98 research outputs found

    L'orientation client du personnel en contact avec la clientèle : définition et déterminants

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    Cet article tente d'identifier les facteurs favorisant le développement d'un comportement orienté client chez le personnel en contact avec la clientèle opérant dans l'entreprise de services. Il a aussi pour objectif d'en proposer un modèle explicatif. Un examen de la littérature produit deux perspectives définitoires du concept de l'orientation client des vendeurs et un ensemble de variables explicatives. Celles-ci prêtent à des actions de l'encadrement de l'entreprise, à des attitudes au travail du vendeur et aux traits de sa personnalité. L'apport de chacune de ces variables est théoriquement justifié en relation avec l'orientation client du personnel en contactAttitudes au travail;empowerment;orientation client des vendeurs;services;trait de personnalité

    Managing Multicultural Teams in Tourism industry: Club Med Case Analysis

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    The aim of this paper is to put intercultural management into perspective by trying to explore how a multicultural company in the tourism industry such as Club Med can ensure the management of a diversified workforce. We argue that the growing diversity of the customer’s characteristics and needs as well as the growing diversity of the workforce in connection with the labor’s changes has contributed to the gradual integration of multicultural work teams within companies, which leads to taking this cultural diversity into account as a central element of management. To highlight this reality, we have opted for an exploratory research that is based on a single case study of the multinational company Club Med Marrakech. The main objective was to collect the practices already implemented by this entity in order to manage its multiculturalism and to assess employees’ perceptions of these practices. The data for the study was collected through 16 semi-structured interviews conducted with Club Med’s HR managers and employees. This research concluded that Club Med’s employees are comprised and supportive of diversity and most of the respondents are satisfied with the measures adopted by the company to manage the heterogeneity of cultures. Our findings are expected to provide managers who are leading multicultural teams with managerial practices about how to effectively manage cultural diversity in the workplace so that they can parlay it into an advantage.   Keywords: Club Med, cultural diversity, intercultural management, multicultural teams, tourism. JEL Classification: M54 Paper type: Empirical researchThe aim of this paper is to put intercultural management into perspective by trying to explore how a multicultural company in the tourism industry such as Club Med can ensure the management of a diversified workforce. We argue that the growing diversity of the customer’s characteristics and needs as well as the growing diversity of the workforce in connection with the labor’s changes has contributed to the gradual integration of multicultural work teams within companies, which leads to taking this cultural diversity into account as a central element of management. To highlight this reality, we have opted for an exploratory research that is based on a single case study of the multinational company Club Med Marrakech. The main objective was to collect the practices already implemented by this entity in order to manage its multiculturalism and to assess employees’ perceptions of these practices. The data for the study was collected through 16 semi-structured interviews conducted with Club Med’s HR managers and employees. This research concluded that Club Med’s employees are comprised and supportive of diversity and most of the respondents are satisfied with the measures adopted by the company to manage the heterogeneity of cultures. Our findings are expected to provide managers who are leading multicultural teams with managerial practices about how to effectively manage cultural diversity in the workplace so that they can parlay it into an advantage.   Keywords: Club Med, cultural diversity, intercultural management, multicultural teams, tourism. JEL Classification: M54 Paper type: Empirical researc

    Comment s’engage l’employé à l’aide d’un pan de la culture organisationnelle ?

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    Cette étude cherche à montrer l’utilité de l’approche culturelle de l’orientation marché dans laproduction du sentiment d’implication dans l’organisation chez l’employé commercial. Lesrésultats approuvent les études antérieures réalisées principalement dans le domaineindustriel. L'échantillon est composé de 120 réponses recueillies auprès de deux entreprisesbancaires marocaines. L’analyse statistique produit un lien significatif entre l’orientationmarché et l’implication normative, affective et continue représentée par ses sous-dimensions« implication par manque d’alternatives » et « implication par la perception des sacrifices enquittant l’entreprise ». L’orientation marché apparaît donc comme un référentielorganisationnel, un dispositif culturel nécessaire pour faire éprouver des sentiments favorablesà la production d’un comportement conduisant à la satisfaction du client

