Attempted haemagglutination with avian infectious bronchitis virus

It is confirmed that infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) will not agglutinate erythrocytes from birds or eutherian mammals in a simple test incubated at room temperature. An Australian strain of IBV, (N4454), was tested against red cells from 16 species of animals. This virus was isolated from Queensland chickens in 1961 (Newton and Simmons 1963) and is considered to be a strain of IBV because it produces dwarfing in chick embryos and cross-neutralizes with recognized strains of IBV

Occurrence of avian infectious bronchitis virus in the tissues of experimentally infected chickens

Eighteen chickens 4 weeks of age that had been experimentally infected with infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) were killed, two each day, from 1 to 9 days after inoculation. IBV was isolated in chick embryos from the trachea (14 times), lung (11), heart and kidneys (10 each), spleen and liver (7 each) and blood (once). The virus was recoverable on the ninth day after inoculation. The virus was isolated with a similar frequency from 8 birds that died from 2 to 10 days after inoculation. The tissue samples were held at -15°C, for as long as 11 days, before inoculation into chick embryos. IBV was readily recovered from this material

Supporting resource-based analysis of task information needs

We investigate here an approach to modelling the dynamic information requirements of a user performing a number of tasks, addressing both the provision and representation of information, viewing the information as being distributed across a set of resources. From knowledge of available resources at the user interface, and task information needs we can identify whether the system provides the user with adequate support for task execution. We look at how we can use tools to help reason about these issues, and illustrate their use through an example.We also consider a full range of analyses suggested using this approach which could potentially be supported by automated reasoning systems.(undefined

Mucin Production by SPOC1 Cells - An Immortalized Rat Tracheal Epithelial Cell Line

An airway epithelial mucous goblet cell line would be useful towards understanding mechanisms underlying the common problem of respiratory mucus hypersecretion. SPOC1 is a novel rat tracheal epithelial (RTE) cell line that developed cytologie features suggestive of mucous goblet cells when grown in tracheal grafts in vivo (Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 1995; 12:385-395). Our aims were to determine whether SPOC1 cells were capable of mucin synthesis and to directly compare mucin production by SPOC1 cells and RTE cells. Towards this end, we validated the use of monoclonal antibody (mAb) RTE11 (Exp. Lung Res. 1992; 18:323-342) as an immunologie probe for rat airway secretory mucin. Our results strongly suggest that mAb RTE11 detects a carbohydrate antigen that is a sensitive and specific marker for rat tracheobronchial secretory mucin. SPOC1 cells in tracheal grafts in vivo contained granules with ultrastructural features similar to mucous granules in normal rat airway goblet cells and they were strongly stained by mAb RTE11. Retinoic acid (RA) and culture on porous supports are known to profoundly modify airway epithelial cell phenotype in vitro. Expression of several retinoid-responsive proteins was similar in cultured SPOC1 and primary RTE cells, but major differences in mucin production were noted. Primary RTE cells in vitro only made mucin when grown on porous supports in the presence of RA, whereas SPOC1 cells produced mucin when grown on plastic or glass surfaces and even in the absence of RA. Interestingly, RA enhanced mucin secretion by SPOC1 cells during the early plateau stage of culture but there were no differences due to RA late in the culture period. SPOC1 cells are capable of mucin production and will be a useful tool for studying select aspects of airway secretory cell differentiation and function

Phenotype and differentiation potential of a novel rat tracheal epithelial cell line.

In this report we described the establishment and characterization of a continuous rat tracheal epithelial (RTE) cell line spontaneously derived from secondary RTE cell cultures. Designated SPOC1, this cell line is nontumorigenic and maintains a diploid karyotype with specific, nonrandom chromosomal alterations involving chromosomes 1, 3, and 6. SPOC1 cells demonstrate decreased requirements for peptide growth factors, compared with primary RTE cells. Upon inoculation into denuded rat tracheas, which are then implanted into syngeneic hosts, SPOC1 cells initially form a stratified squamous epithelium, which becomes less stratified with time and forms glandlike invaginations into the surrounding lamina propria. No evidence of ciliated cell differentiation is detected. The epithelium formed by SPOC1 cells in tracheal grafts reacts with antibodies specific for keratin 14, 13, and 19 (but not keratin 18) at both early and late time points, although the localization of antibody staining changes as the epithelium becomes less stratified with time. The suprabasal epithelial cells become positive for alcian blue-periodic acid-Schiff staining at later time points. The near-normal karyotype and differentiation potential of SPOC1 cells make this cell line a unique window into early changes occurring during immortalization of airway epithelial cells and will allow studies of relationships between differentiation state and neoplastic transformation

Search for direct production of charginos and neutralinos in events with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in √s = 7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for the direct production of charginos and neutralinos in final states with three electrons or muons and missing transverse momentum is presented. The analysis is based on 4.7 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded with the ATLAS detector. Observations are consistent with Standard Model expectations in three signal regions that are either depleted or enriched in Z-boson decays. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set in R-parity conserving phenomenological minimal supersymmetric models and in simplified models, significantly extending previous results

Observation of a new chi_b state in radiative transitions to Upsilon(1S) and Upsilon(2S) at ATLAS

The chi_b(nP) quarkonium states are produced in proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV and recorded by the ATLAS detector. Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.4 fb^-1, these states are reconstructed through their radiative decays to Upsilon(1S,2S) with Upsilon->mu+mu-. In addition to the mass peaks corresponding to the decay modes chi_b(1P,2P)->Upsilon(1S)gamma, a new structure centered at a mass of 10.530+/-0.005 (stat.)+/-0.009 (syst.) GeV is also observed, in both the Upsilon(1S)gamma and Upsilon(2S)gamma decay modes. This is interpreted as the chi_b(3P) system.Comment: 5 pages plus author list (18 pages total), 2 figures, 1 table, corrected author list, matches final version in Physical Review Letter

Search for displaced vertices arising from decays of new heavy particles in 7 TeV pp collisions at ATLAS

We present the results of a search for new, heavy particles that decay at a significant distance from their production point into a final state containing charged hadrons in association with a high-momentum muon. The search is conducted in a pp-collision data sample with a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 33 pb^-1 collected in 2010 by the ATLAS detector operating at the Large Hadron Collider. Production of such particles is expected in various scenarios of physics beyond the standard model. We observe no signal and place limits on the production cross-section of supersymmetric particles in an R-parity-violating scenario as a function of the neutralino lifetime. Limits are presented for different squark and neutralino masses, enabling extension of the limits to a variety of other models.Comment: 8 pages plus author list (20 pages total), 8 figures, 1 table, final version to appear in Physics Letters

Reducing heterotic M-theory to five dimensional supergravity on a manifold with boundary

This paper constructs the reduction of heterotic $M$-theory in eleven dimensions to a supergravity model on a manifold with boundary in five dimensions using a Calabi-Yau three-fold. New results are presented for the boundary terms in the action and for the boundary conditions on the bulk fields. Some general features of dualisation on a manifold with boundary are used to explain the origin of some topological terms in the action. The effect of gaugino condensation on the fermion boundary conditions leads to a `twist' in the chirality of the gravitino which can provide an uplifting mechanism in the vacuum energy to cancel the cosmological constant after moduli stabilisation.Comment: 16 pages, RevTe