Comunidades planctónicas y bacterianas asociadas al cultivo de bocachico Prochilodus magdalenae con tecnología biofloc

Objective. To describe the planktonic communities and bacteria associated with the bocachico Prochilodus magdalenae fish culture with biofloc technology (BFT). Materials and methods. Bocachico fingerlings, with an average weight of 1.6±0.2 g, were stocked at three densities, i.e., 5 (T1), 10 (T2) and 20 (T3) fish/m3, with BFT in nine rectangular, 6.0 m3 concrete tanks for 120 days of culture. Identification and quantification of the microorganisms was performed every eight days in a sample of 250 ml of water per tank by analyzing aliquots on a Sedgwick-Rafter and/or in Neubauer chambers on a microscope at 10x and 40x magnification. On days 15, 45, and 90 of the fish culture, the bacterial communities were characterized by taking 2 g samples of floc and adding them to 90 ml of sterile saline solution, then subjecting them to conventional microbiological tests. Results. Five planktonic groups (microalgae, rotifers, cladocerans, copepods, and protists with ciliates predominating) with more rotifers and protists in the fish cultures at lower density (T1 and T2) were identified, and the largest amount of microorganisms oscillated between 174.9±21.4 ind/ml (T1) and 125.6±16.1 ind/ml (T2). It was possible to identify ten bacterial strains: Escherichia coli, Enterobacter sp., Klebsiella sp., Salmonella sp. (Enterobacteriaceae), Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus sp., Lactobacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp. (Vibrionaceae), Micrococcus sp., and Staphylococcus sp. (Coccus Gram+). Conclusions. The composition of plankton was similar in all treatments, with rotifers and protists being the most abundant; the bacteria showed a higher proportion of enterobacteria and heterotrophs.Objetivo. Describir las comunidades planctónicas y bacterianas asociadas al cultivo de bocachico Prochilodus magdalenae con tecnología biofloc (BFT). Materiales y métodos. En nueve tanques rectangulares de concreto con volumen útil de 6.0 m3, se sembraron alevinos de bocachico con peso promedio de 1.6±0.2 g, a tres densidades 5 (T1), 10 (T2) y 20 (T3) peces/m3 con BFT, durante 120 días de cultivo. La identificación y cuantificación de los microorganismos se realizó cada ocho días, en una muestra de 250 ml de agua por tanque, mediante análisis de alícuotas en cámaras Sedgwick-Rafter y/o Neubauer bajo microscopio a 10x y 40x. Los días 15, 45 y 90 del cultivo se caracterizaron las comunidades bacterianas tomando una muestra de 2 g de floc en 90 ml de solución salina estéril y sometidas a pruebas microbiológicas convencionales. Resultados. Se identificaron cinco grupos planctónicos (microalgas, rotíferos, cladóceros, copépodos y protistas con predominancia de ciliados) con mayor cantidad de rotíferos y protistas en los cultivos con menor densidad (T1 y T2); y la mayor afluencia de microorganismos osciló entre 174.9±21.4 ind/ml (T1) y 125.6±16.1 ind/ml (T2). En el grupo de bacterias fue posible identificar 10 cepas: Escherichia coli, Enterobacter sp., Klebsiella sp., Salmonella sp. (Enterobacteriaceae) Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus sp, Lactobacillus sp, Pseudomonas sp (Vibrionaceae), Micrococcus sp, Staphylococcus sp (Cocos gram+). Conclusiones. La composición del plancton fue similar en todos los tratamientos, con rotífero y protistas como los más abundantes; la mayor proporción de bacterias fueron Enterobacterias y Heterotróficas

Comunidades planctónicas y bacterianas asociadas al cultivo de bocachico Prochilodus magdalenae con tecnología biofloc

