443 research outputs found
Pseudo-scalar Higgs boson production at NLO+NLL
We consider the production of a pseudo-scalar particle at the LHC, and
present accurate theoretical predictions for its inclusive cross section in
gluon fusion. The prediction is based on combining fixed-order perturbation
theory and all-order threshold resummation. At fixed order we include the exact
next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) plus an approximate
next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (NLO) which is based on the
recent computation at this order for the scalar case. We then add threshold
resummation at next-to-next-to-next-to leading logarithmic accuracy
(NLL). Various forms of threshold resummation are considered,
differing by the treatment of subleading terms, allowing a robust estimate of
the theoretical uncertainties due to missing higher orders. With particular
attention to pseudo-scalar masses of GeV and GeV, we also observe
that perturbative convergence is much improved when resummation is included.
Additionally, results obtained with threshold resummation in direct QCD are
compared with analogous results as computed in soft-collinear effective theory,
which turn out to be in good agreement. We provide precise predictions for
pseudo-scalar inclusive cross section at TeV LHC for a wide range of
masses. The results are available through updated versions of the public codes
ggHiggs and TROLL.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures, 1 table. Now includes a more precise assessment
of the uncertainty on the approximate N3LO. Final version accepted by EPJ
Prognostic value of circulating IGFBP2 and related autoantibodies in children with metastatic rhabdomyosarcomas
Resummation prescriptions and ambiguities in SCET vs. direct QCD: Higgs production as a case study
We perform a comparison of soft-gluon resummation in SCET vs. direct QCD
(dQCD), using Higgs boson production in gluon fusion as a case study, with the
goal of tracing the quantitative impact of each source of difference between
the two approaches. We show that saddle-point methods enable a direct
quantitative comparison despite the fact that the scale which is resummed in
the two approaches is not the same. As a byproduct, we put in one-to-one
analytic correspondence various features of either approach: specifically, we
show how the SCET method for treating the Landau pole can be implemented in
dQCD, and how the resummation of the optimal partonic scale of dQCD can be
implemented in SCET. We conclude that the main quantitative difference comes
from power-suppressed subleading contributions, which could in fact be freely
tuned in either approach, and not really characteristic of either. This
conclusion holds for Higgs production in gluon fusion, but it is in fact
generic for processes with similar kinematics. For Higgs production, everything
else being equal, SCET resummation at NNLL in the Becher-Neubert implementation
leads to essentially no enhancement of the NNLO cross-section, unlike dQCD in
the standard implementation of Catani et al
Resummation prescriptions and ambiguities in SCET vs. direct QCD: Higgs production as a case study
Tailoring CD19xCD3-DART exposure enhances T-cells to eradication of B-cell neoplasms.
Many patients with B-cell malignancies can be successfully treated, although tumor eradication is rarely achieved. T-cell-directed killing of tumor cells using engineered T-cells or bispecific antibodies is a promising approach for the treatment of hematologic malignancies. We investigated the efficacy of CD19xCD3 DART bispecific antibody in a broad panel of human primary B-cell malignancies. The CD19xCD3 DART identified 2 distinct subsets of patients, in which the neoplastic lymphocytes were eliminated with rapid or slow kinetics. Delayed responses were always overcome by a prolonged or repeated DART exposure. Both CD4 and CD8 effector cytotoxic cells were generated, and DART-mediated killing of CD4+ cells into cytotoxic effectors required the presence of CD8+ cells. Serial exposures to DART led to the exponential expansion of CD4 + and CD8 + cells and to the sequential ablation of neoplastic cells in absence of a PD-L1-mediated exhaustion. Lastly, patient-derived neoplastic B-cells (B-Acute Lymphoblast Leukemia and Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma) could be proficiently eradicated in a xenograft mouse model by DART-armed cytokine induced killer (CIK) cells. Collectively, patient tailored DART exposures can result in the effective elimination of CD19 positive leukemia and B-cell lymphoma and the association of bispecific antibodies with unmatched CIK cells represents an effective modality for the treatment of CD19 positive leukemia/lymphoma
Research highlights from the 2018 European Respiratory Society International Congress: airway disease.
The annual European Respiratory Society (ERS) International Congress (held in Paris in 2018) was once again a platform for discussion of the highest-quality scientific research, cutting-edge techniques and innovative new therapies within the respiratory field. This article discusses only some of the high-quality research studies presented at this year's Congress, with a particular focus on airway diseases including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiectasis and cough, as presented through Assembly 5 of the ERS (Airway Diseases: Asthma and COPD). The authors establish the key take-home messages of these studies, compare their findings and place them in the context of current understanding
NLL soft and Coulomb resummation for squark and gluino production at the LHC
We present predictions of the total cross sections for pair production of
squarks and gluinos at the LHC, including the stop-antistop production process.
