129 research outputs found
Large scale Gd-beta-diketonate based organic liquid scintillator production for antineutrino detection
Over the course of several decades, organic liquid scintillators have formed
the basis for successful neutrino detectors. Gadolinium-loaded liquid
scintillators provide efficient background suppression for electron
antineutrino detection at nuclear reactor plants. In the Double Chooz reactor
antineutrino experiment, a newly developed beta-diketonate gadolinium-loaded
scintillator is utilized for the first time. Its large scale production and
characterization are described. A new, light yield matched metal-free companion
scintillator is presented. Both organic liquids comprise the target and "Gamma
Catcher" of the Double Chooz detectors.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figures, 5 table
Large scale Gd-beta-diketonate based organic liquid scintillator production for antineutrino detection
Over the course of several decades, organic liquid scintillators have formed
the basis for successful neutrino detectors. Gadolinium-loaded liquid
scintillators provide efficient background suppression for electron
antineutrino detection at nuclear reactor plants. In the Double Chooz reactor
antineutrino experiment, a newly developed beta-diketonate gadolinium-loaded
scintillator is utilized for the first time. Its large scale production and
characterization are described. A new, light yield matched metal-free companion
scintillator is presented. Both organic liquids comprise the target and "Gamma
Catcher" of the Double Chooz detectors.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figures, 5 table
Large scale Gd-beta-diketonate based organic liquid scintillator production for antineutrino detection
Over the course of several decades, organic liquid scintillators have formed
the basis for successful neutrino detectors. Gadolinium-loaded liquid
scintillators provide efficient background suppression for electron
antineutrino detection at nuclear reactor plants. In the Double Chooz reactor
antineutrino experiment, a newly developed beta-diketonate gadolinium-loaded
scintillator is utilized for the first time. Its large scale production and
characterization are described. A new, light yield matched metal-free companion
scintillator is presented. Both organic liquids comprise the target and "Gamma
Catcher" of the Double Chooz detectors.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figures, 5 table
Prototype scintillator cell for an In-based solar neutrino detector
We describe the work carried out at MPIK to design, model, build and
characterize a prototype cell filled with a novel indium-loaded scintillator of
interest for real-time low energy solar neutrino spectroscopy. First, light
propagation in optical modules was studied with experiments and Monte Carlo
simulations. Subsequently a 5 cm x 5 cm x 100 cm prototype detector was set up
and the optical performances of several samples were measured. We first tested
a benchmark PXE-based scintillator, which performed an attenuation length of ~
4.2 m and a photo-electron yield of ~ 730 pe/MeV. Then we measured three
In-loaded samples. At an In-loading of 44 g/l, an energy resolution of ~ 11.6 %
and a spatial resolution of ~ 7 cm were attained for 477 keV recoil electrons.
The long-range attenuation length in the cell was ~1.3 m and the estimated
photo-electron yield ~ 200 pe/MeV. Light attenuation and relative light output
of all tested samples could be reproduced reasonably well by MC. All optical
properties of this system have remained stable over a period of > 1 y.Comment: 57 pages, 19 figures, 10 tables elsevier template for manuscript
submission submitted to NIMA 10 February 200
Complete results for five years of GNO solar neutrino observations
We report the complete GNO solar neutrino results for the measuring periods
GNO III, GNO II, and GNO I. The result for GNO III (last 15 solar runs) is
[54.3 + 9.9 - 9.3 (stat.)+- 2.3 (syst.)] SNU (1 sigma) or [54.3 + 10.2 - 9.6
(incl. syst.)] SNU (1 sigma) with errors combined. The GNO experiment is now
terminated after altogether 58 solar exposure runs that were performed between
May 20, 1998 and April 9, 2003. The combined result for GNO (I+II+III) is [62.9
+ 5.5 - 5.3 (stat.) +- 2.5 (syst.)] SNU (1 sigma) or [62.9 + 6.0 - 5.9] SNU (1
sigma) with errors combined in quadrature. Overall, gallium based solar
observations at LNGS (first in GALLEX, later in GNO) lasted from May 14, 1991
through April 9, 2003. The joint result from 123 runs in GNO and GALLEX is
[69.3 +- 5.5 (incl. syst.)] SNU (1 sigma). The distribution of the individual
run results is consistent with the hypothesis of a neutrino flux that is
constant in time. Implications from the data in particle- and astrophysics are
reiterated.Comment: 22 pages incl. 9 Figures and 8 Tables. to appear in: Physics Letters
B (accepted April 13, 2005) PACS: 26.65.+t ; 14.60.P
Divergent Serpentoviruses in Free-Ranging Invasive Pythons and Native Colubrids in Southern Florida, United States
