DETERMINATION OF SOLUBLE HUMIC SUBSTANCES (HUMIC ACID, FULVIC ACID & SALTS) IN WATER BY UV-VISIBLE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY

Wang, MHS, Wang, LK, Wu, BC and Hu, GY (2022). Determination of humic substances (humic acid, fulvic acid & salts) in water by UV-visible spectrophotometry. In: "Environmental Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM)", Wang, LK, Wang, MHS, and Pankivskyi, YI (editors). Volume 2022, Number 4B, April 2022; pp.33. Lenox Institute Press, MA, USA. 10.17613/g0e5-wr96 ..........ABSTRACT: An analytical procedure has been developed for quantitative determination of soluble humic substances which are common agricultural and gardening products. The residual of soluble humic substances in surface water become the undesirable trihalomethane (THM) precursors to people and chronic toxic substances to aquatic plants and animals. Removal and analysis of soluble humic substances are important tasks of environmental researchers. The principle of humic substances is similar to that of tannin and lignin analysis except that the two analytical methods use different analytical instruments. The principle is that soluble humic substances, such as humic acid, fulvic acid and their salts, reduce the tungstophosphoric and molybdophosphoric acids to produce a grayish color up to at least 20 mg/L at UV wavelength 265-400 nm. The grayish color substance can be quantitatively measured with a UV-Visible Spectrophotometer. This publication is one of the authors' memoirs

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis

Search for supersymmetry in events with one lepton and multiple jets in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

Peer reviewe

Search for anomalous couplings in boosted WW/WZ -> l nu q(q)over-bar production in proton-proton collisions at root s=8TeV

Peer reviewe

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

Search for electroweak production of charginos and neutralinos in multilepton final states in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

Results are presented from a search for the direct electroweak production of charginos and neutralinos in signatures with either two or more leptons (electrons or muons) of the same electric charge, or with three or more leptons, which can include up to two hadronically decaying tau leptons. The results are based on a sample of protonproton collision data collected at p s = 13TeV, recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb1. The observed event yields are consistent with the expectations based on the standard model. The results are interpreted in simpli ed models of supersymmetry describing various scenarios for the production and decay of charginos and neutralinos. Depending on the model parameters chosen, mass values between 180GeV and 1150 GeV are excluded at 95% CL. These results signi cantly extend the parameter space probed for these particles in searches at the LHC. In addition, results are presented in a form suitable for alternative theoretical interpretations.Sponsoring Consortium for Open Access Publishing in Particle Physic

Investigating the Role of BRASSIKIN1 (BKN1) in the Compatible Pollen-stigma Interactions in Arabidopsis Species

The basal compatible pollen response pathway in the stigma is initiated upon recognition of compatible pollen. A previous attempt to identify candidate genes in this signal transduction pathway led to the discovery of two tandemly-linked genes that encode pseudokinases, BRASSIKIN1 (BKN1) and BKN2. Interestingly, Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 is predicted to encode a truncated BKN1, but A. thaliana Hh-0 and Arabidopsis lyrata BKN1 genes encode full length proteins. The A. thaliana bkn2 mutant in the Col-0 accession showed a mild pollen hydration defect when wild-type pollen was placed on the mutant stigmas, and the bkn1-bkn2 double mutant did not show additional defects. To further understand the role of BKN1 in the compatible pollen pathway, BKN1 cDNAs from A. lyrata and A. thaliana Hh-0 were used to complement the bkn1-3 bkn2-5 mutant. Additionally, BKN1 deletions were generated in the A. thaliana Hh-0 accession with the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Results show that BKN1 complementation restored the minor pollen hydration defects when wild-type pollen was placed on stigmas from the complementation lines, and no significant fertility defect was seen in A. thaliana Hh-0 bkn1 mutants, both results suggesting the functional redundancy between BKN1 and BKN2.M.Sc

