Calidad de vida en pacientes con dolor lumbar crónico

Objetivo: describir la calidad de vida en relación a la salud (CVRS) de pacientes lumbalgia crónica inespecífica, así como su relación con distintas variables médicas, socio-demográficas y psicosociales. Diseño: estudio descriptivo- correlacional transversal. Participantes: 94 pacientes con dolor lumbar crónico inespecífico pertenecientes al área de Rehabilitación (Algias) del hospital de referencia. Instrumentos de evaluación: los datos médicos y socio-demográficos fueron obtenidos a partir de las historias clínicas y de una entrevista semi-estructurada. Asimismo, se administraron cuestionarios de CVRS, dolor auto-percibido, discapacidad, sintomatología ansioso-depresiva, apoyo social y satisfacción vital. Resultados: el aspecto físico de la CVRS fue el más deteriorado y éste estuvo explicado en gran parte (R2 =47.3%) por la edad del paciente y su disfunción valorada a partir de la escala Oswestry. Asimismo, el aspecto mental de la CVRS, que se mostró más cercano al promedio poblacional, se explicó por la disfunción y la ansiedad-rasgo (STAI/R) de los pacientes (R2 =47.3%). Conclusiones: la disfunción, la edad y la ansiedad-rasgo de los participantes con lumbalgia crónica han mostrado ser factores clave para explicar su CVRS global. Así pues, es preciso tomarlos en consideración a la hora de favorecer un adecuado abordaje integral y multidisciplinar de esta población.Objective: To describe health-related quality of life in (HRQoL) in a sample of patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain, and their relationship with various medical, socio-demographic and psychosocial variables. Design: Descriptive- correlational cross-sectional study. Participants: A total of 94 patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain treated in the Rehabilitation Department from the reference hospital. Assessment tools: Medical and socio-demographic data were obtained from medical records and a semi-structured interview. Furthermore, HRQoL, self-perceived pain, functional disability, anxiety-depressive symptoms, social support and life satisfaction questionnaires were administered. Results: The physical domain of HRQoL was the most impaired and it was largely explained (R2 = 47.3%) by patient age and functional dysfunction assessed by means of the Oswestry scale. Similarly, the mental domain of HRQoL, that showed average mean scores more similar to normative population, was also explained by functional dysfunction and anxiety trait (STAI/T) of patients (R2 = 47.3%). Conclusions: Functional dysfunction, age and anxiety trait of participants with chronic low back pain have been shown to be key factors in explaining their overall HRQoL. Thus, these factors should be properly consider

Perfil de personalidad en pacientes con trasplante renal: el modelo alternativo de los cinco factores

Background: There is limited research on personality traits that characterized kidney transplant patients. The aim of this study was to describe personality profile of kidney transplant patients using the Alternative Five Factor Model (AFFM), and compared it with the Spanish standard population. Method: Personality was assessed using the Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire (ZKPQ). A sample of 207 kidney transplant patients was matched by age and gender with 207 standard range controls. A logistic regression analyses was utilized to study the contribution of each ZKPQ dimension to describe the distinctive transplant patient’s profile. Results: Significant differences were showed in Neuroticism-Anxiety (p=.001), Aggression-Hostility (p=.009), and Activity (p=.001) dimensions, with lower scores on transplant patients compared with standard population. But Sociability (p=.024) was significantly higher on kidney transplant patients. In logistic regression analysis low scores on Neuroticism-Anxiety (p=.005) and Activity (p=.001) were the significant predictors to characterize personality traits of kidney transplant patients. Conclusions: Kidney transplant patients had a differential profile under the AFFM compared to standardrange sample, with lower scores on Neuroticism-Anxiety and Activity dimensions.Introducción: la investigación sobre rasgos de personalidad en pacientes con trasplante renal es limitada. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir el perfil de personalidad de pacientes con trasplante renal, utilizando el modelo alternativo de cinco factores (AFFM), y compararlo con población estándar española. Material y métodos: la personalidad fue evaluada mediante el Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire (ZKPQ). Una muestra de 207 pacientes con trasplante renal se emparejó por edad y género con 207controles de la población estándar. El análisis de regresión logística permitió estudiar la aportación de cada dimensión del ZKPQ al perfil distintivo de los pacientes trasplantados. Resultados: aparecieron diferencias significativas en las dimensiones de Neuroticismo-Ansiedad (p=.001), Agresión-Hostilidad (p=.009) y Actividad (p=.001), con puntuaciones bajas en pacientes trasplantados en comparación con la población estándar. La sociabilidad (p=.024) fue significativamente mayor en pacientes trasplantados. En el análisis de regresión, las bajas puntuaciones en Neuroticismo-Ansiedad (p=.005) y Actividad (p=.001) fueron predictores significativos para caracterizar los rasgos de personalidad de pacientes trasplantados. Conclusiones: desde el AFFM, los pacientes con trasplante renal muestran un perfil diferente de personalidad comparado con la población estándar, con bajas puntuaciones en las dimensiones de Neuroticismo-Ansiedad y Actividad

