so laser sintering 3D printing is proposed. Honeycomb pattern infill patterns are used in 3D printing. This investigation is a step toward researching similar methods in other reciprocating compressor components such as cylinder, cylinder head, piston pins, crankshaft, and connecting rods, which will ultimately lead to improved compressor efficiency. © 2023 the author(s), published by De Gruyter.Khon Kaen University, KKU: R.G.P.1/349/43; Deanship of Scientific Research, King Khalid UniversityFunding information: This research was funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University (KKU) through the Research Group Program Under the Grant Number: (R.G.P.1/349/43).The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University (KKU) for funding this research through the Research Group Program Under the Grant Number: (R.G.P.1/349/43)

Variabilidad de rindes de trigo y fertilización nitrogenada

p.115-122En la primera parte del trabajo se presenta un modelo teórico de respuesta del cultivo de trigo a una serie de factores de producción. El objetivo del mismo es permitir la estimación del valor esperado de rinde, E (Y), y la varianza de rinde, V (Y), para cualquier nivel de uso de insumo. En la segunda parte se usa el modelo anterior para analizar el proceso de respuesta del cultivo de trigo al uso de fertilizante nitrogenado. Se utilizan datos experimentales correspondientes a la zona triguera II. Una función polinomial es ajustada a datos de ensayos llevados a cabo en la zona II Norte y en la zona II Sur. Una prueba estadística para detectar la presencia de heterocedasticidad (el Test de Park) permite estimar la influencia del nivel de fertilización nitrogenada sobre la variabilidad de rindes. Se concluye que (1) las dosis óptimas son considerablemente (30-50 por ciento) mayores en la zona II surque en la II Norte, (2) las diferencias (entre zonas) de dosis óptima son mayores cuanto menores son las relaciones de precio fertilizante-trigo y (3) la utilización de fertilizante nitrogenado no parece aumentad el riesgo económico de producción

A Facile Synthesis of Sn-Doped CeO2 Nanoparticles: High Performance Electrochemical Nitrite Sensing Application

Development of novel electrode materials for sensing water pollutant like nitrite, nitrate, paramedical pollutants and fertilizers is a more promising research area in electrochemical sensor field. Various pure as well as doped metal oxides were used as electrodes for sensing the water pollutants but, deficits in stability, reproducibility and real time analysis. In the present work, a promising Sn-doped CeO2 based sensor was fabricated for sensing nitrite in water. A selective concentration of Sn (5%) doped CeO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by facile chemical precipitation method. The structural, optical and morphological information were studied using various techniques. The morphological of the sample was revealed an agglomerated with spherical nanoparticles with size of 8.5 nm. The synergistic effect of Sn-CeO2/GCE improves the electrochemical behavior of nitrite on the modified surface. Sn-doped CeO2 nanoparticles has a better surface property and provides a more fine-grained media to facilitate electron transfer during the reaction between analyte and electrode. The Sn-CeO2/GCE electrode possesses excellent electrocatalytic oxidation of nitrite (NO2–) which was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and amperometry techniques. The remarkable sensitivities of nitrite were found that 245.4 µA cm−2 mM−1 and 89.53 µA cm−2 mM−1 with R2 = 0.999 and RSD of ∼ 6%. Similarly, the limit of detection (LOD) towards nitrite ion sensing was found to be 16 nM. The real time application of Sn-CeO2/GCE sensor was demonstrated by the detection of nitrite present in environmental water samples with excellent recoveries. Hence, Sn-doped CeO2 modified electrode also demonstrates good reproducibility, long time stability, and excellent selectivity properties. Thus, a developed electrochemical sensor possesses a novel promise for the construction of simple and sensitive nitrite analytical stage. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.The authors thank Chancellor, President and Vice Chancellor, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai for the support and encouragement. The author R. Jothi Ramalingam thank for the financial support by the Researchers Supporting Project Number (RSP-2021/354), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

New record of blunthead pufferfish, Sphoeroides pachygaster (Muller & Troschel, 1848 (Tetraodontiformes: Tetraodontidae) from Indian water along with DNA barcode and some biological aspects

