43 research outputs found
Inverse correlation between serum complement component C1q levels and whole blood type-1 interferon signature in active tuberculosis and QuantiFERON-positive uveitis: implications for diagnosis
Objectives
To examine the relation between serum C1q levels and blood type‐1 interferon signature (type‐1 IFN signature) in active pulmonary tuberculosis (APTB) and to determine whether combined measurement of serum C1q and type‐1 IFN signature may add to the diagnosis of QuantiFERON‐positive (QFT+) patients with uveitis of unknown cause.
Methods
C1q was determined (ELISA) in serum from two distinct Indonesian cohorts, and in total, APTB (n = 72), QFT+ uveitis of unknown aetiology (n = 58), QFT− uveitis (n = 51) patients and healthy controls (HC; n = 73) were included. The type‐1 IFN signature scores were previously determined.
Results
Serum C1q was higher in APTB than HC (P < 0.001). APTB patients with uveitis had higher serum C1q than APTB patients without uveitis (P = 0.0207). Serum C1q correlated inversely with type‐1 IFN signature scores in APTB (P = 0.0036, r2 = 0.3526), revealing that these biomarkers for active TB disease can be mutually exclusive. Stratification of QFT+ patients with uveitis of unknown cause, by serum C1q and type‐1 IFN signature, yielded four groups with different likelihood of suffering from active TB uveitis.
Conclusion
Serum C1q is elevated in APTB, e
Denial of long-term issues with agriculture on tropical peatlands will have devastating consequences
Non peer reviewe
Target and double spin asymmetries of deeply virtual pi(0) production with a longitudinally polarized proton target and CLAS
The target and double spin asymmetries of the exclusive pseudoscalar channel
were measured for the first time in the
deep-inelastic regime using a longitudinally polarized 5.9 GeV electron beam
and a longitudinally polarized proton target at Jefferson Lab with the CEBAF
Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS). The data were collected over a large
kinematic phase space and divided into 110 four-dimensional bins of ,
, and . Large values of asymmetry moments clearly indicate a
substantial contribution to the polarized structure functions from transverse
virtual photon amplitudes. The interpretation of experimental data in terms of
generalized parton distributions (GPDs) provides the first insight on the
chiral-odd GPDs and , and complement previous measurements
of unpolarized structure functions sensitive to the GPDs and .
These data provide necessary constraints for chiral-odd GPD parametrizations
and will strongly influence existing theoretical handbag models
Colorectal liver metastases: Surgery versus thermal ablation (COLLISION) - a phase III single-blind prospective randomized controlled trial
Background: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation (MWA) are widely accepted techniques to eliminate small unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Although previous studies labelled thermal ablation inferior to surgical resection, the apparent selection bias when comparing patients with unresectable disease to surgical candidates, the superior safety profile, and the competitive overall survival results for the more recent reports mandate the setup of a randomized controlled trial. The objective of the COLLISION trial is to prove non-inferiority of thermal ablation compared to hepatic resection in patients with at least one resectable and ablatable CRLM and no extrahepatic disease. Methods: In this two-arm, single-blind multi-center phase-III clinical trial, six hundred and eighteen patients with at least one CRLM (≤3cm) will be included to undergo either surgical resection or thermal ablation of appointed target lesion(s) (≤3cm). Primary endpoint is OS (overall survival, intention-to-treat analysis). Main secondary endpoints are overall disease-free survival (DFS), time to progression (TTP), time to local progression (TTLP), primary and assisted technique efficacy (PTE, ATE), procedural morbidity and mortality, length of hospital stay, assessment of pain and quality of life (QoL), cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) and quality-adjusted life years (QALY). Discussion: If thermal ablation proves to be non-inferior in treating lesions ≤3cm, a switch in treatment-method may lead to a reduction of the post-procedural morbidity and mortality, length of hospital stay and incremental costs without compromising oncological outcome for patients with CRLM. Trial registration:NCT03088150 , January 11th 2017
First measurement of the helicity asymmetry E in eta photoproduction on the proton
Results are presented for the first measurement of the double-polarization
helicity asymmetry E for the photoproduction reaction . Data were obtained using the FROzen Spin Target (FROST)
with the CLAS spectrometer in Hall B at Jefferson Lab, covering a range of
center-of-mass energy W from threshold to 2.15 GeV and a large range in
center-of-mass polar angle. As an initial application of these data, the
results have been incorporated into the J\"ulich model to examine the case for
the existence of a narrow resonance between 1.66 and 1.70 GeV. The