Factors Associated with Meat Consumption in Students of Spanish Universities: UniHcos Project

The level of meat consumption is one of the main deviations from the Mediterranean diet pattern in Spanish university students. The objective of this cross-sectional descriptive study is to analyze the association between sociodemographic factors and the consumption of fresh and processed meat in Spanish university students. This study is part of a cohort of 11 Spanish universities with 9862 university students (UniHcos Project). A descriptive analysis and a chi2 test were carried out to assess differences between personal and sociodemographic variables and meat consumption, and binary logistic regression analysis to assess factors associated with consumption; 19.9% and 73.5% met the recommendations for meat-fresh and meat-processed consumption, respectively. Only 3.8% of students meet the recommendations for both fresh and processed meat. Statistically significant differences were found between sex, BMI, employment, housing, and coexistence regarding compliance with recommendations. Female employed students living in rental accommodations with a partner are more likely to meet the recommendations for fresh meats while male, normal weight, employed students living in rental accommodations with a partner are more likely to meet the recommendations for processed meats. There is a lack of compliance with the recommendations for consumption of fresh meat in Spanish university students, differences in compliance among students of differing regions and an association with sex, employment, housing, and coexistence regarding compliance.This study was funded by the National Drug Plan, Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equality of Spain (Codes: 2010|145 and 2013|034) and project PI16/01947

The global abundance of tree palms

Aim Palms are an iconic, diverse and often abundant component of tropical ecosystems that provide many ecosystem services. Being monocots, tree palms are evolutionarily, morphologically and physiologically distinct from other trees, and these differences have important consequences for ecosystem services (e.g., carbon sequestration and storage) and in terms of responses to climate change. We quantified global patterns of tree palm relative abundance to help improve understanding of tropical forests and reduce uncertainty about these ecosystems under climate change. Location Tropical and subtropical moist forests. Time period Current. Major taxa studied Palms (Arecaceae). Methods We assembled a pantropical dataset of 2,548 forest plots (covering 1,191 ha) and quantified tree palm (i.e., ≥10 cm diameter at breast height) abundance relative to co‐occurring non‐palm trees. We compared the relative abundance of tree palms across biogeographical realms and tested for associations with palaeoclimate stability, current climate, edaphic conditions and metrics of forest structure. Results On average, the relative abundance of tree palms was more than five times larger between Neotropical locations and other biogeographical realms. Tree palms were absent in most locations outside the Neotropics but present in >80% of Neotropical locations. The relative abundance of tree palms was more strongly associated with local conditions (e.g., higher mean annual precipitation, lower soil fertility, shallower water table and lower plot mean wood density) than metrics of long‐term climate stability. Life‐form diversity also influenced the patterns; palm assemblages outside the Neotropics comprise many non‐tree (e.g., climbing) palms. Finally, we show that tree palms can influence estimates of above‐ground biomass, but the magnitude and direction of the effect require additional work. Conclusions Tree palms are not only quintessentially tropical, but they are also overwhelmingly Neotropical. Future work to understand the contributions of tree palms to biomass estimates and carbon cycling will be particularly crucial in Neotropical forests

