GeV to TeV astrophysical tau neutrinos

Neutrinos with energy greater than GeV are copiously produced in the p(A,p) interactions occurring in several astrophysical sites such as (i) the earth atmosphere, (ii) our galactic plane as well as in (iii) the galaxy clusters. A comparison of the tau and mu neutrino flux in the presence of neutrino oscillations from these three representative astrophysical sites is presented. It is pointed out that the non-atmospheric tau neutrino flux starts dominating over the downward going atmospheric tau neutrino flux for neutrino energy E as low as 10 GeV. This energy value is much lower than the energy value, E \geq 5\times 10^4 GeV, estimated for the dominance of the non-atmospheric mu neutrino flux, in the presence of neutrino oscillations. Future prospects for possible observations of non-atmospheric tau neutrino flux are briefly mentioned.Comment: 17 pages, 5 figures (to appear in PLB

A novel phosphoprotein analysis scheme for assessing changes in premalignant and malignant breast cell lines using 2-D liquid separations, protein microarrays, and tandem mass spectrometry

An analysis of phosphorylation changes that occur during cancer progression would provide insights into the molecular pathways responsible for a malignant phenotype. In this study we employed a novel coupling of 2-D liquid separations and protein microarray technology to reveal changes in phosphoprotein status between premalignant (AT1) and malignant (CA1a) cell lines derived from the human MCF10A breast cell lines. Intact proteins were first separated according to their p I and hydrophobicities, then arrayed on SuperAmine glass slides. Phosphoproteins were detected using the universal, inorganic phospho-sensor dye, Pro-Q Diamond. Using this dye, out of 140 spots that were positive for phosphorylation, a total of 85 differentially expressed spots were detected over a pH range of 7.2–4.0. Proteins were identified and their peptides sequenced by MS. The strategy enabled the identification of 75 differentially expressed phosphoproteins, from which 51 phosphorylation sites in 27 unique proteins were confirmed. Interestingly, the majority of differentially expressed phosphorylated proteins observed were nuclear proteins. Three regulators of apoptosis, Bad, Bax, and Acinus, were also differentially phosphorylated in the two cell lines. Further development of this strategy will facilitate an understanding of the mechanisms involved in malignancy progression and other disease-related phenotypes.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/61541/1/51_ftp.pd

The Vehicle, Fall 2010

Table of ContentsPoetryFill Your Mouth with BerriesAaron Whitepage 1 RelationsJamie Van Allenpage 2 ExodusMegan Marie Olsonpage 4 Single FileRashelle McNairpage 7 The Aesthetic Value of the Moon, by CandlelightKathy Deckerpage 15 FactalsGabrielle Keigherpage 16 Day 5David Jacksonpage 17 Esta LloviendoHeather Gerrishpage 19 FacebrokeDarrin Gordonpage 23 5:08 pmNikki Riechertpage 24 Train TunnelsAshton Tembypage 34 VariationsKathy Deckerpage 35 WantRashelle McNairpage 36 FriendshipScott Maypage 37 Golden LandJacob Swansonpage 38 Last Night I DreamtAshton Tembypage 39 Smallest GestureScott Maypage 44 Somebody\u27s Hut in MexicoGinamarie Lobiancopage 45 Some Things You Just Can\u27t Tap Dance AroundClint Walkerpage 53 Prose Lamparus de DiosAaron Whitepage 8 Learning CurveScott Maypage 18 RocktonKatelyn Pfaffpage 20 Fatal DistractionSolomohn Ennispage 25 Noodle NonsenseGabrielle Keigherpage 41 AntarcticaMichael Payeapage 46 Special Features James K Johnson Award Winners: God is GraciousJohn Klyczekpage 57 To My Ever Growing ChestJennifer Hindespage 74 God\u27s ScapegoatJennifer Hindespage 76 Rape (Verb, Noun)Jennifer Hindespage 78 Featured Artist: Ashton Tembypage 81 Editor\u27s Pick: The Shooter by Patrick Hallpage 87 Chapbook 2010 Author:Kim Hunter-Perkinspage 114 About the Contributorspage 118 About the Editorspage 122https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1092/thumbnail.jp

