Diseño de la cadena de suministro agroalimentaria de la berenjena en Córdoba-Colombia mediante la integración del modelo SCOR y el enfoque de optimización /

El presente trabajo es una apuesta al reto que implica la explotación sostenible de la tierra y la seguridad alimentaria, dada la fuerte presión que se ejerce sobre la agricultura para aumentar la producción de alimentos, bienes industriales y biocombustibles, debido a que desarrolla principios del Supply Chain Management (SCM) en el diseño de cadenas de suministro agroalimentarias. El diseño de las cadenas de suministro agroalimentarias (Agrifood Supply Chain) se define principalmente por los intereses de los agentes que las conforman, y en este sentido, los intereses deben dirigirse hacia la distribución equitativa y justa de los rendimientos que deja el flujo eficiente de materias primas agropecuarias, productos procesados e información a lo largo de la cadena de valor. Sin embargo, en los países vía de desarrollo esta condición no se cumple, puesto que los eslabones encargados de la comercialización y transformación, generalmente son los más beneficiados, mientras que los pequeños productores agrícolas, asumiendo los mayores riesgos, perciben menos utilidades. Colombia no es la excepción y a esto se suma la situación de rezago del agro colombiano cuya estructura social es débil. En 2015 el 40,3% de la población rural del país estaba en condiciones de pobreza y el 18% en pobreza extrema (DANE 2015). De todos los hogares rurales sólo el 36% cuenta con tierra, y cabe aclarar que esta tenencia se da en cantidades insuficientes para alcanzar un nivel de producción sostenible y de vida adecuado. Mientras el 69,9% de las Unidades Productivas Agropecuarias (UPA) tiene menos de 5 ha y ocupa el 4,8% del área censada, el 0,4% de las UPA tiene 500 ha o más y representa el 40,1% del total del área, según la Encuesta de Calidad de Vida. Lo cual explica la alta concentración de la propiedad en el campo, donde el coeficiente de Gini se mueve entre 0,8 y 0,9 (DNP, 2015).Incluye referencias bibliográfica

Sustainability in the biofuels supply chains design

The challenge of using renewable energy sources means that the produc­tion of biofuels and the design of their supply chains, should be pursue environmental and social benefits beyond the purely economic benefit. In this paper are revised some discussions about the impact of biofuels on sustainability and researching in the biofuel supply chains design of first and second generation via mathematical optimization, to analyze how environmental and social concerns have been considered in this problem. Finally, techniques most used optimization were identified and the review found that the concept of sustainability in the design of biofuel supply chains through modeling, is just beginning.El reto de utilizar fuentes de energía renovables implica que la producción de biocombustibles y el diseño de sus cadenas de suministro persigan beneficios ambientales y sociales, además de los beneficios netamente económicos. En el presente trabajo se revisaron algunas discusiones so­bre los efectos de los biocombustibles en la sostenibilidad y trabajos de investigación que diseñaron cadenas de suministro de biocombustibles de primera y segunda generación mediante la optimización matemática, con el fin de analizar qué preocupaciones de tipo ambiental y social han sido consideradas en este problema. Al final se identificaron las técnicas de optimización más utilizadas y se encontró que la integración del concepto de sostenibilidad en el diseño de cadenas de suministro de biocombustibles a través de la modelación apenas comienza

La sostenibilidad en el diseño de cadenas de suministro de biocombustibles

The challenge of using renewable energy sources means that the produc­tion of biofuels and the design of their supply chains, should be pursue environmental and social benefits beyond the purely economic benefit. In this paper are revised some discussions about the impact of biofuels on sustainability and researching in the biofuel supply chains design of first and second generation via mathematical optimization, to analyze how environmental and social concerns have been considered in this problem. Finally, techniques most used optimization were identified and the review found that the concept of sustainability in the design of biofuel supply chains through modeling, is just beginning. El reto de utilizar fuentes de energía renovables implica que la producción de biocombustibles y el diseño de sus cadenas de suministro persigan beneficios ambientales y sociales, además de los beneficios netamente económicos. En el presente trabajo se revisaron algunas discusiones so­bre los efectos de los biocombustibles en la sostenibilidad y trabajos de investigación que diseñaron cadenas de suministro de biocombustibles de primera y segunda generación mediante la optimización matemática, con el fin de analizar qué preocupaciones de tipo ambiental y social han sido consideradas en este problema. Al final se identificaron las técnicas de optimización más utilizadas y se encontró que la integración del concepto de sostenibilidad en el diseño de cadenas de suministro de biocombustibles a través de la modelación apenas comienza

