STRESS MANAGEMENT IN TAKING TESTS: THE ROLE OF EFL LEARNERS' STRESS COPING STRATEGIES IN THEIR TEST ANXIETY AND TEST-TAKING STRATEGIES

The purpose of the current study was to examine the effectiveness of some strategies (stress coping and test-taking strategies) in diminishing Iranian EFL learners’ test anxiety. The sample consisted of 152 adult participants, 48 males and 104 females aged 20 to 35 with Persian as their first language. The instruments used in this study consisted of three questionnaires, the coping inventory for stressful situations (CISS), test anxiety questionnaire, and test taking strategy questionnaire. The results of path analysis demonstrated that among the coping strategies, task (β= .35, t= 5.00) and avoidance (β= .32, t= 4.32) are positive predictors of test-taking strategies and emotion negatively predicted test-taking strategies (β= -.21, t=  -3.26). Test anxiety is influenced by task (β= -.17, t= -2.18) and avoidance (β=- .33, t= -4.25) negatively and positively by emotion (β= .23, t= 3.43). It was also found that test-taking strategies and test anxiety are negatively associated (β= -.25, t= -3.17). In addition, results of independent sample t-test showed that there is a significant difference between male and female students with respect to stress coping strategies, test taking strategies, and test anxiety. Finally, the findings were discussed with reference to the context of Iran.  Article visualizations

Investigation of diabetes prevention behaviors among teachers of different level of education based on Pender model in selected educational centers in southwestern Iran, 2019

Introduction: Diabetes is a metabolic disorder groupreferred as a “silent epidemic”. Teachers’ justification attraining courses and explaining health promoting behaviorsto students can develop these behaviors to the communityand improve the health status of the general publicin the long term. Therefore, by examining the healthpromotingbehaviors in this community playing the mostimportant role in promoting knowledge, we can take stepsto enhance the level of public health in diabetic people.Methodology: This research is a retrospective cross-sectionalstudy in which 200 teachers of different levels ofeducation in southwestern of Iran participated. The PenderHealth Promotion Model Questionnaire was used to collectinformation.Results: 108 (54%) of participants were male and 92 (46%)of them were female. Their mean age was 39.95±7.25.The highest score of the questionnaire among these behaviorsbelonged to spiritual growth (24.81) and the lowestscore (13.13) belonged to interpersonal relationship.Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the necessityof interventions, especially with an emphasis on physicalactivity and interpersonal relationships among teachersis necessary. Appropriate planning and application of themin eliminating the barriers, development and expansion offacilities, encouragement of people through health educationcan be the appropriate interventions in this regard

Comparative effects of Er:YAG laser, and EDTA, MTAD, and QMix irrigants on adhesion of stem cells from the apical papilla to dentin : a scanning electron microscopic study

Dentin conditioning can affect the adhesion of stem cells in endodontic regenerative treatments. This study aimed to assess the effects of the most commonly used endodontic irrigants, namely, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), MTAD, and QMix in comp

Investigation of metabonomics technique by analyze of NMR data, which method is better? Mean center or auto scale?

The factors such as disease can disrupt homeostasis, resulting in perturbations of endogenous biochemicals that are involved in key metabolic profiles. Metabonomics is useful technique to quantitative description of endogenous metabolites present in a biological sample such as urine, plasma and tissue. High resolution 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabonomics is a technique used to analyze and interpret multivariate metabolic data that correlate with changes of physiological conditions. Before any explanation for metabolite data, preprocessing the spectroscopic data is essential. In this paper, we show scaling effects in metabonomics investigation of patients diagnosed with Crohn's and Celiac disease. two techniques of scaling were applied as follows: mean centering and auto scaling. Results reveal that the mean centering is more useful to segregate patients from healthy subjects in the data set of Crohn's and Celiac disease

Circulating and Endometrial Profiles of miR-145, miR-155-5p, miR-224, MPP-5, and PECAM-1 Expression in Patients with Repeated Implantation Failure: A Case Control Study