Objective. To describe the planktonic communities and bacteria associated with the bocachico Prochilodus magdalenae fish culture with biofloc technology (BFT). Materials and methods. Bocachico fingerlings, with an average weight of 1.6±0.2 g, were stocked at three densities, i.e., 5 (T1), 10 (T2) and 20 (T3) fish/m3, with BFT in nine rectangular, 6.0 m3 concrete tanks for 120 days of culture. Identification and quantification of the microorganisms was performed every eight days in a sample of 250 ml of water per tank by analyzing aliquots on a Sedgwick-Rafter and/or in Neubauer chambers on a microscope at 10x and 40x magnification. On days 15, 45, and 90 of the fish culture, the bacterial communities were characterized by taking 2 g samples of floc and adding them to 90 ml of sterile saline solution, then subjecting them to conventional microbiological tests. Results. Five planktonic groups (microalgae, rotifers, cladocerans, copepods, and protists with ciliates predominating) with more rotifers and protists in the fish cultures at lower density (T1 and T2) were identified, and the largest amount of microorganisms oscillated between 174.9±21.4 ind/ml (T1) and 125.6±16.1 ind/ml (T2). It was possible to identify ten bacterial strains: Escherichia coli, Enterobacter sp., Klebsiella sp., Salmonella sp. (Enterobacteriaceae), Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus sp., Lactobacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp. (Vibrionaceae), Micrococcus sp., and Staphylococcus sp. (Coccus Gram+). Conclusions. The composition of plankton was similar in all treatments, with rotifers and protists being the most abundant; the bacteria showed a higher proportion of enterobacteria and heterotrophs.Objetivo. Describir las comunidades planctónicas y bacterianas asociadas al cultivo de bocachico Prochilodus magdalenae con tecnología biofloc (BFT). Materiales y métodos. En nueve tanques rectangulares de concreto con volumen útil de 6.0 m3, se sembraron alevinos de bocachico con peso promedio de 1.6±0.2 g, a tres densidades 5 (T1), 10 (T2) y 20 (T3) peces/m3 con BFT, durante 120 días de cultivo. La identificación y cuantificación de los microorganismos se realizó cada ocho días, en una muestra de 250 ml de agua por tanque, mediante análisis de alícuotas en cámaras Sedgwick-Rafter y/o Neubauer bajo microscopio a 10x y 40x. Los días 15, 45 y 90 del cultivo se caracterizaron las comunidades bacterianas tomando una muestra de 2 g de floc en 90 ml de solución salina estéril y sometidas a pruebas microbiológicas convencionales. Resultados. Se identificaron cinco grupos planctónicos (microalgas, rotíferos, cladóceros, copépodos y protistas con predominancia de ciliados) con mayor cantidad de rotíferos y protistas en los cultivos con menor densidad (T1 y T2); y la mayor afluencia de microorganismos osciló entre 174.9±21.4 ind/ml (T1) y 125.6±16.1 ind/ml (T2). En el grupo de bacterias fue posible identificar 10 cepas: Escherichia coli, Enterobacter sp., Klebsiella sp., Salmonella sp. (Enterobacteriaceae) Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus sp, Lactobacillus sp, Pseudomonas sp (Vibrionaceae), Micrococcus sp, Staphylococcus sp (Cocos gram+). Conclusiones. La composición del plancton fue similar en todos los tratamientos, con rotífero y protistas como los más abundantes; la mayor proporción de bacterias fueron Enterobacterias y Heterotróficas

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Measurement of t(t)over-bar normalised multi-differential cross sections in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV, and simultaneous determination of the strong coupling strength, top quark pole mass, and parton distribution functions

Peer reviewe

Measurement of the top quark forward-backward production asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric and chromomagnetic moments in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV

Abstract The parton-level top quark (t) forward-backward asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric (d̂ t) and chromomagnetic (μ̂ t) moments have been measured using LHC pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected in the CMS detector in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The linearized variable AFB(1) is used to approximate the asymmetry. Candidate t t ¯ events decaying to a muon or electron and jets in final states with low and high Lorentz boosts are selected and reconstructed using a fit of the kinematic distributions of the decay products to those expected for t t ¯ final states. The values found for the parameters are AFB(1)=0.048−0.087+0.095(stat)−0.029+0.020(syst),μ̂t=−0.024−0.009+0.013(stat)−0.011+0.016(syst), and a limit is placed on the magnitude of | d̂ t| < 0.03 at 95% confidence level. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

MUSiC : a model-unspecific search for new physics in proton-proton collisions at root s=13TeV