    L’ORIENTATION MARCHE : UN COMPORTEMENT ORGANISATIONNEL A EFFET INDIVIDUEL

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    La présente étude lance le débat sur les effets de l’orientation marché de l’entreprise sur la satisfaction au travail du personnel en contact avec la clientèle. Elle cherche exactement à montrer l’utilité de l’approche culturelle de l’orientation marché dans la production du sentiment de satisfaction chez l’employé commercial. Les hypothèses ont été testées sur un échantillon d’employés commerciaux opérant dans le domaine des services. Les résultats approuvent les études antérieures réalisées principalement dans le domaine industriel. L’analyse des régressions montre que l’orientation marché est fortement liée à la satisfaction au travail. L’orientation marché apparaît donc comme un référentiel organisationnel, un dispositif culturel nécessaire pour faire éprouver des sentiments favorables à la production d’un comportement conduisant à la satisfaction du client.

    De la perception du soutien organisationnel a l’intention de rester : effet des pratiques RH de développement

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    While there has been a significant amount of research on the issue of voluntary employee turnover, retention remains the Achilles heel of most public and private sector organizations. By focusing more on intention to leave, research is often positioned in a curative rather than preventive perspective and fails to pinpoint preventive factors of turnover. Hence, intention to stay was adopted in this research to assess the effectiveness of social policies adopted by commercial banks in Morocco. The research we report is part of a larger study incorporating three bundles of HR practices, namely development, motivation and empowerment. The purpose of this paper is to better maps the influence of developmental practices on perceived organizational support and intention to stay.  For the purposes of this research, a sample of 802 usable responses was collected, and the results reveal the negative influence of career management, and the prominent mediating role that perceived organizational support plays.  The results are compelling and provide practical recommendations for leaders and managers of the surveyed organizations. The limitations of the research are documented and help to pave the road for future research perspectives.   Classification JEL : J24, L53, M53, O25 Paper type : Empirical researchMalgrĂ© le volume important de travaux de recherche traitant de la problĂ©matique de roulement volontaire des employĂ©s, la rĂ©tention demeure toujours le talon d’Achilles de la plupart des organisations des secteurs public et privĂ©. En se concentrant davantage sur l’intention de quitter, les recherches se positionnent souvent dans une optique curative plutĂ´t que prĂ©ventive et n’arrivent pas Ă  identifier les facteurs de prĂ©vention du roulement. Pour ce, l’intention de rester a Ă©tĂ© adoptĂ©e dans cette recherche pour juger de l’efficacitĂ© des politiques sociales adoptĂ©es par les banques commerciales au Maroc. La recherche que nous rapportons fait partie d'une Ă©tude plus large intĂ©grant trois grappes de pratiques RH, Ă  savoir celles de dĂ©veloppement, de motivation et d’autonomisation. L’objectif de cet article est de mieux cerner l’influence des pratiques de dĂ©veloppement sur le soutien organisationnel perçu et l’intention de rester. Pour les fins de cette recherche, un Ă©chantillon de 802 observations exploitables a Ă©tĂ© rassemblĂ©, et les rĂ©sultats rĂ©vèlent l’influence nĂ©gative de la gestion des carrières, et le rĂ´le mĂ©diateur prĂ©pondĂ©rant que joue le soutien organisationnel perçu. Les rĂ©sultats sont Ă©loquents et permettent de produire des recommandations pratiques Ă  l’intention des dirigeants et gestionnaires des organisations enquĂŞtĂ©es. Les limites de la recherche sont documentĂ©es et permettent de paver le chemin vers des perspectives de recherche futures.   Classification JEL : J24, L53, M53, O25 Type de l’article : Recherche appliquĂ©e

