486 research outputs found
Design of interactive and dynamic anatomical visualizations: The implication of cognitive load theory.
In improving the teaching and learning of anatomical sciences, empirical research is needed to develop a set of guiding principles that facilitate the design and development of effective dynamic visualizations. Based on cognitive load theory (CLT), effective learning from dynamic visualizations requires the alignment of instructional conditions with the cognitive architecture of learners and their levels of expertise. By improving the effectiveness and efficiency of dynamic visualizations, students will be able to be more successful in retaining visual information that mediates their understanding of complex and difficult aspects of anatomy. This theoretical paper presents instructional strategies generated by CLT and provides examples of some instructional implications of CLT on the design of dynamic visualizations for teaching and learning of anatomy
Disposal Options of Bamboo Fabric-Reinforced Poly(Lactic) Acid Composites for Sustainable Packaging: Biodegradability and Recyclability
The present study was conducted to determine the recyclability and
biodegradability of bamboo fabric-reinforced poly(lactic) acid (BF-PLA) composites for
sustainable packaging. BF-PLA composite was recycled through the granulation, extrusion,
pelletization and injection processes. Subsequently, mechanical properties (tensile, flexural
and impact strength), thermal stability and the morphological appearance of recycled
BF-PLA composites were determined and compared to BF-PLA composite (initial materials)
and virgin PLA. It was observed that the BF-PLA composites had the adequate mechanical
rigidity and thermal stability to be recycled and reused. Moreover, the biodegradability
of BF-PLA composite was evaluated in controlled and real composting conditions, and
the rate of biodegradability of BF-PLA composites was compared to the virgin PLA.
Morphological and thermal characteristics of the biodegradable BF-PLA and virgin PLA
were obtained by using environment scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and differential
scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively. The first order decay rate was found to be 0.0278 and 0.0151 day�1 in a controlled composting condition and 0.0008 and 0.0009 day�1 in real composting conditions for virgin PLA and BF-PLA composite, respectively. Results
indicate that the reinforcement of bamboo fabric in PLA matrix minimizes the degradation
rate of BF-PLA composite. Thus, BF-PLA composite has the potential to be used in product
packaging for providing sustainable packaging
A review on nanocellulosic fibres as new material for sustainable packaging: process an applications
The demand for exploring advanced and eco-friendly sustainable packaging materials with superior physical, mechanical and barrier properties is increasing. The materials that are currently used in packaging for food, beverage, medical and pharmaceutical products, as well as in industrial applications, are non-degradable, and thus, these materials are raising environmental pollution concerns. Numerous studies have been conducted on the utilization of bio-based materials in the pursuit of developing sustainable packaging materials. Although significant improvements have been achieved, a balance among environmental concerns, economic considerations and product packaging performance is still lacking. This is likely due to bio-based materials being used in product packaging applications without a proper design. The present review article intends to summarize the information regarding the potential applications of cellulosic nanofiber for the packaging. The importance of the design process, its principles and the challenges of design process for sustainable packaging are also summarized in this review. Overall it can be concluded that scientists, designers and engineers all are necessarily required to contribute towards research in order to commercially exploit cellulose nanofiber for sustainable packaging
Green Composites Made of Bamboo Fabric and Poly (Lactic) Acid for Packaging Applications—A Review
Petroleum based thermoplastics are widely used in a range of applications, particularly in
packaging. However, their usage has resulted in soaring pollutant emissions. Thus, researchers have
been driven to seek environmentally friendly alternative packaging materials which are recyclable
as well as biodegradable. Due to the excellent mechanical properties of natural fibres, they have
been extensively used to reinforce biopolymers to produce biodegradable composites. A detailed
understanding of the properties of such composite materials is vital for assessing their applicability
to various products. The present review discusses several functional properties related to packaging
applications in order to explore the potential of bamboo fibre fabric-poly (lactic) acid composites
for packaging applications. Physical properties, heat deflection temperature, impact resistance,
recyclability and biodegradability are important functional properties of packaging materials. In this
review, we will also comprehensively discuss the chronological events and applications of natural
fibre biopolymer composites
Green Composites Made of Bamboo Fabric and Poly (Lactic) Acid for Packaging Applications—A Review
Petroleum based thermoplastics are widely used in a range of applications, particularly in
packaging. However, their usage has resulted in soaring pollutant emissions. Thus, researchers have
been driven to seek environmentally friendly alternative packaging materials which are recyclable
as well as biodegradable. Due to the excellent mechanical properties of natural fibres, they have
been extensively used to reinforce biopolymers to produce biodegradable composites. A detailed
understanding of the properties of such composite materials is vital for assessing their applicability
to various products. The present review discusses several functional properties related to packaging
applications in order to explore the potential of bamboo fibre fabric-poly (lactic) acid composites
for packaging applications. Physical properties, heat deflection temperature, impact resistance,
recyclability and biodegradability are important functional properties of packaging materials. In this
review, we will also comprehensively discuss the chronological events and applications of natural
fibre biopolymer composites
Delta M_K and epsilon_K in the left-right supersymmetric model
We perform a complete analysis of processes in the kaon system
and evaluate and in the left-right supersymmetric
model. We include analytic expressions for the contributions of gluinos,
neutralinos and charginos. We obtain general constraints on off-diagonal mass
terms between the first two generations of both down-type and up-type squarks.
