Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Braquiópodes da formação pimenteiras (devoniano médio/superior), na região sudoeste da bacia do Paranaíba, município de Palmas, estado do Tocantins, Brasil

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Geociências, 2008.As seções estratigráficas estudadas estão situadas no Município de Palmas, Estado do Tocantins, borda sudoeste da bacia do Parnaíba, Devoniano Médio, em intervalo atribuído neste trabalho ao Eifeliano superior. As espécies identificadas foram coletadas em duas das quatro seções estratigráficas: Fazenda Encantada II e Estância Cantilena, ambas na parte basal da Formação Pimenteira. Os dois afloramentos são compostos por arenito fino, siltoso, muito micáceo, oxidados e bioturbados, com níveis ricamente fossilíferos. Seis espécies de braquiópodes ocorrem nesses afloramentos: Montesenetes carolinae Fonseca, 2004, Australocoelia palmata (Morris & Sharpe, 1846), Gen. A. sp. 1., Mucrospirifer pedroanus (Rathbun, 1874), Amphigenia cf. A. elongata (Vanuxem, 1842) e Tropidoleptus carinatus (Conrad, 1839). A fauna identificada indica ambiente deposicional marinho em plataforma interna distal. Destas, apenas T. carinatus tinha ocorrência com identificação taxonômica registrada na Formação Pimenteira, em afloramentos na borda leste da bacia do Parnaíba. As ocorrências das outras espécies são inéditas nessa formação. Respectivamente Amphigenia cf. A. elongata e T. carinatus são originárias das províncias Américas Orientais e Velho Mundo no Devoniano. No entanto, A. palmata e Gen. A. sp 1. são originárias da província Malvinocáfrica no Devoniano. Essas são as primeiras ocorrências de M. carolinae e M. pedroanus na bacia do Parnaíba, espécies que ocorriam apenas na bacia do Amazonas. Essas duas bacias caracterizam a Província do Amazonas-Parnaíba (área fronteiriça entre os grandes domínios devonianos). A fauna identificada na presente pesquisa é mista e caracterizada por espécies de braquiópodes do domínio das Américas Orientais (água temperada), Velho Mundo (água quente) e Malvinocáfrico (água fria) no Devoniano. Destas, apenas T. carinatus é considerada cosmopolita no Devoniano. O fenômeno de migração e mistura da fauna proveniente dos domínios devonianos que ocorrem na bacia do Parnaíba foi possível por meio da transgressão marinha registrada no Eifeliano. _________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThe studied stratigraphic sections are located in the Municipality of Palmas, State of Tocantins, southwestern border of Parnaíba basin, Middle Devonian, interval herein attributed to Upper Eifelian. The identified species were collected in two of four stratigraphic sections: Fazenda Encantada II and Estância Cantilena, both at the lower portion of Pimenteira Formation. The two outcrops are composed of fine sandstone, silt, very micaceous, oxidized and bioturbed, with rich fossiliferous levels. Six species of brachiopods occur in these outcrops: Montesenetes carolinae Fonseca, 2004, Australocoelia palmata (Morris & Sharpe, 1846), Gen. A. sp. 1., Mucrospirifer pedroanus (Rathbun, 1874), Amphigenia cf. A. elongata (Vanuxem, 1842) and Tropidoleptus carinatus (Conrad, 1839). The identified fauna indicates a deposition on distal inner shelf marine paleoenvironment. Only T. carinatus there was occurrence registered in this formation in eastern border of Parnaíba basin. To the other species, the occurrences herein recorded are new to Pimenteira Formation. Respectively Amphigenia cf. A. elongata and T. carinatus were originated in the provinces Eastern Americas and Old World in Devonian. However, M. carolinae, Gen. A. sp 1., A. palmata and M. pedroanus were originated in the Malvinokaffric province, Austral realm in Devonian. This is the first occurrence M. carolinae and M. pedroanus in the basin of Parnaiba, that occurred only in the Amazonas basin; these two basins characterize the province of Amazonas-Parnaíba (frontier area among the great Devonian domains). The identified fauna herein presented is mixed and characterized by species of brachiopods of the domain of Eastern America (temperate water), Old World (warm water) and Malvinocáfrico (cold water) in the Devonian. Out of the species, only T. carinatus is considered cosmopolite in the Devonian. The migration and mixing of fauna in Devonian areas that occur in the basin of Parnaiba was possible via the marine transgression recorded in Eifelian

Effects of physical training on functional, clinical, morphological, behavioural and psychosocial outcomes in post-COVID-19 infection: COVID-19 and REhabilitation study (CORE-study)—a study protocol for a randomised controlled clinical trial

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic remains ongoing, with a significant number of survivors who have experienced moderate to severe clinical conditions and who have suffered losses of great magnitude, especially in functional capacity, triggering limitations to daily autonomy and quality of life. Among the possibilities of intervention for disease rehabilitation, physical exercise training stands out, which can benefit several health outcomes and favours the adoption of healthier behaviours. Therefore, the aim of the study will be to analyse the effects of physical training on the functional, clinical, morphological, behavioural and psychosocial status in adults and the elderly following COVID-19 infection. Methods A randomised controlled clinical trial is to be conducted in parallel, with the experimental group undergoing an intervention involving a multicomponent physical rehabilitation programme, carried out at the Sports Center in partnership with the Academic Hospital of the Federal University of Santa Catarina, in Florianópolis, Brazil. Participants will be adults and the elderly, of both sexes, in a post-COVID-19-infection state, who were hospitalised during the infection. The intervention will have a total duration of 24 weeks and will include a multicomponent physical training programme, which will have gradual progression in frequency, duration and intensity over time. Regarding the outcomes, before, at the 12th and after 24 weeks of intervention, functional (primary outcome = functional index of aerobic capacity), clinical, morphological, behavioural and psychosocial outcomes will be assessed. Discussion This study will contribute to a greater understanding of the safety, adherence and benefits of physical training in the rehabilitation of post-COVID-19 patients. The results of this study will be disseminated through presentations at congresses, workshops, peer-reviewed publications and local and international conferences, especially with a view to proposing a post-COVID-19 rehabilitation care protocol. Trial registration ReBEC, RBR-10y6jhrs . Registered on 22 February 2022. 2015

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data