56 research outputs found

    Ferramenta de gestão de dados históricos

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    Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia de ComunicaçõesEm algumas organizações, a quantidade de dados registados nas suas bases de dados é grande e continua a aumentar de forma linear ou exponencial ao longo do tempo. Face ao constante aumento do volume de dados, torna-se necessário assegurar o acesso rápido e ágil a estes, implementando novas formas de gestão. A gestão de dados históricos é tipicamente uma tarefa que cada Sistema de Gestão de Base de Dados (SGBD) efetua de forma muito própria, otimizada para o seu motor, não existindo nenhuma norma adotada pelos vários SGBDs. Em particular, torna-se cada vez mais complexo, do ponto de vista aplicacional, gerir os dados históricos guardados pelas aplicações. Neste trabalho é apresentada uma ferramenta que foi desenvolvida para permitir, face a um modelo numa arquitetura MVC (Model View Controller) implementado em Ruby on Rails, organizar a distribuição lógica dos dados para que, independentemente do SGBD usado, se possa de forma eficaz retirar os dados antigos do sistema e armazená-los de forma a serem facilmente recuperados. A ferramenta foi desenvolvida como uma biblioteca genérica, que pode ser utilizada por qualquer aplicação, e com o objetivo específico de permitir o particionamento dos dados. Primeiro, foi realizada uma investigação sobre alguns SGBDs comerciais, como Oracle, MySQL, MS SQL Server e PostgreSQL. Posteriormente a pesquisa foi direcionada para o ORM utilizado pelo Ruby on Rails, o Active Record, de forma a perceber quais os métodos utilizados para implementar os métodos CRUD (Create-Read-Update-Delete). A fim de resolver os desafios do presente trabalho, foi desenhada e implementada uma biblioteca que, juntamente com o ORM Active Record, permite particionamento de tabelas. O trabalho realizado ao longo desta dissertação foi desenvolvido em ambiente empresarial, na Portugal Telecom Inovação. No final foram realizados e analisados alguns testes para aferir o desempenho da solução implementada.In some organisations, the amount of data stored in their databases is significantly large and continues to increase linearly or exponentially over time. In order to respond to the constant increase of data volume, it is necessary to ensure quick and agile access to the data, implementing new management methods. The management of historical data is typically a task that every Database Management System (DBMS) does on its own way, optimized for its engine. However, from the application point of view, it becomes increasingly complex to manage the historical data stored by the applications. This work presents a tool that was developed to allow, for a model in MVC architecture (Model View Controller) implemented with Ruby on Rails, to organize the logical distribution of data so that, independently of the DBMS used, it can be possible in an effective way, to remove the older data from the system and store it in an easily restorable way. The tool was developed as a generic library, which can be used by any application, and with the specific goal of implementing data partitioning. Firstly, a study was performed based on some commercial DMBS, such as Oracle, MySQL, MS SQL Server and PostgreSQL. Afterwards, the research has been directed to the ORM used by Ruby on Rails, the Active Record, in order to determine which methods it uses to implement the CRUD (Create-Read-Update-Delete) methods. In order to solve the challenges of the presented work, a library was designed and implemented, which along with the Active Record ORM, allows table partitioning. The work done along this dissertation was developed in a business environment, at Portugal Telecom Inovação. In the end some tests were made and analyzed to assess the performance of the implemented solution

    Streptococcus pyogenes Causing Skin and Soft Tissue Infections Are Enriched in the Recently Emerged emm89 Clade 3 and Are Not Associated With Abrogation of CovRS