Results of the Model Unspecific Search in CMS (MUSiC), using proton-proton collision data recorded at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1), are presented. The MUSiC analysis searches for anomalies that could be signatures of physics beyond the standard model. The analysis is based on the comparison of observed data with the standard model prediction, as determined from simulation, in several hundred final states and multiple kinematic distributions. Events containing at least one electron or muon are classified based on their final state topology, and an automated search algorithm surveys the observed data for deviations from the prediction. The sensitivity of the search is validated using multiple methods. No significant deviations from the predictions have been observed. For a wide range of final state topologies, agreement is found between the data and the standard model simulation. This analysis complements dedicated search analyses by significantly expanding the range of final states covered using a model independent approach with the largest data set to date to probe phase space regions beyond the reach of previous general searches.Peer reviewe

Measurement of prompt open-charm production cross sections in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

The production cross sections for prompt open-charm mesons in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13TeV are reported. The measurement is performed using a data sample collected by the CMS experiment corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 29 nb(-1). The differential production cross sections of the D*(+/-), D-+/-, and D-0 ((D) over bar (0)) mesons are presented in ranges of transverse momentum and pseudorapidity 4 < p(T) < 100 GeV and vertical bar eta vertical bar < 2.1, respectively. The results are compared to several theoretical calculations and to previous measurements.Peer reviewe

Search for Physics beyond the Standard Model in Events with Overlapping Photons and Jets

Results are reported from a search for new particles that decay into a photon and two gluons, in events with jets. Novel jet substructure techniques are developed that allow photons to be identified in an environment densely populated with hadrons. The analyzed proton-proton collision data were collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC, in 2016 at root s = 13 TeV, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1). The spectra of total transverse hadronic energy of candidate events are examined for deviations from the standard model predictions. No statistically significant excess is observed over the expected background. The first cross section limits on new physics processes resulting in such events are set. The results are interpreted as upper limits on the rate of gluino pair production, utilizing a simplified stealth supersymmetry model. The excluded gluino masses extend up to 1.7 TeV, for a neutralino mass of 200 GeV and exceed previous mass constraints set by analyses targeting events with isolated photons.Peer reviewe

An embedding technique to determine ττ backgrounds in proton-proton collision data

An embedding technique is presented to estimate standard model tau tau backgrounds from data with minimal simulation input. In the data, the muons are removed from reconstructed mu mu events and replaced with simulated tau leptons with the same kinematic properties. In this way, a set of hybrid events is obtained that does not rely on simulation except for the decay of the tau leptons. The challenges in describing the underlying event or the production of associated jets in the simulation are avoided. The technique described in this paper was developed for CMS. Its validation and the inherent uncertainties are also discussed. The demonstration of the performance of the technique is based on a sample of proton-proton collisions collected by CMS in 2017 at root s = 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 41.5 fb(-1).Peer reviewe

Bose-Einstein correlations of charged hadrons in proton-proton collisions at s\sqrt s = 13 TeV

Bose-Einstein correlations of charged hadrons are measured over a broad multiplicity range, from a few particles up to about 250 reconstructed charged hadrons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV. The results are based on data collected using the CMS detector at the LHC during runs with a special low-pileup configuration. Three analysis techniques with different degrees of dependence on simulations are used to remove the non-Bose-Einstein background from the correlation functions. All three methods give consistent results. The measured lengths of homogeneity are studied as functions of particle multiplicity as well as average pair transverse momentum and mass. The results are compared with data from both CMS and ATLAS at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV, as well as with theoretical predictions.[graphic not available: see fulltext]Bose-Einstein correlations of charged hadrons are measured over a broad multiplicity range, from a few particles up to about 250 reconstructed charged hadrons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV. The results are based on data collected using the CMS detector at the LHC during runs with a special low-pileup configuration. Three analysis techniques with different degrees of dependence on simulations are used to remove the non-Bose-Einstein background from the correlation functions. All three methods give consistent results. The measured lengths of homogeneity are studied as functions of particle multiplicity as well as average pair transverse momentum and mass. The results are compared with data from both CMS and ATLAS at $\sqrt{s} =$ 7 TeV, as well as with theoretical predictions