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis

Measurement of the top quark forward-backward production asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric and chromomagnetic moments in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV

Abstract The parton-level top quark (t) forward-backward asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric (d̂ t) and chromomagnetic (μ̂ t) moments have been measured using LHC pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected in the CMS detector in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The linearized variable AFB(1) is used to approximate the asymmetry. Candidate t t ¯ events decaying to a muon or electron and jets in final states with low and high Lorentz boosts are selected and reconstructed using a fit of the kinematic distributions of the decay products to those expected for t t ¯ final states. The values found for the parameters are AFB(1)=0.048−0.087+0.095(stat)−0.029+0.020(syst),μ̂t=−0.024−0.009+0.013(stat)−0.011+0.016(syst), and a limit is placed on the magnitude of | d̂ t| < 0.03 at 95% confidence level. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Search for Physics beyond the Standard Model in Events with Overlapping Photons and Jets

Results are reported from a search for new particles that decay into a photon and two gluons, in events with jets. Novel jet substructure techniques are developed that allow photons to be identified in an environment densely populated with hadrons. The analyzed proton-proton collision data were collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC, in 2016 at root s = 13 TeV, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1). The spectra of total transverse hadronic energy of candidate events are examined for deviations from the standard model predictions. No statistically significant excess is observed over the expected background. The first cross section limits on new physics processes resulting in such events are set. The results are interpreted as upper limits on the rate of gluino pair production, utilizing a simplified stealth supersymmetry model. The excluded gluino masses extend up to 1.7 TeV, for a neutralino mass of 200 GeV and exceed previous mass constraints set by analyses targeting events with isolated photons.Peer reviewe

Measurement of t(t)over-bar normalised multi-differential cross sections in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV, and simultaneous determination of the strong coupling strength, top quark pole mass, and parton distribution functions

Peer reviewe

Calibration of the CMS hadron calorimeters using proton-proton collision data at root s=13 TeV

Methods are presented for calibrating the hadron calorimeter system of theCMSetector at the LHC. The hadron calorimeters of the CMS experiment are sampling calorimeters of brass and scintillator, and are in the form of one central detector and two endcaps. These calorimeters cover pseudorapidities vertical bar eta vertical bar ee data. The energy scale of the outer calorimeters has been determined with test beam data and is confirmed through data with high transverse momentum jets. In this paper, we present the details of the calibration methods and accuracy.Peer reviewe

Measurement of the Jet Mass Distribution and Top Quark Mass in Hadronic Decays of Boosted Top Quarks in pp Collisions at root s=13 TeV

A measurement is reported of the jet mass distribution in hadronic decays of boosted top quarks produced in pp collisions at root s = 13 TeV. The data were collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1). The measurement is performed in the lepton + jets channel of t (t) over bar events, where the lepton is an electron or muon. The products of the hadronic top quark decay t -> bW -> bq (q) over bar' are reconstructed as a single jet with transverse momentum larger than 400 GeV. The t (t) over bar cross section as a function of the jet mass is unfolded at the particle level and used to extract a value of the top quark mass of 172.6 +/- 2.5 GeV. A novel jet reconstruction technique is used for the first time at the LHC, which improves the precision by a factor of 3 relative to an earlier measurement. This highlights the potential of measurements using boosted top quarks, where the new technique will enable future precision measurements.Peer reviewe

Search for supersymmetry in events with one lepton and multiple jets in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

Peer reviewe