The impact of pregnancy on a woman's health - stress urinary incontinence

Introduction: Urinary incontinence is an embarrassing problem that affects more and more women. The most common type of incontinene in women is stress urinary incontinence, which is defined as the involuntary loss of urine caused by an abnormal closure of the urethra. It happens most often during exercise, coughing or sneezing. The problem of urinary incontinence is extremely important due to the accompanying impact on the psyche of women. It causes a disturbance of self-esteem and is often a cause of embarrassment before visiting a doctor. Results: The pathogenesis of urine loss is multifactorial, but in recent times a lot of blame has been placed on the changes taking place in the body during pregnancy and childbirth. Childbirth weakens the pelvic floor muscles, causing temporary or permanent urine loss. The diagnosis of urinary incontinence is based on the basis of a carefully collected medical history, physical examination and additional tests. Conclusion: Physiotherapeutic procedures, pharmacological treatment and surgical treatment are used as a therapeutic procedures. Prophylactic pelvic floor muscle exercises also play an important role. The most popular treatment for stress urinary incontinence is physiotherapy, including Kegel exercises. The awareness of women about the problem of urinary incontinence should be increased to prevent them from limiting their daily activities and deteriorating sexual activity.

Multiparameter quantum sensing and magnetic communications with a hybrid dc and rf optically pumped magnetometer

We introduce and demonstrate a hybrid optically pumped magnetometer (HOPM) that simultaneously measures one dc field component and one rf field component quadrature with a single atomic spin ensemble. The HOPM achieves sub-pT/$\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$ sensitivity for both dc and rf fields, and is limited in sensitivity by spin projection noise at low frequencies and by photon shot noise at high frequencies. We demonstrate with the HOPM a new application of multiparameter quantum sensing: background-cancelling spread spectrum magnetic communication. We encode a digital message as rf amplitude, spread among sixteen channels from \SI{29}{\kilo\hertz} to \SI{33}{\kilo\hertz} in a noisy magnetic environment, and observe quantum-noise-limited rf magnetic signal recovery enabled by quantum-noise-limited dc noise cancellation, reaching noise rejection of \SI{15}{\decibel} at \SI{100}{\hertz} and more than \SI{20}{\decibel} at \SI{60}{\hertz} and below. We measure signal fidelity versus signal strength and extrinsic noise in communication of a short text message. The combination of high sensitivity, quantum-noise-limited performance, and real-world application potential makes the HOPM ideally suited for study of high-performance multiparameter quantum sensing.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure

Physical rehabilitation after hip joint dislocation in the elderly

Introduction: Hip joint injuries often have complex and multifactorial causes. Therefore it is so important to apply a properly adjusted physical therapy to each patient. It is especially important in case of older people, where in addition to regular force based trauma, there may exist a number of degenerative changes to the hip joint associated with the aging of the body. Aim The aim of this article is to review the available hip joint injury physical rehabilitation methods, including the newest physical rehabilitation trends. An assesment of the effectiveness of the discussed rehabilitation methods is also carried out in this paper. Material and methods: Articles in the EBSCO database have been analysed using keywords: injuries of the hip joints, dislocation of the hip joint, modern methods of rehabilitation, older people. Results: The most common type of hip injuries in elderly patients are proximal femur fracture, trochanteric fracture and femoral neck fracture. In case of such fractures the main choice is usually surgical treatment, therefore it is important to start the rehabilitation process as soon as possible to allow for a quick recovery of the joint. Anticoagulant therapy is introduced within the first 24 hours after the surgery. Verticalization and learning to walk is introduced in the following days, where it is crucial to strengthen the muscles. In later stages exercises with partial and full weighing of the limb can be introduced. Physical exercise therapy is proven to be effective in returning the geriatric patient to full mobility or improving his locomotor functions. Physiotherapy, i.e. hydrotherapy, balneotherapy, magnetotherapy, thermotherapy and laser therapy, can also be introduced for faster tissue regeneration and pain relief. An important element of the post-operative stage is educating the patient about post-hospital life, i.e. principles of safe behavior at home, his limitations and the gradual introduction of physical activity. Conclusions: The hip joint through its location, structure and function is one of the most common locations of degenerative changes and injuries in the overall population. It is particularly important in elderly people, due to degenerative changes associated with the aging of the body. Rehabilitation after hip injuries should be started as soon as possible after its occurrence. It is important to remember that geriatric patients are specific, due to various limitations, i.e. multimorbidity, polipharmacotherapy, frailty, deafness, amblyopia, sarcopenia and others. Therefore it is necessary to personalise rehabilitation process to best fit to each patient