Objective: An association between microRNAs (miRNAs) and adhesion proteins expression with repeated implantationfailure (RIF) has been recently reported; however, these findings are controversial. This study aims to evaluatethe endometrial and circulating expressions of miR-145, miR-155-5p, and miR-224 in addition to the endometrialexpressions of membrane protein palmitoylated-5 (MPP-5) and endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) inpatients with RIF compared to control subjects.Materials and Methods: This case-control study was carried out between June 2021-July 2022. Subjects included 17patients with RIF and 17 control subjects, who had previous spontaneous term pregnancy with a live birth, who referredto the Medical Centre of Arash Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Endometrial tissue samples were obtained via hysteroscopyand Pipelle catheter in the RIF and control subjects, respectively. Plasma samples were collected after ovulationin all subjects. The expression levels of MPP5, PECAM-1, miR-224, miR-145, and miR-155-5p were evaluated byquantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The student’s t test, chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, andanalysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were used for data analyses.Results: RIF patients had less endometrial miR-155-5p expression, and higher endometrial and circulating expressions ofmiR-145 and miR-224 compared to control subjects. Endometrial PECAM-1 and MPP5 expression significantly decreased inpatients with RIF compared to the control group. There was a positive correlation between circulating miR-224 and endometrialmiR-155-5p, and between circulating miR-155-5p and endometrial PECAM-1 expression levels in patients with RIF.Conclusion: The present study suggests that circulating miR-224, endometrial miR-145, and PECAM-1 can bereliable, novel biomarkers for diagnosis of RIF

Gluten sensitivity enteropathy in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Gluten sensitive enteropathy (GSE) is an autoimmune enteropathy triggered by the ingestion of gluten-containing grains in susceptible individuals. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) may be the sole manifestation of GSE. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of gluten sensitivity enteropathy (GSE) in a large group of patients with RAS and assess the efficacy of gluten free diet (GFD) on the improvement of aphthous lesions in those who were diagnosed with GSE.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Two hundred and forty seven patients with RAS were included. The patients had at least three aphthous attacks per year. Patients were screened by IgA anti-endomysial antibody (EMA), IgA anti tissue transglutaminase (TTG) and serum IgA level. Those with a positive serology underwent endoscopic biopsies of the duodenal mucosa and patients with negative serology were excluded. The diagnosis of GSE was based on a positive serological test and abnormal duodenal histology. For patients with GSE, gluten free diet was recommended.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Six out of 247 RAS patients had positive TTG test alone, and one had positive EMA and TTG. All 7 patients with positive serologic tests underwent duodenal biopsies. Histological findings were compatible with GSE in all of them (Marsh I in four patients, Marsh II in two patients and Marsh IIIB in one another.). The mean age of GSE patients was 27.42 ± 10.56 (range, 13 to 40) years old. They were suffering from RAS for an average duration of 4.5 years. All of the 7 GSE patients had not responded to the routine anti-aphthae medications, including topical corticosteroids, tetracycline and colchicine. Four patients who adhered to a strict gluten-free diet showed noticeable improvement in their aphthous lesions over a period of 6 months.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>A significant minority (e.g. 2.83%) of RAS patients have GSE. This could be compared with the 0.9% prevalence of GSE in the general population of Iran. This study suggests that evaluation for celiac disease is appropriate in patients with RAS. Additionally, the unresponsiveness to conventional anti-aphthae treatment could be an additional risk indicator.</p

Mapping local patterns of childhood overweight and wasting in low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2017

A double burden of malnutrition occurs when individuals, household members or communities experience both undernutrition and overweight. Here, we show geospatial estimates of overweight and wasting prevalence among children under 5 years of age in 105 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) from 2000 to 2017 and aggregate these to policy-relevant administrative units. Wasting decreased overall across LMICs between 2000 and 2017, from 8.4% (62.3 (55.1–70.8) million) to 6.4% (58.3 (47.6–70.7) million), but is predicted to remain above the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target of <5% in over half of LMICs by 2025. Prevalence of overweight increased from 5.2% (30 (22.8–38.5) million) in 2000 to 6.0% (55.5 (44.8–67.9) million) children aged under 5 years in 2017. Areas most affected by double burden of malnutrition were located in Indonesia, Thailand, southeastern China, Botswana, Cameroon and central Nigeria. Our estimates provide a new perspective to researchers, policy makers and public health agencies in their efforts to address this global childhood syndemic

