Enhancing the sustainability performance of Agri-Food Supply Chains by implementing Industry 4.0

[EN] In order to enhance the sustainability in the supply chain, its members should define and pursue common objectives in the three dimensions of the sustainability (economic, environmental and social). The Agri-Food Supply Chain (AFSC) is a network of different members such as farmers (producers), processors and distributors (wholesales, retailers.), etc.. In order to achieve the performance objectives of the AFSC, Industry 4.0 technologies can be implemented. The aim of this paper is to present a classification of these technologies according to two criteria: objective to be achieved (environmental or social) specified in the main issues to be covered in each objective and member of the AFSC supply chain where it is implemented. In this work, we focus on technologies that deal with environmental and social sustainability because economic sustainability will depend on the specific characteristics of the business (a supply chain using a specific Industry 4.0 technology may be profitable while others do not).This work has been funded by the Project GV/2017/065 "Development of a decision support tool for the management and improvement of sustainability in supply chains" funded by the Regional Government of Valencia. Authors also acknowledge the Project 691249, RUC-APS: Enhancing and implementing Knowledge based ICT solutions within high Risk and Uncertain Conditions for Agriculture Production Systems.Pérez Perales, D.; Verdecho Sáez, MJ.; Alarcón Valero, F. (2019). Enhancing the sustainability performance of Agri-Food Supply Chains by implementing Industry 4.0. 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Rarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests.

Tropical forests are known for their high diversity. Yet, forest patches do occur in the tropics where a single tree species is dominant. Such "monodominant" forests are known from all of the main tropical regions. For Amazonia, we sampled the occurrence of monodominance in a massive, basin-wide database of forest-inventory plots from the Amazon Tree Diversity Network (ATDN). Utilizing a simple defining metric of at least half of the trees ≥ 10 cm diameter belonging to one species, we found only a few occurrences of monodominance in Amazonia, and the phenomenon was not significantly linked to previously hypothesized life history traits such wood density, seed mass, ectomycorrhizal associations, or Rhizobium nodulation. In our analysis, coppicing (the formation of sprouts at the base of the tree or on roots) was the only trait significantly linked to monodominance. While at specific locales coppicing or ectomycorrhizal associations may confer a considerable advantage to a tree species and lead to its monodominance, very few species have these traits. Mining of the ATDN dataset suggests that monodominance is quite rare in Amazonia, and may be linked primarily to edaphic factors

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Byrsonima crassifolia

Angiosperm

Ácaros fitófagos asociados a frutales en la zona centro de Nayarit

La mayoria de los ácaros se alimentan de los envases de las hojas cerca de la periferia y ocacionan enroscamiento de los brotes; Provocan clorosis, defoliacion y un daño en el fruto, impidiendo que este madure. Los antropófagos se unen a los chupadores de savia como los ácaros, producen desórdenes histológicos que dependen principalmente de la longitud de estiletes, del tiempo de alimentación, de la densidad de problemas y de las características de la planta huésped.La mayoria de los ácaros se alimentan del envés de las hojas cerca de la periferia y ocacionan enroscamiento de los brotes; provocan clorosis, defoliacion y un daño en el fruto, impidiendo que este madure. Los antrópodos fitófagos chupadores de savia como los ácaros, producen desórdenes histológicos que dependen principalmente de la longitud de sus estiletes, del tiempo de alimentación, de la densidad de problación y de las características de la planta hospedera

Resistencia de cuatro poblaciones del acaro (Tetranychus urticae Koch) a propargite en rosa de corte (Rosa x hybrida) en el Estado de México, México

The red spider, Tetranychus urticae Koch., Is one of the most important plagues of the cut rose, (Rosa x hybrida), in the State of Mexico and its combat is realized mainly by the use of acaricides like the propargite; Which the producers initially used with satisfactory results and currently does not control this pest. In order to estimate the level of resistance to this acaricide, in 2007 its response to this acaricide was evaluated in populations from Coatepec Harinas, Tenancingo, Villa Guerrero and Zumpahuacán, State of Mexico. At least 4000 nymphs and 2,000 adults were harvested from each locality under greenhouse cutting and reproduced until F1 to perform the bioassays. The range of doses that eliminated 0 to 100% of treated individuals (biological window) was determined. Subsequently, five to seven concentrations covering this range were included. Five replicates were performed four on different consecutive days. Red spider populations from Coatepec Flour (RR95 = 7.9 ×), Villa Guerrero (RR95 = 1.3 ×) and Zumpahuacán (RR95 = 11 ×) are considered susceptible to propargite; While the population of Tenancingo (RR95 = 90.1 ×) is considered resistant to this acaricide.La araña roja, Tetranychus urticae Koch., es una de las plagas más importantes de la rosa de corte, (Rosa x hybrida), en el Estado de México y su combate se realiza principalmente mediante el uso de acaricidas como el propargite; mismo que los productores usaron inicialmente con resultados satisfactorios y actualmente no controla esta plaga. Con el objetivo de estimar el nivel de resistencia a dicho acaricida, en el año 2007 se evaluó su respuesta a dicho acaricida en poblaciones provenientes de Coatepec Harinas, Tenancingo, Villa Guerrero y Zumpahuacán, Estado de México. De cada localidad se recolectaron al menos 4 000 ninfas y 2 000 adultos en el cultivo de rosa de corte bajo invernadero y se reprodujeron hasta F1 para realizar los bioensayos. Se determinó el rango de dosis que eliminaba el 0 a 100% de los individuos tratados (ventana biológica). Posteriormente se incluyeron de cinco a siete concentraciones que cubrieron dicho rango. Se realizaron cinco repeticiones cuatro en días consecutivos diferentes. Las poblaciones de araña roja provenientes de Coatepec Harinas (RR95= 7.9×), Villa Guerrero (RR95=1.3×) y Zumpahuacán (RR95= 11×) se consideran susceptibles a propargite; mientras que la población de Tenancingo (RR95 = 90.1×) se considera resistente a dicho acaricida

Medium and Short Wave RF Energy Harvester for Powering Wireless Sensor Networks

Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging platform in which every day physical objects provided with unique identifiers are connected to the Internet without requiring human interaction. The possibilities of such a connected world enables new forms of automation to make our lives easier and safer. Evidently, in order to keep billions of these communicating devices powered long-term, a self-sustainable operation is a key point for realization of such a complex network. In this sense, energy-harvesting technologies combined with low power consumption ICs eliminate the need for batteries, removing an obstacle to the success of the IoT. In this work, a Radio Frequency (RF) energy harvester tuned at AM broadcast has been developed for low consumption power devices. The AM signals from ambient are detected via a high-performance antenna-free LC circuit with an efficiency of 3.2%. To maximize energy scavenging, the RF-DC conversion stage is based on a full-wave Cockcroft–Walton voltage multiplier (CWVM) with efficiency up to 90%. System performance is evaluated by rating the maximum power delivered into the load via its output impedance, which is around 62 μW, although power level seems to be low, it is able to power up low consumption devices such as Leds, portable calculators and weather monitoring stations