The Vehicle, Fall 2010

Table of ContentsPoetryFill Your Mouth with BerriesAaron Whitepage 1 RelationsJamie Van Allenpage 2 ExodusMegan Marie Olsonpage 4 Single FileRashelle McNairpage 7 The Aesthetic Value of the Moon, by CandlelightKathy Deckerpage 15 FactalsGabrielle Keigherpage 16 Day 5David Jacksonpage 17 Esta LloviendoHeather Gerrishpage 19 FacebrokeDarrin Gordonpage 23 5:08 pmNikki Riechertpage 24 Train TunnelsAshton Tembypage 34 VariationsKathy Deckerpage 35 WantRashelle McNairpage 36 FriendshipScott Maypage 37 Golden LandJacob Swansonpage 38 Last Night I DreamtAshton Tembypage 39 Smallest GestureScott Maypage 44 Somebody\u27s Hut in MexicoGinamarie Lobiancopage 45 Some Things You Just Can\u27t Tap Dance AroundClint Walkerpage 53 Prose Lamparus de DiosAaron Whitepage 8 Learning CurveScott Maypage 18 RocktonKatelyn Pfaffpage 20 Fatal DistractionSolomohn Ennispage 25 Noodle NonsenseGabrielle Keigherpage 41 AntarcticaMichael Payeapage 46 Special Features James K Johnson Award Winners: God is GraciousJohn Klyczekpage 57 To My Ever Growing ChestJennifer Hindespage 74 God\u27s ScapegoatJennifer Hindespage 76 Rape (Verb, Noun)Jennifer Hindespage 78 Featured Artist: Ashton Tembypage 81 Editor\u27s Pick: The Shooter by Patrick Hallpage 87 Chapbook 2010 Author:Kim Hunter-Perkinspage 114 About the Contributorspage 118 About the Editorspage 122https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1092/thumbnail.jp

The Vehicle, Spring 2010

Table of Contents ForgettingRashelle McNairpage 34 MuseMary Lieskepage 35 My CompulsionAshton Tembypage 38 MemoryKate Vandermeerpage 41 Killmercialize MeGreg Petersonpage 42 PenJake Smithpage 46 GrassKate Vandermeerpage 48 Character CreationMary Lieskepage 52 Ring Around TheKim Hunter-Perkinspage 54 The Great Cursive ScareJake Smithpage 55 OpiateDoug Urbanskipage 61 What Happens to Little Girls...Jennifer O\u27Neilpage 63 Poetry Sunny DaysRyan Poolpage 2 AtlantisDoug Urbanskipage 4 Garbage CityKate Vandermeerpage 6 Fat Girl ThongsKim Hunter-Perkinspage 7 MercilessRosalia Pecorapage 19 ChemistryMary Lieskepage 20 He-Who-Stopped-TalkingJustin Sudkamppage 22 In Which Iris Contemplates a Barren EarthSean Slatterypage 24 At the Bottom of the WorldNick Canadaypage 27 Dogma: Mush!Scott Maypage 28 ThiefMary Lieskepage 29 Prose Coming HomeDoug Urbanskipage 8 DodoDan Davispage 31 The Poet in the PedestrianScott Maypage 37 Toxic RainJacob Swansonpage 40 What\u27s Your Greatest Fear?Justine Fittonpage 43 Soul VoiceHolly Thomaspage 49 Conversations with a SniperKim Hunter-Perkinspage 56 LettersDaniel Paquinpage 65 Art San Marcos, MexicoKate Vandermeercover Contemplation of the World\u27s EndNicholas Giffordpage 18 Little Lady SitsSarah Hadwigerpage 26 MoodAlycia Rockeypage 30 Four Ducks in a RowMegan Mathypage 36 The Daily EasternBen Tillerypage 39 BirdsAlycia Rockeypage 45 March of the BugsMegan Mathypage 47 Mexico Work ExperienceKate Vandermeerpage 53 Feather and JewelsAlycia Rockeypage 60 The ForgottenMegan Mathypage 64 Special Features Fall 2009-Spring 2010 Vehicle Award Winnerspage 1 James K. Johnson Creative Writing Awardpage 74 Kim Hunter-PerkinsWinning Entries (Poetry)page 75 Clint WalkerWinning Entry (Fiction)page 86 Faculty Spotlight: Professor Jason Brownpage 99 About the Contributorspage 106 About the Editorspage 110https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1093/thumbnail.jp

