Students' attitude and satisfaction living in sustainable on-campus hostel

This research aims to investigate whether location, facilities and quality of on-campus hostels affect students’ attitude living in on-campus hostels and their satisfaction with hostel life. Next, relationship between students’ attitude and their satisfaction with hostel life are also examined. Data were collected from 230 students living in on-campus hostels in a public higher learning institution in the Federal Territory of Labuan, Malaysia. Empirical results via multiple regressions discovered that students’ satisfaction living in hostels is only affected by hostels quality, except for hostels location and hostels facilities. Students are very concerned that the floor be covered with tile, and the plumbing system be perfect with no water problems which affect their satisfaction living in hostels. Further investigation of the study recognized that students’ attitude is strongly affected by satisfaction followed by hostel facilities. This study provides strong evidence that could help the student housing administrators and the university hostel management and other accommodation services to better understand the customer satisfaction with the service delivery by identifying the significant factors in determining student satisfaction and improving the performance of university hostels towards meeting the satisfaction of students by providing highquality living environments. Direction for future research is also exemplified

CULTURE OF SABAH TOWARDS INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS’ GENDER AND NATIONALISM IN UMS: CROSS-CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE

Cross-cultural communication has a significant impact on international students in Malaysia culture regarding their gender and nationalism. Due to the lack of information and research, as well as no initiation to find out the ways to resolve the issue, the international students are concerned regarding their gender and nationalism in a host country perspective. We used appropriate literature in the fields of global teaching acculturation and adaptation of overseas students; and discrimination research and their backgrounds to discuss how global students recognize and articulate their domestic and gender identity in UMS, Sabah, Malaysia. For global students, a qualitative technique refers to say their tales overseas and describe the variables influencing the development of domestic and gender identity. A total number of participants are forty-three, who study in different faculties and institutions in UMS. In findings, it categorizes in three broad factors and those are (1) negotiations of national identity, (2) femaleness and nationhood, and lastly (3) gender negotiation: maleness and nation. Overall, this research shows how learning about who you are and who you aim to become involves the daily lives of studying in UMS. University educators and staff need to investigate and alter strategies in respects that foster understanding of how multidimensional identities can be, but also show how cultural obstacles can generate hierarchies that perpetuate inequalities

Conceptual framework development to explore the service experience in customer care centre of Telecom industry in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia

Customer care centres have become a major business field over the past few years. Efficiency and service excellence are the two major goals for customer care centre. Efficiency depends on speed and delivery that leads to get excellent service. The objectives of the research is to identify and explore the influential factors of the service experience in customer care centre in Malaysia. The research will identify the critical factors of service experience of customer care centre to eliminate the rigidity of service near future. Questionnaire survey is appropriate for this research because the research method is quantitative and experimental. Data will be collected from the people who are attached with the customer care centre activities in terms of usage of the product or seeking services through customer care centre. Before that in this theoretical paper, it tried to analyse the three theories that is to comprehend the factors influencing the customer’s service experience in a modern customer care centre in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. Results of this study will show that how different factors influence and shape a better service experience and whether the factors will have positive and significant influences on customer’s service experience in a customer care centre in Malaysia. The service marketing mix, the servuction framework and the services theatre framework are the major theories that will explain and discuss the service experience in this research to determine the outcome later on

Problems of waqf administration and proposals for improvement: a study in Malaysia

The main purpose of this paper is to assess the performance of the existing Waqf administration in Malaysia. This paper first describes the problems of Waqf administration in Malaysia and then suggests proposals for improvement. Waqf administration requires new innovative avenues. It also needs to develop a hybrid viable model for generating more benefits for all involving parties of the society with sustainability characteristics. It is recognized that there is no ample study in the area of Waqf. Further, literature is very scanty relating to the Waqf administration. The exiting studies identify various facets of the Waqf and its administration issue to explore different aspects of theoretical dimensions and practices

Students' awareness of Eco-Campus environmental activities and initiatives in the university: an evaluation

Drawing on literature utilizing the theory of planned behaviour, the present study examined the structural connection between attitudes toward environmental activities, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control, and students' intention to engage with environmental activities and green initiatives in campus. Next, this study also investigated the relationship between a) personal willingness towards environmental activities, b) attitudes towards personal responsibility, and c) attitudes toward the faculty's responsibility for creating a sustainable environment, and intention to engage in eco-campus environmental activities and green initiatives. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to test a model. The research also used multiple regressions for data analysis in an attempt to achieve the objective across a sample of 374 students in a public university in Sabah, Malaysia. The research results of SEM showed that the link between perceived behavioural control positively affects students' intention to engage with environmental activities and green initiatives in campus are significantly proven at p<0.05. This implies that positive behavioural control is held when students regarded 'If I wanted to I could easily engage in environmental activities' as the most popular issue. For control beliefs, students also pointed out that item 'For me to engage in environmental activities is easy' was also another important consideration regarding intention to engage with environmental activities and green initiatives in campus. Next, empirical results of multiple regressions revealed that personal willingness towards environmental activities, and attitudes towards the faculty's responsibility for creating a sustainable environment significantly affect students' intention to engage with eco-campus environmental activities and green initiatives. The first was found to have the strongest effect. The research provides a unique perspective of students' intention to engage with eco-campus environmental activities and green initiatives, which has previously not been much covered in the Malaysia context. The measurement produced can be used as a research tool for more exploratory and explanatory research regarding the investigated issues. Direction for future research is also presented

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication

Pooled analysis of WHO Surgical Safety Checklist use and mortality after emergency laparotomy

Background The World Health Organization (WHO) Surgical Safety Checklist has fostered safe practice for 10 years, yet its place in emergency surgery has not been assessed on a global scale. The aim of this study was to evaluate reported checklist use in emergency settings and examine the relationship with perioperative mortality in patients who had emergency laparotomy. Methods In two multinational cohort studies, adults undergoing emergency laparotomy were compared with those having elective gastrointestinal surgery. Relationships between reported checklist use and mortality were determined using multivariable logistic regression and bootstrapped simulation. Results Of 12 296 patients included from 76 countries, 4843 underwent emergency laparotomy. After adjusting for patient and disease factors, checklist use before emergency laparotomy was more common in countries with a high Human Development Index (HDI) (2455 of 2741, 89.6 per cent) compared with that in countries with a middle (753 of 1242, 60.6 per cent; odds ratio (OR) 0.17, 95 per cent c.i. 0.14 to 0.21, P <0001) or low (363 of 860, 422 per cent; OR 008, 007 to 010, P <0.001) HDI. Checklist use was less common in elective surgery than for emergency laparotomy in high-HDI countries (risk difference -94 (95 per cent c.i. -11.9 to -6.9) per cent; P <0001), but the relationship was reversed in low-HDI countries (+121 (+7.0 to +173) per cent; P <0001). In multivariable models, checklist use was associated with a lower 30-day perioperative mortality (OR 0.60, 0.50 to 073; P <0.001). The greatest absolute benefit was seen for emergency surgery in low- and middle-HDI countries. Conclusion Checklist use in emergency laparotomy was associated with a significantly lower perioperative mortality rate. Checklist use in low-HDI countries was half that in high-HDI countries.Peer reviewe