Agritourism as a multiplier factor for the development of Iran's rural communities: a mixed-method model to present consistent scenarios

International audienc

Investigation of diabetes prevention behaviors among teachers of different level of education based on Pender model in selected educational centers in southwestern Iran, 2019

Introduction: Diabetes is a metabolic disorder groupreferred as a &ldquo;silent epidemic&rdquo;. Teachers&rsquo; justification attraining courses and explaining health promoting behaviorsto students can develop these behaviors to the communityand improve the health status of the general publicin the long term. Therefore, by examining the healthpromotingbehaviors in this community playing the mostimportant role in promoting knowledge, we can take stepsto enhance the level of public health in diabetic people.Methodology: This research is a retrospective cross-sectionalstudy in which 200 teachers of different levels ofeducation in southwestern of Iran participated. The PenderHealth Promotion Model Questionnaire was used to collectinformation.Results: 108 (54%) of participants were male and 92 (46%)of them were female. Their mean age was 39.95&plusmn;7.25.The highest score of the questionnaire among these behaviorsbelonged to spiritual growth (24.81) and the lowestscore (13.13) belonged to interpersonal relationship.Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the necessityof interventions, especially with an emphasis on physicalactivity and interpersonal relationships among teachersis necessary. Appropriate planning and application of themin eliminating the barriers, development and expansion offacilities, encouragement of people through health educationcan be the appropriate interventions in this regard

Comparison of Liquid Tissue Adhesive and Suture in Pediatric Wound Repair; a Case Control study

Introduction: An ideal method for wound closure is one that is rapid, easy, safe, inexpensive, and pain-free with minimal infection and most importantly has minimum effect on the cosmetic issues. Therefore, this study was designed with the aim of evaluating the outcome of wound repair with liquid tissue adhesive agent and suture in pediatric traumatic wound repair. Methods: In this case-control study, 1 to 14 year-old children admitted to emergency department following traumatic injuries in need of wound closure via either suture or liquid tissue adhesive, were compared regarding speed of performance, rate of satisfaction in patient and the parents, rate of inflammation, pain and rate of wound closure on the 4th day as well as beauty results in the 6th month after wound repair. Data were analyzed via SPSS 20 and p&lt;0.05 was considered as significance level. Results: 100 children with the mean age of 7.84 ± 3.33 years were evaluated (61% male). The 2 study groups were in the same condition regarding age, sex, and wound location; however, they were significantly different regarding wound shape (p &lt; 0.0001), length (p = 0.037) and depth (p &lt; 0.0001). Patient satisfaction (p &lt; 0.0001) and parent satisfaction (p = 0.017) in addition to rate of procedure performance (p &lt; 0.0001) were higher in cases of using adhesive. Regarding 6-month beauty outcome no significant difference was detected between the 2 groups (p = 0.463). Meanwhile, inflammation, pain and wound closure on the 4th day after repair was in better condition in the adhesive group. The results of sub-group analysis of the 2 study groups based on depth showed that the difference between the groups regarding pain (p = 0.756) and inflammation (p = 0.422) on the 4th day was not significant in cases with low depth (2-4 mm). Based on multivariate analysis, the only independent factor affecting better 4-day outcome of the patients was wound depth (p = 0.004) and in this model, closure type was removed from the final model. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, liquid tissue adhesive was superior to suture regarding speed of repair performance and satisfaction of the patients and the parents. Liquid tissue adhesive was accompanied by less inflammation and pain and higher probability of complete wound closure on the 4th day after repair. Regarding beauty, no significant difference was seen between the 2 mentioned methods