The Vehicle, Spring 2009

Table of Contents Idyllic Has an EndJustine Fittonpage 28 The RemedyJosh Boykinpage 29 True NatureStephen Garciapage 30 We Are All Eaters of SoulsDan Davispage 31 Scarlet on the WindJustin Sudkamppage 34 IlluminatedRashelle McNairpage 35 Lightning RodKim Hunter-Perkinspage 36 TrialDan Davispage 49 Dear GodKristi Kohlenbergpage 50 A Cheap Metaphor Is What We Have for DeathKeith Stewartpage 51 Sad MoonJennifer O\u27Neilpage 52 The Transported ManStephen Garciapage 61 Divine InsanityGrace Lawrencepage 62 Moonglow MemoriesJustin Sudkamppage 63 Poetry The Habits of HusbandsKim Hunter-Perkinspage 4 Young AmericanMaria Rhodespage 5 Kevin Doesn\u27t Live Here AnymoreJustine Fittonpage 6 Summer VacationMary Lieskepage 8 PerfectChristie Cheatlepage 9 Hate for OneMiranda Whitepage 10 The Witch\u27s GraveDan Davispage 16 Medicine WomanLindsey Durbinpage 18 Epistle to a BombshellKim Hunter-Perkinspage 19 GuardedAaron Dillardpage 20 Lean and Hungry in YesteryearTim Ernstpage 21 Dirty TearsBrittany Morganpage 27 I Left the Radio OnSerena Heathpage 83 Untitled, for CourtneyKellen Fasnachtpage 84 Ermine DriveStephen Garciapage 85 Prose TwigDaniel Paquinpage 11 Coyote MoonDan Davispage 22 BloodGretchen Schaiblepage 32 IntroductionSam Sottosantopage 53 The Guitar ManDan Davispage 75 Art Picasso InspirationAlycia Rockeycover StageSarah Fairchildpage 37 ConnectedBrittany Morganpage 65 SpringAnthony Travis Shootpage 66 BodhisattvaSarah Fairchildpage 67 What About Love?Justin Sudkamppage 68 Angry MoonJennifer O\u27Neilpage 69 HauntedKellen Fasnachtpage 70 Haiku #1Justin Sudkamppage 72 ImmobileRashelle McNairpage 73 The ChurningJosh Boykinpage 74 The Old Boat DockJosh Boykinpage 79 Saltwater RaindropsTim Ernstpage 80 Slow MotionGrace Lawrencepage 81 Solid AdviceAnthony Travis Shootpage 82 TreeAlycia Rockeypage 38 TireSarah Fairchildpage 39 What to WearKristy Pearsonpage 40 Figure 1Sean Walkerpage 41 GreenhouseAlycia Rockeypage 42 RomeAlycia Rockeypage 43 Me at the Lamp PostElizabeth Surbeckpage 44 Little Miss LizKristy Pearsonpage 45 DoudnaAlycia Rockeypage 46 FlagAlycia Rockeypage 47 Flag ProtestAlycia Rockeypage 48 Features Note From the EditorRebecca Griffithpage 1 Fall 2008-Spring 2009 Vehicle Award Winnerspage 2 James K. Johnson Creative Writing Awardpage 86 Winning Entry (Nonfiction)Daniel Paquinpage 87 Winning Entries (Poetry)Anthony Travis Shootpage 98 Contributorspage 103https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1091/thumbnail.jp