    Intention de rester dans l'entreprise : Un sentiment Ă  faire Ă©prouver

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    Résumé Cet article examine comment les pratiques dites de motivation des ressources humaines influencent le soutien organisationnel perçu et l'intention de rester en adoptant comme ancrage théorique la théorie de l'échange social, et la théorie du soutien organisationnel perçu. Pour les fins de cette étude un échantillon de 802 observations exploitables a été rassemblé et les résultats permettent de conclure sur le rôle capital de la rémunération et des avantages sociaux parmi les pratiques de motivation des ressources humaines. Les résultats sont éloquents et permettent de produire des recommandations pratiques à l’intention des dirigeants et gestionnaires des organisations enquêtées. Enfin, quelques limites liées à la méthodologie d'échantillonnage, à la spécificité du secteur bancaire marocain, et à l’adaptation des échelles de mesure sont discutées. Mots clés : Rémunération et avantages sociaux, évaluation de la performance, reconnaissance au travail, soutien organisationnel perçu, intention de rester, secteur bancaire marocain, Abstract This article examines how human resource motivation practices influence perceived organisational support and intention to stay using social exchange theory and perceived organisational support theory as theoretical anchors. For the purposes of this study, a sample of 802 usable observations was collected, and the results allow us to conclude that remuneration and benefits play a key role in human resource motivation practices. The results speak for themselves and provide practical recommendations for the leaders and managers of the organisations surveyed. Finally, some limitations related to the sampling methodology, the specificity of the Moroccan banking sector, and the adaptation of measurement scales are discussed. Keywords: Compensation and benefits, performance appraisal, recognition, perceived organisational support, intention to stay, Moroccan banking sector

    Prognostic Significance of High Expression of ER-beta in Surgically Treated ER-Positive Breast Cancer Following Endocrine Therapy

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    Purpose: This study evaluated estrogen receptor (ER)-beta mRNA and ER-beta protein expression and its prognostic implications in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Methods: Paraffin sections from 139 hormone receptor-positive breast cancer cases were prepared. The expression of ER-beta mRNA and protein were analyzed by branched-chain assay and immunohistochemistry (IHC), respectively. Results: The Allred score of ER-beta IHC was correlated with smaller tumor size (p=0.043), the Allred score of ER-alpha IHC (p<0.001), and the Allred score of progesterone receptor (PR) IHC (p=0.022) but not with the HER2 IHC score. ER-beta mRNA level was correlated with PR mRNA levels (p<0.001) but not with the Allred score of ER-beta IHC, ER-alpha IHC, and PR IHC, nor with the HER2 IHC score and ER-alpha mRNA level. In survival analysis, high expression of ER-beta mRNA was associated with worse disease-free survival along with poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis and absence of PR protein expression in univariate analysis (p = 0.040, p = 0.002, p = 0.018, and p = 0.007, respectively) and multivariate analysis (p = 0.044, p = 0.002, p = 0.035, and p = 0.007, respectively). Conclusion: High expression of ER-beta mRNA is an independent predictor of disease recurrence in hormone-receptorpositive breast cancer

    Recommender Systems

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    The ongoing rapid expansion of the Internet greatly increases the necessity of effective recommender systems for filtering the abundant information. Extensive research for recommender systems is conducted by a broad range of communities including social and computer scientists, physicists, and interdisciplinary researchers. Despite substantial theoretical and practical achievements, unification and comparison of different approaches are lacking, which impedes further advances. In this article, we review recent developments in recommender systems and discuss the major challenges. We compare and evaluate available algorithms and examine their roles in the future developments. In addition to algorithms, physical aspects are described to illustrate macroscopic behavior of recommender systems. Potential impacts and future directions are discussed. We emphasize that recommendation has a great scientific depth and combines diverse research fields which makes it of interests for physicists as well as interdisciplinary researchers.Comment: 97 pages, 20 figures (To appear in Physics Reports
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