Privacy Support for Sensitive Data Sharing in P2P Systems

Demonstration.National audienceLes applications partageant des données sensibles peuvent bénéficier des avantages des systèmes P2P (Peer-to-Peer) mais uniquement si la confidentialité est préservée. Dans nos travaux antérieurs, nous avons proposé PriMod, un modèle de confidentialité pour partage de données P2P qui combine le contrôle d'accès basé sur les objectifs, la confiance et le chiffrement. Nous avons également proposé PriServ, un service basé sur PriMod, implémenté sur une table de hachage distribuée (DHT). Cette démonstration montre le prototype PriServ et souligne les bénéfices de notre approche en terme de préservation de la confidentialité de données au travers d'une application médicale de partage de données. Le scénario utilisé expose des aspects critiques comme la gestion de politiques de confidentialité, la publication de données, la recherche de données et la recherche de droits d'accès personnels

A Data Privacy Service for Structured P2P Systems

International audienceOnline peer-to-peer (P2P) communities such as professional ones (e.g., medical or research) are becoming popular due to increasing needs on data sharing. P2P environments offer valuable characteristics but limited guarantees when sharing sensitive or confidential data. They can be considered as hostile because data can be accessed by everyone (by potentially untrustworthy peers) and used for everything (e.g., for marketing or for activities against the owner's preferences or ethics). In this paper we propose PriServ, a privacy service located on top of distributed hash table (DHT) based P2P systems which prevents data privacy violations. Based on data owner privacy preferences, PriServ uses Hippocratic database principles, takes into account which operations will be realized on shared data (e.g., read, write, disclosure) and uses reputation techniques to increase trust on peers. Several simulation results encourage our ideas and a prototype of PriServ is under development

Un support IDM pour l'architecture d'entreprise dans un contexte industriel : l'exemple du framework TEAP

National audienceL'application de l'Ingénierie Dirigée par les Modèles (IDM) est souvent réservée aux processus de génie logiciel (par exemple, spécification, génération de code, maintenance, rétro-ingénierie, évolution). Cependant, elle peut aussi être bénéfique pour des initiatives davantage orientées métier ou liées à la prise de décisions stratégiques, telles que l'Architecture d'Entreprise (AE). L'AE est le processus de traduction de la vision métier/stratégie d'une entreprise en un changement effectif, via la description de son état présent et futur (par exemple, concernant son système d'information). Même si différentes approches ont déjà proposé plusieurs sortes de méthodes et d'outillages pour l'AE dans une entreprise, il n'existe pas véritablement à l'heure actuelle de framework IDM intégré combinant fédération de données d'AE, adaptabilité du standard de représentation et support pour des points de vue multiples. Le présent article rapporte notre expérience en cours de construction du framework IDM TEAP (basé sur le standard TOGAF et l'outillage SmartEA) visant notamment à traiter ces trois défis dans un contexte industriel d'AE

MDE Support for Enterprise Architecture in an Industrial Context: the TEAP Framework Experience

International audienceModel Driven Engineering (MDE) is often applied to support software engineering processes (i.e., from reverse to forward engineering, including maintenance and/or evolution tasks). However, as promoted by the Model Driven Organization (MDO) initiative, it can also be relevant in more business-oriented and strategic decision-making activities such as Enterprise Architecture (EA). EA is the process of translating business vision and strategy into effective change by better describing the enterprise's future state and thus enable its evolution. Even if several approaches have already proposed different kinds of support to deal with the company's EA, an integrated MDE framework combining EA data federation, EA standard adaptation and multiple viewpoint support is still missing. This paper reports on our ongoing experience of building the TEAP MDE framework (based on the TOGAF standard and SmartEA tooling) notably addressing these three challenges in an industrial EA context

Conception and Development Tools for SCOrWare - Version 2.0

The SCOrWare project objectives are to develop: ● A runtime platform for deploying, executing, and managing SCA based applications. ● A set of development tools for modeling, designing, and implementing SCA based applications. ● A set of demonstrators. This document specifies the set of tools used to design, develop, test, and deploy elements to build a distributed architecture compound of components, services, and business services. These tools are based on standards like MDA (Model Driven Architecture) [1], DSL (Domain Specific Language) [2], SCA (Service Component Architecture), and are build on top of Eclipse. Some of these tools complete currently available tools proposed in the SOA Tools Platform (STP) project [3], and others are specific to the SCOrWare project. Section 1.1 lists existing STP tools, and Section 1.2 gives an overview of the contributions of the developed SCOrWare tools, and a summary of next chapters