Our calculation supplements full fixed-order NLO predictions with resummation
of threshold logarithms and Coulomb singularities at next-to-leading
logarithmic (NLL) accuracy, including bound-state effects. The numerical effect
of higher-order Coulomb terms can be as big or larger than that of soft-gluon
corrections. For a selection of benchmark points accessible with data from the
2010-2012 LHC runs, resummation leads to an enhancement of the total inclusive
squark and gluino production cross section in the 15-30 % range. For individual
production processes of gluinos, the corrections can be much larger. The
theoretical uncertainty in the prediction of the hard-scattering cross sections
is typically reduced to the 10 % level.Comment: 45 pages, 16 Figures, LaTex. v2: published version. Grids with
numerical results for the NLL cross sections for squark and gluino production
at the 7/8 TeV LHC are included in the submission and are also available at
http://omnibus.uni-freiburg.de/~cs1010/susy.htm
Midterm results on a new self-expandable covered stent combined with branched stent grafts: Insights from a multicenter Italian registry
Objective: To investigate the technical periprocedural and midterm outcomes of endovascular repairs with multibranched endovascular repair or iliac branch devices combined with a new self-expanding covered stent. Methods: The COvera in BRAnch registry is a physician-initiated, multicenter, ambispective, observational registry (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04598802) enrolling patients receiving a multibranched endovascular repair or iliac branch devices procedure mated with Bard Covera Plus (Tempe, AZ) covered stent, designed to evaluate the outcomes of the covered stent mated with patient-specific and off-the-shelf branched stent graft. Primary end points were technical success, branch instability, and freedom from aortic and branch-related reintervention within 30 days and at follow-up. Preoperative characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes definitions were graded according to the Society for Vascular Surgery reporting standards. Results: Two hundred eighty-four patients (76 years; range, 70-80 years; 79% males) in 24 centers were enrolled for a total of 708 target vessels treated. The covered stents were mated with an off-the-shelf graft in 556 vessels (79%) and a custom-made graft in 152 (21%). Three hundred seven adjunctive relining stents in 277 vessels (39%) were deployed, of which 116 (38%) were proximal, 66 (21%) intrastent, and 125 (41%) distal. Adjunctive relining stent placement was more frequent when landing in a vessel branch instead of the main trunk (59% vs 39%; P = .031), performing a percutaneous access (49% vs 35%; P < .001), using a stent with a diameter of 8 mm or greater (44% vs 36%; P = .032) and a length of 80 mm or greater (65% vs 55%; P = .005), when a post-dilatation was not performed (45% vs 29%; P < .001) and when an inner branch configuration was used (55% vs 35%; P < .001). Perioperative technical bridging success was 98%. Eight patients (3%) died in the perioperative period. Two deaths (1%) were associated with renal branch occlusion followed by acute kidney injury and paraplegia. Follow-up data were available for 638 vessels (90%) at a median of 32 months (Q1, Q3, 21, 46). Branch instability was reported in 1% of branches. Forty-six patients (17%) died during follow-up, nine (3%) of them owing to aortic-related causes. Primary patency rates at 1, 2, and 3 years were 99% (581/587), 99% (404/411), and 97% (272/279), respectively. Branch instability was associated with patient-specific devices (9% vs 4%; P = .014) and intrastent adjunctive stent placement (12% vs 2%; P = .003), especially when a bare metal balloon-expandable stent was used (25% vs 3%; P < .001). Conclusions: The use of this new self-expanding covered stent mated with branched endografts proved to be safe and feasible with high technical procedural success rates. Low rates of branch instability were observed at midterm follow-up. Comparative studies with other commercially available covered stents are warranted
Development and Preliminary Clinical Activity of PD-1-Guided CTLA-4 Blocking Bispecific DART Molecule.
Combination immunotherapy with antibodies directed against PD-1 and CTLA-4 shows improved clinical benefit across cancer indications compared to single agents, albeit with increased toxicity. Leveraging the observation that PD-1 and CTLA-4 are co-expressed by tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, an investigational PD-1 x CTLA-4 bispecific DART molecule, MGD019, is engineered to maximize checkpoint blockade in the tumor microenvironment via enhanced CTLA-4 blockade in a PD-1-binding-dependent manner
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