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    Although skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) are the most common focal infections associated with invasive disease caused by Streptococcus pyogenes (Lancefield Group A streptococci - GAS), there is scarce information on the characteristics of isolates recovered from SSTI in temperate-climate regions. In this study, 320 GAS isolated from SSTI in Portugal were characterized by multiple typing methods and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility and SpeB activity. The covRS and ropB genes of isolates with no detectable SpeB activity were sequenced. The antimicrobial susceptibility profile was similar to that of previously characterized isolates from invasive infections (iGAS), presenting a decreasing trend in macrolide resistance. However, the clonal composition of SSTI between 2005 and 2009 was significantly different from that of contemporary iGAS. Overall, iGAS were associated with emm1 and emm3, while SSTI were associated with emm89, the dominant emm type among SSTI (19%). Within emm89, SSTI were only significantly associated with isolates lacking the hasABC locus, suggesting that the recently emerged emm89 clade 3 may have an increased potential to cause SSTI. Reflecting these associations between emm type and disease presentation, there were also differences in the distribution of emm clusters, sequence types, and superantigen gene profiles between SSTI and iGAS. According to the predicted ability of each emm cluster to interact with host proteins, iGAS were associated with the ability to bind fibrinogen and albumin, whereas SSTI isolates were associated with the ability to bind C4BP, IgA, and IgG. SpeB activity was absent in 79 isolates (25%), in line with the proportion previously observed among iGAS. Null covS and ropB alleles (predicted to eliminate protein function) were detected in 10 (3%) and 12 (4%) isolates, corresponding to an underrepresentation of mutations impairing CovRS function in SSTI relative to iGAS. Overall, these results indicate that the isolates responsible for SSTI are genetically distinct from those recovered from normally sterile sites, supporting a role for mutations impairing CovRS activity specifically in invasive infection and suggesting that this role relies on a differential regulation of other virulence factors besides SpeB

    Streptococcus canis Are a Single Population Infecting Multiple Animal Hosts Despite the Diversity of the Universally Present M-Like Protein SCM

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    Streptococcus canis is an animal pathogen which occasionally causes infections in humans. The S. canis M-like protein (SCM) encoded by the scm gene, is its best characterized virulence factor but previous studies suggested it could be absent in a substantial fraction of isolates. We studied the distribution and variability of the scm gene in 188 S. canis isolates recovered from companion animals (n = 152), wild animal species (n = 20), and humans (n = 14). Multilocus sequence typing, including the first characterization of wildlife isolates, showed that the same lineages are present in all animal hosts, raising the possibility of extensive circulation between species. Whole-genome analysis revealed that emm-like genes found previously in S. canis correspond to divergent scm genes, indicating that what was previously believed to correspond to two genes is in fact the same scm locus. We designed primers allowing for the first time the successful amplification of the scm gene in all isolates. Analysis of the scm sequences identified 12 distinct types, which could be divided into two clusters: group I (76%, n = 142) and group II (24%, n = 46) sharing little sequence similarity. The predicted group I SCM showed extensive similarity with each other outside of the N-terminal hypervariable region and a conserved IgG binding domain. This domain was absent from group II SCM variants found in isolates previously thought to lack the scm gene, which also showed greater amino acid variability. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the possible host interacting partners of the group II SCM variants and their role in virulence

    Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): From basic to advanced approaches

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    Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of their cell of origin and change the functions and phenotypes of other cells. These features indicate strong biomarker and therapeutic potential and have generated broad interest, as evidenced by the steady year-on-year increase in the numbers of scientific publications about EVs. Important advances have been made in EV metrology and in understanding and applying EV biology. However, hurdles remain to realising the potential of EVs in domains ranging from basic biology to clinical applications due to challenges in EV nomenclature, separation from non-vesicular extracellular particles, characterisation and functional studies. To address the challenges and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) updates its 'Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles', which was first published in 2014 and then in 2018 as MISEV2014 and MISEV2018, respectively. The goal of the current document, MISEV2023, is to provide researchers with an updated snapshot of available approaches and their advantages and limitations for production, separation and characterisation of EVs from multiple sources, including cell culture, body fluids and solid tissues. In addition to presenting the latest state of the art in basic principles of EV research, this document also covers advanced techniques and approaches that are currently expanding the boundaries of the field. MISEV2023 also includes new sections on EV release and uptake and a brief discussion of in vivo approaches to study EVs. Compiling feedback from ISEV expert task forces and more than 1000 researchers, this document conveys the current state of EV research to facilitate robust scientific discoveries and move the field forward even more rapidly

    Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

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    A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

    Search for single production of vector-like quarks decaying into Wb in pp collisions at s=8\sqrt{s} = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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    Measurements of top-quark pair differential cross-sections in the eμe\mu channel in pppp collisions at s=13\sqrt{s} = 13 TeV using the ATLAS detector

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    Measurement of the charge asymmetry in top-quark pair production in the lepton-plus-jets final state in pp collision data at s=8TeV\sqrt{s}=8\,\mathrm TeV{} with the ATLAS detector

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    Measurement of the W boson polarisation in ttˉt\bar{t} events from pp collisions at s\sqrt{s} = 8 TeV in the lepton + jets channel with ATLAS

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    ATLAS Run 1 searches for direct pair production of third-generation squarks at the Large Hadron Collider

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