48 research outputs found
Modeling an Electrically Driven Graphene-Nanoribbon Laser for Optical Interconnects
Graphene has two very important optical properties of population inversion of
electrons, and broadband optical gain. As a result, graphene has potential for
use in lasers and amplifiers. In this work, we presented a quantum master model
and analyzed the properties for the electrically pumped single-AGNR
vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) to investigate the lasing
action and laser properties for realistic experimental parameters. A
semiclassical approximation for the output power and laser linewidth is also
derived. The laser threshold power was several orders of magnitude lower than
that currently achievable with semiconductor microlasers. Our results have
demonstrated that a single-AGNR VCSEL can serve as a nanolaser with ultralow
lasing threshold. Implementation of such a GNR-based VCSEL is especially
promising for optical interconnection systems since VCSELs emit low optical
power and single longitudinal mode over a wide wavelength spectral range
through tailoring GNRs.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures,
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=6458072&tag=
Association between the risk of seizure and COVID-19 vaccinations: A self-controlled case-series study
OBJECTIVE: The risk of seizure following BNT162b2 and CoronaVac vaccinations has been sparsely investigated. This study aimed to evaluate this association. METHOD: Patients who had their first seizure-related hospitalization between February 23, 2021 and January 31, 2022 were identified in Hong Kong. All seizure episodes happening on the day of vaccination (day 0) were excluded since clinicians validated that most of the cases on day 0 were syncopal episodes. Within-individual comparison using a modified self-controlled case series analysis was applied to estimate the incidence rate ratio (IRR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) of seizure using conditional Poisson regression. RESULTS: We identified 1656 individuals who had their first seizure-related hospitalization (BNT162b2: 426; CoronaVac: 263; unvaccinated: 967) within the observation period. The incidence of seizure was 1.04 (95% CI: 0.80-1.33) and 1.11 (95% CI: 0.80-1.50) per 100,000 doses of BNT162b2 and CoronaVac administered respectively. 16 and 17 individuals received second dose after having first seizure within 28 days after first dose of BNT162b2 and CoronaVac vaccinations, respectively. None had recurrent seizures after the second dose. There was no increased risk during day 1-6 after the first (BNT162b2: IRR=1.39, 95% CI=0.75-2.58; CoronaVac: IRR=1.19, 95% CI=0.50-2.83) and second doses (BNT162b2: IRR=1.36, 95% CI 0.72-2.57; CoronaVac: IRR=0.71, 95% CI=0.22-2.30) of vaccinations. During 7-13, 14-20- and 21-27-days post-vaccination, no association was observed for both vaccines. SIGNIFICANCE: The findings demonstrated no increased risk of seizure following BNT162b2 and CoronaVac vaccinations. Future studies will be warranted to evaluate the risk of seizure following COVID-19 vaccinations in different populations with subsequent doses to ensure the generalizability
CNS targets of adipokines
This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from American Physiological Society via the DOI in this record.Our understanding of adipose tissue as an endocrine organ has been transformed over the last twenty years. During this time a number of adipocyte-derived factors or adipokines have been identified. This paper will review evidence for how adipokines acting via the central nervous system (CNS) regulate normal physiology and disease pathology. The reported CNS-mediated effects of adipokines are varied and include the regulation of energy homeostasis, autonomic
nervous system activity, the reproductive axis, neurodevelopment, cardiovascular function, and cognition. Due to the wealth of information available and the diversity of their known functions, the archetypal adipokines leptin and adiponectin will be the focused on extensively. Other adipokines with established CNS actions will also be discussed. Due to the difficulties associated with studying CNS function on a molecular level in humans, the majority of our knowledge, and as
such the studies described in this paper, comes from work in experimental animal models; however, where possible the relevant data from human studies are also highlighted
AI is a viable alternative to high throughput screening: a 318-target study
: High throughput screening (HTS) is routinely used to identify bioactive small molecules. This requires physical compounds, which limits coverage of accessible chemical space. Computational approaches combined with vast on-demand chemical libraries can access far greater chemical space, provided that the predictive accuracy is sufficient to identify useful molecules. Through the largest and most diverse virtual HTS campaign reported to date, comprising 318 individual projects, we demonstrate that our AtomNet® convolutional neural network successfully finds novel hits across every major therapeutic area and protein class. We address historical limitations of computational screening by demonstrating success for target proteins without known binders, high-quality X-ray crystal structures, or manual cherry-picking of compounds. We show that the molecules selected by the AtomNet® model are novel drug-like scaffolds rather than minor modifications to known bioactive compounds. Our empirical results suggest that computational methods can substantially replace HTS as the first step of small-molecule drug discovery
Ferrite decomposition in duplex stainless steel and its application intemperature measurement
published_or_final_versionMechanical EngineeringDoctoralDoctor of Philosoph
Dispersion of InSb nanoinclusions in Cu3SbS4 for improved stability and thermoelectric efficiency
No abstract available