Additional file 1 of MCT4-dependent lactate transport: a novel mechanism for cardiac energy metabolism injury and inflammation in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Additional file 1: Figure S1. A: GSEA enrichment analysis of DEGs in Leprdb vs. m Leprdb mice. B: CIBERSORT immune infiltration assessment of heart tissue in Leprdb vs. m Leprdb mice. C: PPI network and hub genes. D: Western blot analysis and quantification of MCT4 in the plasma membrane components of heart tissue in Leprdb vs. m Leprdb mice. Figure S2. A: Representative diagram of Λψm (mitochondrial membrane potential) in H9C2 cells treated with PA. B: Fold change of pyruvate in H9C2 whole cell lysates after time-dependent PA stimulation. C: Western blot analysis and quantification of MCT4 in the plasma membrane components of H9C2 cells after time-dependent PA stimulation. D: Fold change in whole-cell abundances of pyruvate in H9C2 treated with PA and/or VB124. E: Fold change in mitochondrial pool abundances of pyruvate in H9C2 treated with PA and/or VB124. F: Fold change in whole-cell abundances of lactic acid in H9C2 treated with PA and/or MCT4 knock-down (KD). G: Fold change in whole-cell abundances of pyruvate in H9C2 treated with PA and/or MCT4 KD. H: Fold change in mitochondrial pool abundances of pyruvate in H9C2 treated with PA and/or MCT4 KD. I: Fold change in cell supernatant abundances of lactic acid in H9C2 treated with PA and/or MCT4 KD. J: Representative diagram and quantification of ROS in H9C2 cells treated with PA and/or MCT4 KD. K: Representative diagram of MitoSOX in PMCM and H9C2 cells treated with PA and/or VB124. L: Representative diagram and quantification of Λψm in H9C2 cells treated with PA and/or MCT4 KD. M: Fold change of ATP content in H9C2 treated with PA and/or MCT4 KD. Figure S3. A: Representative diagram and quantification of BNP in H9C2 cells treated with PA and/or MCT4 KD. B: Anp and Bnp mRNA expression in H9C2 cells treated with PA and/or MCT4 KD. C: Representative diagram and quantification of length–width ratio in H9C2 cells treated with PA and/or VB124. D: Representative diagram and quantification of Annexin-V positive apoptosis cells in H9C2 treated with PA and/or VB124. E: mRNA expression of Il-1β, Il-6, Il-18, Ccl2 and Tnf-α in H9C2 cells treated with PA and/or MCT4 KD. Figure S4. RAW 264.7 and H9C2 (pre-treated with PA and/or MCT4 KD) were cocultured for 24 h for A–C. A: Representative diagram and quantification of migrated RAW 264.7 cells stained with crystal violet. B: mRNA expression of Il-1β and Tnf-α in coculture RAW 264.7. C: mRNA expression of iNOS, Hif-1α, Il-1β, and Tnf-α in coculture RAW 264.7. D: Representative diagram and quantification of ARG-1 and iNOS in RAW 264.7 treated with PA and/or LAC. E: Fold change in whole-cell abundances of lactic acid in RAW 264.7 treated with PA and/or LAC. F: mRNA expression of Il-6 and Il-18 in RAW 264.7 treated with PA and/or LAC. Figure S5. A: Representative diagram of heart oil-drop deposition in mice. B: Representative diagram and quantification of heart ROS and mitochondria dsDNA/total cytoplasmic dsDNA in mice. C: mRNA expression of cardiac Il-6 and Il-18 in mice. D: Representative diagram and quantification of heart IL-1β positive macrophage (%) in mice. *Leprdb compared to m Leprdb, #Leprdb + VB124 compared to Leprdb

An RNA thermoswitch regulates daytime growth in Arabidopsis.

Temperature is a major environmental cue affecting plant growth and development. Plants often experience higher temperatures in the context of a 24 h day-night cycle, with temperatures peaking in the middle of the day. Here, we find that the transcript encoding the bHLH transcription factor PIF7 undergoes a direct increase in translation in response to warmer temperature. Diurnal expression of PIF7 transcript gates this response, allowing PIF7 protein to quickly accumulate in response to warm daytime temperature. Enhanced PIF7 protein levels directly activate the thermomorphogenesis pathway by inducing the transcription of key genes such as the auxin biosynthetic gene YUCCA8, and are necessary for thermomorphogenesis to occur under warm cycling daytime temperatures. The temperature-dependent translational enhancement of PIF7 messenger RNA is mediated by the formation of an RNA hairpin within its 5' untranslated region, which adopts an alternative conformation at higher temperature, leading to increased protein synthesis. We identified similar hairpin sequences that control translation in additional transcripts including WRKY22 and the key heat shock regulator HSFA2, suggesting that this is a conserved mechanism enabling plants to respond and adapt rapidly to high temperatures