Potential applications of virtual reality devices in older people. Narrative review

Introduction Many of the non-pharmacological therapeutic interventions such as physical and mental exercises are focused on some of the dimensions of human cognition only. Therefore, methods involving immersion in VR (VR) might presumably belong to the more effective treatment methods. VR is a rapidly evolving technology, which is successfully and increasingly present in various branches, including medicine. Despite its increasing popularity for many people it is still new and unexplored, which leads to negative opinions and unwillingness to use in geriatric population. Therefore, the main purpose of this article is to describe application of virtual reality and new technologies devices in geriatrics. Material and methods Articles in the EBSCO database were analyzed using keywords: virtual reality, frailty, pain, phobias, stroke rehabilitation, adverse effects. Available literature has been subjectively selected. Results Researches with applications of virtual reality techniques in sarcopenia and frailty, phobias, stroke rehabilitation, pain therapy were described. Moreover, potential adverse effects were discussed. Conclusions An overview of the research results in this area indicates that the virtual reality, possibly could be applied in mental and physical training in the cases of both physiological aging and various disorders. At the same time, the disadvantages and potential adverse effects have been pointed out. Further studies on application of VR in older people should be conducted to determine its effectiveness in various clinical and nonclinical settings

Sarcopenia as a problem of old age - a form of rehabilitation

Background: Sarkopenia as a disease has relatively recently become the object of research and the work of the academic community. Despite this, sarcopenia is an increasingly serious social problem, it can be seen in a large number of statistics and epidemiological studies. Among geriatric patients, along with their multiformity and the associated use of a large amount of medicines, it causes many negative effects related to the functioning of the whole organism as well as the quality of life of the patient himself. Material and methods: Analysis of available literature, articles in the Google Scholar and PubMed database using keywords: sarcopenia, geriatrics, rehabilitation, loss of muscle mass. Results: Among the studies and recommendations concerning sarcopenia, a continuous lack of clear, transparent and confirmed diagnostic criteria can be stated. At the diagnosis of this disease, an X-ray or a bioelectrical impedance analysis is used. Other methods used are functional tests, including a six-minute walk test or "Timed-Up and Go" test (TUG). In the case of rehabilitation of people with sarcopenia, the most effective form of kinesitherapy is individually selected resistive training, which has a positive effect not only on muscle mass growth, but also the body's protein metabolism and the improvement of the endocrine system. Physiotherapy is the most commonly used method of physical therapy, among other methods of rehabilitation there are also therapeutic massage, aqua aerobics, vibratory training, and Nordic Walking and diet supplementation. Conclusions: Sarcopenia in geriatric patients, especially with ineffective treatment and rehabilitation, has a destructive impact on both the physical and mental sphere of the patient. There is a great need for more extensive research, both on the whole disease process and the effectiveness of forms of assistance to patients

COVID-19 — przebieg kliniczny u pacjentki przewlekle hemodializowanej — opis przypadku i przegląd piśmiennictwa

In Poland over 21,000 patients are treated with renalreplacement therapy by hemodialysis; in the PomeranianVoivodeship over 1,300 people. During the halfyear of the COVID-19 pandemic, only one patientchronically hemodialysed in the Pomeranian Voivodeshipconfirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. The patientwas admitted to the hospital dedicated to patientsinfected with SARS-CoV-2, where hemodialysis wascontinued. Hospitalization lasted 35 days, the patientwas discharged after obtaining 3 negative results RT--PCR SARS-CoV-2. The article describes the clinicalcourse of the infection and reviews the literature.W Polsce ponad 21 000 chorych jest leczonych nerkozastępczo metodą hemodializy; w województwie pomorskim jest to ponad 1300 osób. Przez pół roku trwania pandemii COVID-19 zakażenie SARS- -CoV-2 potwierdzono tylko u jednej pacjentki przewlekle hemodializowanej w województwie pomorskim. Chora została przyjęta do jednoimiennego szpitala zakaźnego, gdzie kontynuowano zabiegi hemodializy. Hospitalizacja trwała 35 dób, chorą wypisano po uzyskaniu 3 ujemnych wyników testu RT-PCR SARS- -CoV-2. W artykule opisano przebieg kliniczny zakażenia i dokonano przeglądu piśmiennictwa

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis

Measurement of the top quark mass using charged particles in pp collisions at root s=8 TeV

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Measurement of t(t)over-bar normalised multi-differential cross sections in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV, and simultaneous determination of the strong coupling strength, top quark pole mass, and parton distribution functions

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Search for supersymmetry in events with one lepton and multiple jets in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

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