Apoyo social percibido en pacientes con cáncer

Desde los inicios de la psico-oncología se propone un acercamiento holístico e integral para el tratamiento del cáncer, que se propicia desde el modelo bio-psico-social. La teoría del buffering-stress, entiende el apoyo social percibido como un amortiguador de eventos estresantes en aspectos relacionados con la salud-enfermedad. Además el apoyo social aporta efectos beneficiosos para el bienestar físico y emocional del paciente. El presente trabajo está formado por tres estudios.From the beginnings of psycho-oncology a holistic and integrated approach to cancer treatment has been proposed. This is leveraged from the biopsycho- social model. The stress-buffering theory, understand perceived social support as a buffer against stressful events on issues related to health and illness. Moreover, social support provides to the patient beneficial effects on physical and emotional well-being. This research consisted of three studies

Interconsulta y psiquiatría de enlace: estudio descriptivo de las interconsultas a psicología clínica

Introducción: Entre las especialidades médicas es cada vez más reconocida la valoración por el equipo de interconsulta y psiquiatría de enlace de las repercusiones psicosociales de la enfermedad en el paciente hospitalizado. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar descriptivamente la intervención del psicólogo clínico en las interconsultas de un hospital general. Material y métodos: Se analizan retrospectivamente a un año, con medidas de tendencia central, las interconsultas recibidas en la unidad de interconsulta y psiquiatría de enlace dirigidas a psicología clínica. Resultados: Se registran un total de 131 interconsultas hospitalarias a psicología clínica. La mayoría desde la propia unidad de psiquiatría de enlace, por el psiquiatra referente interconsultor del caso (35,9 %). Con altas prevalencias de pacientes sin trastorno psiquiátrico (28 %) o con trastornos adaptativos (43 %). En la mayoría de casos se realizan entre 2 (26 %) y 3 (19 %) visitas durante el ingreso hospitalario. Al cierre de la interconsulta por psicología clínica, son altables a domicilio sin necesidad de soporte por salud mental el 40 % de los casos. Conclusiones: La figura del psicólogo clínico, con pocas intervenciones, valida recursos personales que favorecen la salud mental del paciente hospitalizado. Se requiere más investigación que pueda ayudar a planificar recursos y concretar el ámbito de intervención del psicólogo clínico en la interconsulta hospitalari

Factors associated with meat consumption in students of Spanish universities: UniHcos Project

The level of meat consumption is one of the main deviations from the Mediterranean diet pattern in Spanish university students. The objective of this cross-sectional descriptive study is to analyze the association between sociodemographic factors and the consumption of fresh and processed meat in Spanish university students. This study is part of a cohort of 11 Spanish universities with 9862 university students (UniHcos Project). A descriptive analysis and a chi2 test were carried out to assess differences between personal and sociodemographic variables and meat consumption, and binary logistic regression analysis to assess factors associated with consumption; 19.9% and 73.5% met the recommendations for meat-fresh and meat-processed consumption, respectively. Only 3.8% of students meet the recommendations for both fresh and processed meat. Statistically significant differences were found between sex, BMI, employment, housing, and coexistence regarding compliance with recommendations. Female employed students living in rental accommodations with a partner are more likely to meet the recommendations for fresh meats while male, normal weight, employed students living in rental accommodations with a partner are more likely to meet the recommendations for processed meats. There is a lack of compliance with the recommendations for consumption of fresh meat in Spanish university students, differences in compliance among students of differing regions and an association with sex, employment, housing, and coexistence regarding compliance.Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad | Ref. 2010/145Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad | Ref. 2013/034Instituto de Salud Carlos III | Ref. PI16/0194