In the down-squark sector, we compare the results with gluino-only estimates.
In the up-squark sector, we find a complete set of bounds on all combinations
of chirality conserving or chirality flipping parameters. Finally, we comment
on the size of the bounds obtained by imposing left-right symmetry in the
squark sector.Comment: 22 pages, 1 figure and 4 table
Flavour issues for string-motivated heavy scalar spectra with a low gluino mass: the G2-MSSM case
In recent years it has been learned that scalar superpartner masses and
trilinear couplings should both generically be larger than about 20 TeV at the
short distance string scale if our world is described by a compactified string
or M-theory with supersymmetry breaking and stabilized moduli. Here we study
implications of this, somewhat generally and also in detail for a particular
realization (compactification of M-theory on a G_2 manifold) where there is
significant knowledge of the superpotential and gauge kinetic function, and a
light gluino. In a certain sense this yields an ultraviolet completion of
minimal flavour violation. Flavour violation stems from off-diagonal and
non-universal diagonal elements of scalar mass matrices and trilinear
couplings, and from renormalization group running. We also examine stability
bounds on the scalar potential. While heavy scalars alone do not guarantee the
absence of flavour problems, our studies show that models with heavy scalars
and light gluinos can be free from such problems.Comment: 22 pages + references, 5 figures; v2: corrected calculation of
epsilon_K (SUSY contribution is always harmless), improved presentation,
added references; v3: further minor improvements, matches version to appear
in EPJ
Search for direct production of charginos and neutralinos in events with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in √s = 7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector
A search for the direct production of charginos and neutralinos in final states with three electrons or muons and missing transverse momentum is presented. The analysis is based on 4.7 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded with the ATLAS detector. Observations are consistent with Standard Model expectations in three signal regions that are either depleted or enriched in Z-boson decays. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set in R-parity conserving phenomenological minimal supersymmetric models and in simplified models, significantly extending previous results
Jet size dependence of single jet suppression in lead-lead collisions at sqrt(s(NN)) = 2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC
Measurements of inclusive jet suppression in heavy ion collisions at the LHC
provide direct sensitivity to the physics of jet quenching. In a sample of
lead-lead collisions at sqrt(s) = 2.76 TeV corresponding to an integrated
luminosity of approximately 7 inverse microbarns, ATLAS has measured jets with
a calorimeter over the pseudorapidity interval |eta| < 2.1 and over the
transverse momentum range 38 < pT < 210 GeV. Jets were reconstructed using the
anti-kt algorithm with values for the distance parameter that determines the
nominal jet radius of R = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5. The centrality dependence of
the jet yield is characterized by the jet "central-to-peripheral ratio," Rcp.
Jet production is found to be suppressed by approximately a factor of two in
the 10% most central collisions relative to peripheral collisions. Rcp varies
smoothly with centrality as characterized by the number of participating
nucleons. The observed suppression is only weakly dependent on jet radius and
transverse momentum. These results provide the first direct measurement of
inclusive jet suppression in heavy ion collisions and complement previous
measurements of dijet transverse energy imbalance at the LHC.Comment: 15 pages plus author list (30 pages total), 8 figures, 2 tables,
submitted to Physics Letters B. All figures including auxiliary figures are
available at
http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HION-2011-02
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