Burmese python (Python bivittatus) is an invasive snake that has significantly affected ecosystems in southern Florida, United States. Aside from direct predation and competition, invasive species can also introduce nonnative pathogens that can adversely affect native species. The subfamily Serpentovirinae (order Nidovirales) is composed of positive-sense RNA viruses primarily found in reptiles. Some serpentoviruses, such as shingleback nidovirus, are associated with mortalities in wild populations, while others, including ball python nidovirus and green tree python nidovirus can be a major cause of disease and mortality in captive animals. To determine if serpentoviruses were present in invasive Burmese pythons in southern Florida, oral swabs were collected from both free-ranging and long-term captive snakes. Swabs were screened for the presence of serpentovirus by reverse transcription PCR and sequenced. A total serpentovirus prevalence of 27.8% was detected in 318 python samples. Of the initial swabs from 172 free-ranging pythons, 42 (24.4%) were positive for multiple divergent viral sequences comprising four clades across the sampling range. Both sex and snout-vent length were statistically significant factors in virus prevalence, with larger male snakes having the highest prevalence. Sampling location was statistically significant in circulating virus sequence. Mild clinical signs and lesions consistent with serpentovirus infection were observed in a subset of sampled pythons. Testing of native snakes (n = 219, 18 species) in part of the python range found no evidence of python virus spillover; however, five individual native snakes (2.3%) representing three species were PCR positive for unique, divergent serpentoviruses. Calculated pairwise uncorrected distance analysis indicated the newly discovered virus sequences likely represent three novel genera in the subfamily Serpentovirinae. This study is the first to characterize serpentovirus in wild free-ranging pythons or in any free-ranging North America reptile. Though the risk these viruses pose to the invasive and native species is unknown, the potential for spillover to native herpetofauna warrants further investigation
Measurements of extremely low radioactivity levels in BOREXINO
The techniques researched, developed and applied towards the measurement of
radioisotope concentrations at ultra-low levels in the real-time solar neutrino
experiment BOREXINO at Gran Sasso are presented and illustrated with specific
results of widespread interest. We report the use of low-level germanium gamma
spectrometry, low-level miniaturized gas proportional counters and low
background scintillation detectors developed in solar neutrino research. Each
now sets records in its field. We additionally describe our techniques of
radiochemical ultra-pure, few atom manipulations and extractions. Forefront
measurements also result from the powerful combination of neutron activation
and low-level counting. Finally, with our techniques and commercially available
mass spectrometry and atomic absorption spectroscopy, new low-level detection
limits for isotopes of interest are obtained.Comment: 27 pages, 5 figures. Submitted to Astroparticle Physics (17 Sep
2001). Spokesperson of the Borexino Collaboration: G. Bellini. Corresponding
author: W. Hampe
Reply To Kenneth B. Yatai, Mark J. Dunning, Dennis Wang. Consensus Genomic Subtypes of Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: A Step in the Right Direction but Still a Long Way To Go. Eur Urol 2020;77:434–5
In our study the Bladder Cancer Molecular Taxonomy Group collaborated to extend a first consensus report, addressing the need for a consensus molecular classification for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) that would support basic research and clinical trials. We provide such a consensus classification and offer a single-sample classifier (http://cit.ligue-cancer.net:3838/apps/consensusMIBC_web)
Search for a W ' boson decaying to a muon and a neutrino in pp collisions at √s =7 TeV
This is the Pre-Print version of the Article. The official published version can be accessed from the link below - Copyright @ 2011 ElsevierA new heavy gauge boson, W', decaying to a muon and a neutrino, is searched for in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass of 7 TeV. The data, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC, correspond to an integrated luminosity of 36 inverse picobarns. No significant excess of events above the standard model expectation is found in the transverse mass distribution of the muon-neutrino system. Masses below 1.40 TeV are excluded at the 95% confidence level for a sequential standard-model-like W'. The W' mass lower limit increases to 1.58 TeV when the present analysis is combined with the CMS result for the electron channel.This work is supported by the FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy of Sciences
and NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland, ME, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3
(France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR
(Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MST and MAE (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA)
Observation of a new Xi(b) baryon
The first observation of a new b baryon via its strong decay into Xi(b)^-
pi^+ (plus charge conjugates) is reported. The measurement uses a data sample
of pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC,
corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.3 inverse femtobarns. The known
Xi(b)^- baryon is reconstructed via the decay chain Xi(b)^- to J/psi Xi^- to
mu^+ mu^- Lambda^0 pi^-, with Lambda^0 to p pi^-. A peak is observed in the
distribution of the difference between the mass of the Xi(b)^- pi^+ system and
the sum of the masses of the Xi(b)^- and pi^+, with a significance exceeding
five standard deviations. The mass difference of the peak is 14.84 +/- 0.74
(stat.) +/- 0.28 (syst.) MeV. The new state most likely corresponds to the
J^P=3/2^+ companion of the Xi(b).Comment: Submitted to Physical Review Letter
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