Polarisation and its importance in the analysis of the contemporary foreign politics of the Republic of Poland

Wicha T. Polarisation and its importance in the analysis of the contemporary foreign politics of the Republic of Poland / T. Wicha // Международное право развития: современные тенденции и перспективы : материалы междунар. науч.-практ. конф. (г. Одесса, 17 июня 2015 г.) ; НУ «ОЮА» ; Кафедра междунар. права и междунар. отношений. – Одесса, 2015. – С. 186-189.The analysis of the concept of a friend and an enemy helps to categorise and understand the ideas that bother the decidents who study international and internal affairs. Polarisation can be exemplified by natural contrasts (even from everyday life) and by the contrasts in politics. Both of the concepts in polarisation classified the idea and depicted the indispensable notions of a friend and an enemy that can coexist in political realia

Oedema prevention in physiotherapy practice using Kinesiology Taping

Prophylaxis against edema involves the removal of excess lymph fluid from a specific area of the body. The presence of lymph accumulation, is a sign of abnormalities in the functioning of the lymphatic system, which has lost the ability to properly transport lymph. Swelling otherwise known as lymphedema is among the chronic diseases that adversely affect the functioning of human systems. Lymphedema is one of the most common disorders of the lymphatic system. Its correct function is to drain lymph into the lymphatic vessels, and from there it travels to the lymph nodes. Its malfunction is the failure to drain the lymph into the lymphatic vessels or the lymph nodes. As a result of the abnormal lymph circulation, swelling usually occurs in the lower and upper extremities. The swelling at first appears to be painless, but over time it becomes hard thus reducing the functional capacity of the limbs. Over time, the skin and subcutaneous tissue can become infected, which can affect the formation of a cancer such as lymphosarcoma. Increasingly, so-called dynamic Plastering is being used to assist and alleviate lymphedema. Kinesiology Taping (KT) otherwise known as dynamic patching enables the reduction of swelling by elevating the skin, thus increasing the surface area between the skin and fascia. This results in body fluids having more room to flow freely to the lymph nodes, and this reduces our swelling and lymph accumulation in the extremities.[2] The purpose of this paper is to show the use of  Kinesiology Taping to reduce lymphedema. The paper is based on a review of articles in reputable journals from past years

The Scientific Review of Personal Finance. Competences – Tools – Institutions – Products – Decisions by Prof. Róża Milic-Czerniak

Przesłany artykuł jest recenzją naukową monografii prof. Paula H. Dembnskiego pt. Etyka i odpowiedzialność w świecie finansów"

Performance analysis of REST API technologies using Spring and Express.js examples

The purpose of this article is a comparative analysis of two technologies for building applications in REST architecture. A Java-based development framework - Spring, and a framework designed for JavaScript language and Node environment - Express.js were analyzed. The test application was designed and implemented in both studied technologies. Using the Apache JMeter tool, HTTP request processing times were measured by operating on simple text data. The experiment was based on 5 scenarios repeated for a different number of users in the range of 10 to 100, with a constant number of executed requests to the server. The analysis conducted showed that the application implemented in Express.js handles HTTP requests up to 249% more efficiently than its counterpart in Spring

Influence of gluten-free diet on mood disorders and symptomps of depression

Introduction: Gluten is a complex substance which is a main storage of grains. It can be found in wheat, rye and barley. It is necessary to exclude products high in gluten in patients suffering from such conditions as: celiac disease (CD), wheat allergy or non-celiac gluten sensitivity. However, nowadays it is becoming more common that people not suffering from any above conditions decide to convert to gluten-free diet. Objective: To assess the influence of the gluten-free diet on mood disorders and symptoms of depression. Methods: We conducted a systemic review according to PRISMA protocol. Databases as Pubmed, Scopus were screened systematically. The final number of studies enrolled in this study is 13. Results:  In the majority of included studies a significant influence of gluten-free diet on mood disorders and symptoms of depression in patients suffering from such conditions as celiac disease or non-celiac gluten sensitivity was detected. In many cases it was noticed that symptoms of depression in children affected by CD are reduced when gluten-free diet is applied. However, some trials showed that, after converting to gluten-free diet, the symptoms of depression increased or it showed no influence of gluten on them.   Conclusions:  According to the results of the conducted trials the authors of this article came to the conclusion that it is worth considering gluten-free diet as a complementary therapy to the patients presenting symptoms of depression. Nevertheless, further studies with an adequate amount of participants- the ones that are healthy and as well as the ones that suffer from the gluten intolerance- are essential to define the outcomes of the gluten intolerance on the mood disorders