addition of these data to the world database results in marked changes in the
predictions for the E observable using that model. Further comparison with
several theoretical approaches indicates these data will significantly enhance
our understanding of nucleon resonances
First measurement of the polarization observable E in the p→(γ→,π<sup>+</sup>)n reaction up to 2.25 GeV
First results from the longitudinally polarized frozen-spin target (FROST)
program are reported. The double-polarization observable E, for the reaction
, has been measured using a circularly polarized
tagged-photon beam, with energies from 0.35 to 2.37 GeV. The final-state pions
were detected with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer in Hall B at the
Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. These polarization data agree
fairly well with previous partial-wave analyses at low photon energies. Over
much of the covered energy range, however, significant deviations are observed,
particularly in the high-energy region where high-L multipoles contribute. The
data have been included in new multipole analyses resulting in updated nucleon
resonance parameters. We report updated fits from the Bonn-Gatchina, J\"ulich,
and SAID groups.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure
Semi-inclusive pi(0) target and beam-target asymmetries from 6 GeV electron scattering with CLAS
We present precision measurements of the target and beam-target spin
asymmetries from neutral pion electroproduction in deep-inelastic scattering
(DIS) using the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) at Jefferson Lab. We
scattered 6-GeV, longitudinally polarized electrons off longitudinally
polarized protons in a cryogenic NH target, and extracted double and
single target spin asymmetries for in
multidimensional bins in four-momentum transfer ( GeV),
Bjorken- (), hadron energy fraction (), transverse
pion momentum ( GeV), and azimuthal angle between the
lepton scattering and hadron production planes. We extracted asymmetries as a
function of both and , which provide access to transverse-momentum
distributions of longitudinally polarized quarks. The double spin asymmetries
depend weakly on . The moments are zero within
uncertainties, which is consistent with the expected suppression of the Collins
fragmentation function. The observed moments suggest that quark
gluon correlations are significant at large .Comment: 18 preprint pages, 3 figure
Differential role of NK cells against Candida albicans infection in immunocompetent or immunocompromised mice
Item does not contain fulltextLittle is known regarding the role of NK cells during primary and secondary disseminated Candida albicans infection. We assessed the role of NK cells for host defense against candidiasis in immunocompetent, as well as immunodeficient, hosts. Surprisingly, depletion of NK cells in immunocompetent WT mice did not increase susceptibility to systemic candidiasis, suggesting that NK cells are redundant for antifungal defense in otherwise immunocompetent hosts. NK-cell-depleted mice were found to be protected as a consequence of attenuation of systemic inflammation. In contrast, the absence of NK cells in T/B/NK-cell-deficient NSG (NOD SCID gamma) mice led to an increased susceptibility to both primary and secondary systemic C. albicans infections compared with T/B-cell-deficient SCID mice. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that NK cells are an essential and nonredundant component of anti-C. albicans host defense in immunosuppressed hosts with defective T/B-lymphocyte immunity, while contributing to hyperinflammation in immunocompetent hosts. The discovery of the importance of NK cells in hosts with severe defects of adaptive immunity might have important consequences for the design of adjunctive immunotherapeutic approaches in systemic C. albicans infections targeting NK-cell function
The role of Toll-like receptor 10 in modulation of trained immunity
Contains fulltext :
218322.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)Toll-like receptor 10 (TLR10) is the only member of the human Toll-like receptor family with an inhibitory function on the induction of innate immune responses and inflammation. However, its role in the modulation of trained immunity (innate immune memory) is unknown. In the present study, we assessed whether TLR10 modulates the induction of trained immunity induced by beta-glucan or bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). Interleukin 10 receptor antagonist production was increased upon activation of TLR10 ex vivo after BCG vaccination, and TLR10 protein expression on monocytes was increased after BCG vaccination, whereas anti-TLR10 antibodies did not significantly modulate beta-glucan or BCG-induced trained immunity in vitro. A known immunomodulatory TLR10 missense single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs11096957) influenced trained immunity responses by beta-glucan or BCG in vitro. However, the in vivo induction of trained immunity by BCG vaccination was not influenced by TLR10 polymorphisms. In conclusion, TLR10 has a limited, non-essential impact on the induction of trained immunity in humans