Blunthead pufferfish, Sphoeroides pachygaster (Muller and Troschel 1848) was recorded for the first time in Indian seas. A single female specimen of S. pachygaster was caught in bottom trawl operation at 263 – 310 m depth of the Eastern Arabian Sea. Morphometric and meristic description are presented in detail and compared with the pertinent records available elsewhere. The specimen collected was fully matured with Gonado Somatic Index (GSI) of 17.9 %. Gonad occupied two-third of the abdominal cavity, ova diameters ranged between 0.45 and 0.6 mm and the absolute fecundity estimated was 0.238 million eggs. Histological studies revealed that, this species performs single spawning strategy and it is the first information on the reproduction of S. pachygaster in India. Available reports on the occurrence of this species indicated distribution in the Mediterranean Sea, Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans; however, the present record confirms its distribution in the Arabian Sea. Wide variations in the meristic counts among the specimens of this species collected from various locations are also discussed. Molecular analysis of the present specimen using Mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequences, confirmed the identity as S. pachygaster with intra specific divergence of 00.0 – 0.04 %. This report is the first well documented, confirmed record and re-description of S. pachygaster from the Indian Ocean, which documents a new addition to the family, Tetraodontidae of the Indian ichthyofauna

Laparoscopic pyeloplasty for ureteropelvic junction obstruction of the lower moiety in a completely duplicated collecting system: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>There are only a few reports on laparoscopic pyeloplasty in kidney abnormalities and only one case for laparoscopic pyeloplasty in a duplicated system. Increasing experience in laparoscopic techniques allows proper treatment of such anomalies. However, its feasibility in difficult cases with altered kidney anatomy such as that of duplicated renal pelvis still needs to be addressed.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We present a case of a 22-year-old white Caucasian female patient with ureteropelvic junction obstruction of the lower ureter of a completely duplicated system that was managed with laparoscopic pyeloplasty. Crossing vessels were identified and transposed. The procedure was carried out successfully and the patient's symptoms subsided. Follow-up studies demonstrated complete resolution of the obstruction.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Since laparoscopic pyeloplasty is still an evolving procedure, its feasibility in complex cases of kidney anatomic abnormalities is herein further justified.</p

Broad targeting of resistance to apoptosis in cancer

Apoptosis or programmed cell death is natural way of removing aged cells from the body. Most of the anti-cancer therapies trigger apoptosis induction and related cell death networks to eliminate malignant cells. However, in cancer, de-regulated apoptotic signaling, particularly the activation of an anti-apoptotic systems, allows cancer cells to escape this program leading to uncontrolled proliferation resulting in tumor survival, therapeutic resistance and recurrence of cancer. This resistance is a complicated phenomenon that emanates from the interactions of various molecules and signaling pathways. In this comprehensive review we discuss the various factors contributing to apoptosis resistance in cancers. The key resistance targets that are discussed include (1) Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 proteins; (2) autophagy processes; (3) necrosis and necroptosis; (4) heat shock protein signaling; (5) the proteasome pathway; (6) epigenetic mechanisms; and (7) aberrant nuclear export signaling. The shortcomings of current therapeutic modalities are highlighted and a broad spectrum strategy using approaches including (a) gossypol; (b) epigallocatechin-3-gallate; (c) UMI-77 (d) triptolide and (e) selinexor that can be used to overcome cell death resistance is presented. This review provides a roadmap for the design of successful anti-cancer strategies that overcome resistance to apoptosis for better therapeutic outcome in patients with cancer

An Integrated TCGA Pan-Cancer Clinical Data Resource to Drive High-Quality Survival Outcome Analytics

For a decade, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) program collected clinicopathologic annotation data along with multi-platform molecular profiles of more than 11,000 human tumors across 33 different cancer types. TCGA clinical data contain key features representing the democratized nature of the data collection process. To ensure proper use of this large clinical dataset associated with genomic features, we developed a standardized dataset named the TCGA Pan-Cancer Clinical Data Resource (TCGA-CDR), which includes four major clinical outcome endpoints. In addition to detailing major challenges and statistical limitations encountered during the effort of integrating the acquired clinical data, we present a summary that includes endpoint usage recommendations for each cancer type. These TCGA-CDR findings appear to be consistent with cancer genomics studies independent of the TCGA effort and provide opportunities for investigating cancer biology using clinical correlates at an unprecedented scale. Analysis of clinicopathologic annotations for over 11,000 cancer patients in the TCGA program leads to the generation of TCGA Clinical Data Resource, which provides recommendations of clinical outcome endpoint usage for 33 cancer types