Cognitive and Electrophysiological Correlates of the Bilingual Stroop Effect

The color word Stroop effect in bilinguals is commonly half the magnitude when the written and naming languages are different (between) than when they are the same (within). This between-within language Stroop difference (BWLS) is likened to a response set effect, with greater response conflict for response relevant than irrelevant words. The nature of the BWLS was examined using a bilingual Stroop task. In a given block (Experiment 1), color congruent and incongruent words appeared in the naming language or not (single), or randomly in both languages (mixed). The BWLS effect was present for both balanced and unbalanced bilinguals, but only partially supported a response set explanation. As expected, color incongruent trials during single language blocks, lead to slower response times within than between languages. However, color congruent trials during mixed language blocks led to slower times between than within languages, indicating that response-irrelevant stimuli interfered with processing. In Experiment 2, to investigate the neural timing of the BWLS effect, event related potentials were recorded while balanced bilinguals named silently within and between languages. Replicating monolingual findings, an N450 effect was observed with larger negative amplitude for color incongruent than congruent trials (350–550 ms post-stimulus onset). This effect was equivalent within and between languages, indicating that color words from both languages created response conflict, contrary to a strict response set effect. A sustained negativity (SN) followed with larger amplitude for color incongruent than congruent trials, resolving earlier for between than within language Stroop. This effect shared timing (550–700 ms), but not morphology or scalp distribution with the commonly reported sustained potential. Finally, larger negative amplitude (200–350 ms) was observed between than within languages independent of color congruence. This negativity, likened to a no-go N2, may reflect processes of inhibitory control that facilitate the resolution of conflict at the SN, while the N450 reflects parallel processing of distracter words, independent of response set (or language). In sum, the BWLS reflects brain activity over time with contributions from language and color conflict at different points

Super (a,d)-Edge-antimagic Total Labeling of Shakle of Fan Graph

A graph $G$ of order $p$ and size $q$ is called an {\it $(a,d)$-edge-antimagic total} if there exist a bijection $f : V(G)\cup E(G) \to \{1,2,\dots,p+q\}$ such that the edge-weights, $w(uv)=f(u)+f(v)+f(uv), uv \in E(G)$, form an arithmetic sequencewith first term $a$ and common difference $d$. Such a graph $G$ is called {\it super} if the smallest possible labels appear on the vertices. In this paper we study super $(a,d)$-edge-antimagic total properties of connected  of amalgamation of Fan Graph. The result shows that amalgamation of Fan Graph admit a super edge antimagic total labeling for $d\in{0,1,2}$ for $n$ $\geq$ 1. It can be concluded that the result of this research has convered all the feasible $n$, $d$

HER2 regulates the mammary stem/progenitor cell population driving tumorigenesis and invasion.

The cancer stem cell hypothesis proposes that cancers arise in stem/progenitor cells through disregulation of self-renewal pathways generating tumors, which are driven by a component of 'tumor-initiating cells' retaining stem cell properties. The HER2 gene is amplified in 20-30% of human breast cancers and has been implicated in mammary tumorigenesis as well as in mediating aggressive tumor growth and metastasis. We demonstrate that HER2 overexpression drives mammary carcinogenesis, tumor growth and invasion through its effects on normal and malignant mammary stem cells. HER2 overexpression in normal mammary epithelial cells (NMEC) increases the proportion of stem/progenitor cells as demonstrated by in vitro mammosphere assays and the expression of stem cell marker aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) as well as by generation of hyperplastic lesions in humanized fat pads of NOD (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain)/SCID (severe combined immunodeficient) mice. Overexpression of HER2 in a series of breast carcinoma cell lines increases the ALDH-expressing 'cancer stem cell' population which displays increased expression of stem cell regulatory genes, increased invasion in vitro and increased tumorigenesis in NOD/SCID mice. The effects of HER2 overexpression on breast cancer stem cells are blocked by trastuzumab in sensitive, but not resistant, cell lines, an effect mediated by the PI3-kinase/Akt pathway. These studies provide support for the cancer stem cell hypothesis by suggesting that the effects of HER2 amplification on carcinogenesis, tumorigenesis and invasion may be due to its effects on normal and malignant mammary stem/progenitor cells. Furthermore, the clinical efficacy of trastuzumab may relate to its ability to target the cancer stem cell population in HER2-amplified tumors

Translational Pharmacometric Evaluation of Typical Antibiotic Broad-Spectrum Combination Therapies Against Staphylococcus Aureus Exploiting In Vitro Information

Broad-spectrum antibiotic combination therapy is frequently applied due to increasing resistance development of infective pathogens. The objective of the present study was to evaluate two common empiric broad-spectrum combination therapies consisting of either linezolid (LZD) or vancomycin (VAN) combined with meropenem (MER) against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) as the most frequent causative pathogen of severe infections. A semimechanistic pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) model mimicking a simplified bacterial life-cycle of S. aureus was developed upon time-kill curve data to describe the effects of LZD, VAN, and MER alone and in dual combinations. The PK-PD model was successfully (i) evaluated with external data from two clinical S. aureus isolates and further drug combinations and (ii) challenged to predict common clinical PK-PD indices and breakpoints. Finally, clinical trial simulations were performed that revealed that the combination of VAN-MER might be favorable over LZD-MER due to an unfavorable antagonistic interaction between LZD and MER