Litter, gender and brand: The anticipation of incivilities and perceptions of crime prevalence

This paper isolates litter as a physical incivility in a film-based experiment, demonstrating the impact of litter on participants' anticipation of a wide range of both physical and social incivilities, and on their perceptions of crime prevalence. Such relationships have not previously been examined, partly because litter has rarely been the focus of earlier studies on incivilities. This paper also tests for possible interaction effects in these relationships involving gender (finding no significant interaction), as well as examining whether there is a difference in the anticipation of incivilities and perceptions of crime prevalence between participants exposed to branded as opposed to unbranded litter (finding no difference between the two groups). Litter is often viewed as a tolerable nuisance and not always treated as a priority. This study suggests prioritising funds towards more targeted interventions to reduce litter might result in some ‘quick wins’ – most notably, reducing perceptions of crime prevalenc

La Grange Comprehensive Plan 2018 - 2038

In the Fall of 2017, the City of La Grange and Texas Target Communities partnered to create a task force to represent the community. The task force was integral to the planning process, contributing the thoughts, desires, and opinions of community members—as well as their enthusiasm about La Grange’s future. This fifteen-month planning process ended in August 2018. The result of this collaboration is the La Grange Comprehensive Plan, which is the official policy guide for the community’s growth over the next twenty years.La Grange Comprehensive Plan 2018 - 2038 provides a guide for the future growth of the City. This document was developed by Texas Target Communities in partnership with the City of La Grange.Texas Target Communitie

Clinical outcomes and response to treatment of patients receiving topical treatments for pyoderma gangrenosum: a prospective cohort study

Background: pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is an uncommon dermatosis with a limited evidence base for treatment. Objective: to estimate the effectiveness of topical therapies in the treatment of PG. Methods: prospective cohort study of UK secondary care patients with a clinical diagnosis of PG suitable for topical treatment (recruited July 2009 to June 2012). Participants received topical therapy following normal clinical practice (mainly Class I-III topical corticosteroids, tacrolimus 0.03% or 0.1%). Primary outcome: speed of healing at 6 weeks. Secondary outcomes: proportion healed by 6 months; time to healing; global assessment; inflammation; pain; quality-of-life; treatment failure and recurrence. Results: Sixty-six patients (22 to 85 years) were enrolled. Clobetasol propionate 0.05% was the most commonly prescribed therapy. Overall, 28/66 (43.8%) of ulcers healed by 6 months. Median time-to-healing was 145 days (95% CI: 96 days, ∞). Initial ulcer size was a significant predictor of time-to-healing (hazard ratio 0.94 (0.88;80 1.00); p = 0.043). Four patients (15%) had a recurrence. Limitations: No randomised comparator Conclusion: Topical therapy is potentially an effective first-line treatment for PG that avoids possible side effects associated with systemic therapy. It remains unclear whether more severe disease will respond adequately to topical therapy alone

Mutations and Deregulation of Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTOR Cascades Which Alter Therapy Response

The Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTOR cascades are often activated by genetic alterations in upstream signaling molecules such as receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK). Certain components of these pathways, RAS, NF1, BRAF, MEK1, DUSP5, PP2A, PIK3CA, PIK3R1, PIK3R4, PIK3R5, IRS4, AKT, NFKB1, MTOR, PTEN, TSC1, and TSC2 may also be activated/inactivated by mutations or epigenetic silencing. Upstream mutations in one signaling pathway or even in downstream components of the same pathway can alter the sensitivity of the cells to certain small molecule inhibitors. These pathways have profound effects on proliferative, apoptotic and differentiation pathways. Dysregulation of components of these cascades can contribute to: resistance to other pathway inhibitors, chemotherapeutic drug resistance, premature aging as well as other diseases. This review will first describe these pathways and discuss how genetic mutations and epigenetic alterations can result in resistance to various inhibitors