Analysis of shared heritability in common disorders of the brain

ience, this issue p. eaap8757 Structured Abstract INTRODUCTION Brain disorders may exhibit shared symptoms and substantial epidemiological comorbidity, inciting debate about their etiologic overlap. However, detailed study of phenotypes with different ages of onset, severity, and presentation poses a considerable challenge. Recently developed heritability methods allow us to accurately measure correlation of genome-wide common variant risk between two phenotypes from pools of different individuals and assess how connected they, or at least their genetic risks, are on the genomic level. We used genome-wide association data for 265,218 patients and 784,643 control participants, as well as 17 phenotypes from a total of 1,191,588 individuals, to quantify the degree of overlap for genetic risk factors of 25 common brain disorders. RATIONALE Over the past century, the classification of brain disorders has evolved to reflect the medical and scientific communities' assessments of the presumed root causes of clinical phenomena such as behavioral change, loss of motor function, or alterations of consciousness. Directly observable phenomena (such as the presence of emboli, protein tangles, or unusual electrical activity patterns) generally define and separate neurological disorders from psychiatric disorders. Understanding the genetic underpinnings and categorical distinctions for brain disorders and related phenotypes may inform the search for their biological mechanisms. RESULTS Common variant risk for psychiatric disorders was shown to correlate significantly, especially among attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD), and schizophrenia. By contrast, neurological disorders appear more distinct from one another and from the psychiatric disorders, except for migraine, which was significantly correlated to ADHD, MDD, and Tourette syndrome. We demonstrate that, in the general population, the personality trait neuroticism is significantly correlated with almost every psychiatric disorder and migraine. We also identify significant genetic sharing between disorders and early life cognitive measures (e.g., years of education and college attainment) in the general population, demonstrating positive correlation with several psychiatric disorders (e.g., anorexia nervosa and bipolar disorder) and negative correlation with several neurological phenotypes (e.g., Alzheimer's disease and ischemic stroke), even though the latter are considered to result from specific processes that occur later in life. Extensive simulations were also performed to inform how statistical power, diagnostic misclassification, and phenotypic heterogeneity influence genetic correlations. CONCLUSION The high degree of genetic correlation among many of the psychiatric disorders adds further evidence that their current clinical boundaries do not reflect distinct underlying pathogenic processes, at least on the genetic level. This suggests a deeply interconnected nature for psychiatric disorders, in contrast to neurological disorders, and underscores the need to refine psychiatric diagnostics. Genetically informed analyses may provide important "scaffolding" to support such restructuring of psychiatric nosology, which likely requires incorporating many levels of information. By contrast, we find limited evidence for widespread common genetic risk sharing among neurological disorders or across neurological and psychiatric disorders. We show that both psychiatric and neurological disorders have robust correlations with cognitive and personality measures. Further study is needed to evaluate whether overlapping genetic contributions to psychiatric pathology may influence treatment choices. Ultimately, such developments may pave the way toward reduced heterogeneity and improved diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders

RS2.7 : un Canevas Adaptable de Services de Duplication

Président : Guy Mazaré Rapporteur : Philippe Pucheral Rapporteur : Michel Riveill Examinateur : Kathleen MilstedThe objective of our thesis is to make the replication aspect adaptable. Separation of concerns and services-oriented approaches allow the application developer to disregard the replication aspect during development. However, these approaches suffer from a major limitation: it seems very difficult - even impossible - to provide a generic replication service/aspect, which can be parameterised in order to be used in various execution contexts and which cover the whole set of the existing protocols. These considerations have lead us to the definition of a framework of replication services named RS2.7. RS2.7 is the skeleton of a replication service defining its structure. It makes possible to obtain replication services independent of any application code, which can be parametrised to be used in various non-functional contexts (transactional, distributed shared memories, etc.) and which take into account constraints and protocols specific to each field. Our contributions focus on three main issues: (1) modelisation of replication services obtained from RS2.7, (2) adaptability of the framework to the non-functional context and (3) adaptability in whole or part of the replication protocols. Several implementations of RS2.7 were developed. The validation has shown the adaptability characteristic offered by RS2.7. The framework makes it possible to obtain different services suited to various non-functional contexts.Notre objectif dans cette thèse est de donner la propriété d'adaptabilité à l'aspect duplication. La séparation des préoccupations et l'approche par services permettent au développeur d'applications de s'abstraire de l'aspect duplication lors de ses développements. Cependant, ces approches souffrent d'une limitation majeure : il semble très difficile, voir impossible, de fournir un service/aspect générique de duplication pouvant être paramétré afin d'être utilisé dans différents contextes d'exécution et couvrant l'ensemble des protocoles existants. Ces constatations nous ont conduit à la définition d'un canevas de services de duplication, nommé RS2.7. RS2.7 est le squelette d'un service de duplication définissant sa structure. Il permet d'obtenir des services de duplication indépendants de tout code propre à l'application, pouvant être utilisés dans différents contextes non fonctionnels (transactionnel, mémoires partagées, etc.) et prenant en compte les contraintes et les protocoles spécifiques à chaque domaine. Nos contributions portent sur trois axes : (1) la modélisation des services de duplication pouvant être obtenus à partir de RS2.7, (2) l'adaptabilité du canevas par rapport au contexte non fonctionnel et (3) l'adaptabilité dans tout ou partie des protocoles de duplication. RS2.7 a été mis en \oe uvre et notre validation porte sur la démonstration des caractéristiques d'adaptabilité offertes. Nous cherchons à montrer que notre canevas permet d'obtenir des services très variés et convenant pour divers contextes non fonctionnels

RS2.7 (un canevas adaptable de services de duplication)

GRENOBLE1-BU Sciences (384212103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Servicios de reproducción compuesta

El marco de reproducción RS2.7 visita de nuevo la función de reproducción para poder proporcionar servicios basadosen componentes para entornos de diversos tipos. Identifica claramente qué funciones mínimas son relevantes en la reproducción,al ligar y sincronizar réplicas para poder soportar los niveles correctos de coherencia. El presente artículo aborda cómo el soportepara el nivel de coherencia puede ser descompuesto con relación a dos dimensiones: funcional y programada. Jugar con estas dosdimensiones permite suministrar diversos servicios de reproducción con el simple ensamble de componentes RS2.7. De estaforma, se aplicó un prototipo de RS2.7 operacional a una plataforma para aplicaciones interactivas de red