La lectura como dinamizadora para el fortalecimiento de la comprensión lectora en los niños de grado segundo de la Escuela Rural el Hoyo

El siguiente trabajo, tuvo uno momento de implementación de actividades en pro de trabajar sobre las necesidad sentida prevista en la comunidad seleccionada, para llevar esto a cabo, se debió contar con un permiso informado y firmado por cada representante legal de los niños con los que se iba a trabajar; de igual forma se relacionan cada una de las fotografías y capturas de pantalla de diferentes momentos en el desarrollo de la implementación de la actividad permanente y tres secuencias didácticas distribuidas por sesiones de clase, esto lo pueden relacionar en el siguiente enlace: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/19rvLVTKbQgEuopX77piw2hfraMlKvgpH?usp=sharingEl presente documento está compuesto por el análisis del quehacer docente desde el enfoque investigativo pedagógico con el fin de propiciar espacios ricos en generación de oportunidades, interacciones y aprendizajes, mediante la ejecución de una propuesta investigativa llevada a cabo, bajo la direccionalidad de la siguiente pregunta ¿Cómo fortalecer la comprensión lectora en los estudiantes de grado segundo de la Escuela Rural el Hoyo del colegio José Antonio Beltrán a través de actividades didácticas?. De este modo se propició espacios generados a partir de la integración de diversas lecturas en pro de mejorar los procesos de comprensión lectora, de dicha comunidad seleccionada. Además compone el análisis trascendental que surge desde la generación de experiencias en el marco contextual y teórico que prevalece en el alcance del fortalecimiento de las habilidades comunicativas mediante diversas actividades didácticas. Todo esto, se ve reflejado en el marco de análisis reflexivo y critico generado entre la relación de la teoría con la práctica, de igual modo, los aprendizajes alcanzados desde la superación de las dificultades y la resignificación de la practica pedagógica.This document is composed of the analysis of the teaching work from the pedagogical research approach in order to promote spaces rich in generating opportunities, interactions and learning, through the execution of a research proposal carried out, under the direction of the following question How to strengthen reading comprehension in second grade students of the El Hoyo Rural School of the José Antonio Beltrán school through didactic activities? In this way, spaces generated from the integration of various readings were promoted in order to improve the reading comprehension processes of said selected community. It also composes the transcendental analysis that arises from the generation of experiences in the contextual and theoretical framework that prevails in the scope of strengthening communication skills through various didactic activities. All this is reflected in the reflective and critical analysis framework generated between the relationship of theory with practice, in the same way, the learning achieved from the overcoming of difficulties and the resignification of pedagogical practice

LC-ESI-HRMS-Based Chemical Characterization of Lupinus bogotensis Roots

Plants of the genus Lupinus (Fabaceae) have been studied due to the occurrence of different compounds, especially those possessing quinolizidine and isoflavone-like structures. These kinds of compounds are characterized by both medical and industrial applications, providing various benefits to human being. However, organs such as roots have not been equally studied and there is a lack of such records for native species. Therefore, in the present study, the chemical composition of nodulated roots from greenhouse-established L. bogotensis plants was determined. The resulting crude ethanolic extract was then analyzed by LC/HRMS and chemical nature of most compounds was determined by analyzing the high resolution mass spectra. Recorded profile showed adequate separation allowing tentative identification of detected compounds. 47 secondary metabolites (mainly isoflavones and quinolizidine-type compounds) were thus identified. Most phenolic compounds were found to be conjugated flavonoids (e.g., genistin and genistein malonylglucoside) and lupanine, sparteine and hydroxylupanine were noticed as the main alkaloids. Among alkaloid-like compounds, dehydromitomycin C, a compound produced by Streptomyces caespitosus was identified. Lupadienediol (a lupane-type triterpene recognized for being involved in rhizobacteria:legumes symbiosis) was the only terpene-related component identified in the extract. The present work corresponds to the first report on the chemical composition of L. bogotensis root and constitutes an adequate basis for phytoconstituents finding from nature to support the use of native species

Endocarditis Marántica asociada a linfoma de Hodgkin

La endocarditis trombótica no bacteriana (ETNB) se define como la presencia de trombos estériles sobre las válvulas cardiacas, corresponden a agregados de plaquetas y fibrina no infectados asociados a estados de hipercoagulabilidad como las neoplasias malignas, en donde se denomina también endocarditis marántica. Se presenta el caso de un paciente con historia de síndrome febril prolongado al que se le inició tratamiento antibiótico por una endocarditis infecciosa (EI) por presentar una imagen compatible con vegetación en el ecocardiograma transtorácico. Sin embargo, el paciente persistió febril y sin mejoría clínica, hasta que la biopsia de un ganglio cervical diagnosticó un linfoma de Hodgkin mejorando posteriormente con el tratamiento hemato específico

Logística de distribución de productos perecederos: estudios de caso Fuente de Oro (Meta) y Viotá (Cundinamarca)

La realización de cada una de las actividades se llevó a cabo con el estudio de caso “logística de distribución de productos perecederos: fuente de oro (Meta) y Viota (Cundinamarca). Por consiguiente, se trataron temas de gran importancia tales como: diseño de red estructural, diagrama de flujo de proceso, vulnerabilidad del sistema logístico desde varias perspectivas, cadena de valor de Porter, desarrollo de clusteres, benchmark de prácticas logísticas mundiales, entre otros.The realization of each one of the activities was carried out with the case study “logistics of distribution of perishable products: source of gold (Meta) and Viota (Cundinamarca). Therefore, topics of great importance were discussed such as: structural network design, process flow diagram, vulnerability of the logistics system from various perspectives, Porter value chain, cluster development, benchmark of global logistics practices, among others

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia Ciudad de Florencia Caquetá.

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia Ciudad de Florencia Caquetá.La presente reflexión se efectúa a partir del análisis de las subjetividades inmersas en los contextos de violencia en Colombia, cuya lectura generalizada ha estado enmarcada por enormes consecuencias a nivel, económico, social, político y cultural y reflejadas por décadas en una grave crisis humanitaria, cuyos emergentes no han sido más que el hostigamiento, abusos sexuales, desplazamiento, secuestro, hurto y muerte de la población civil, así como la violación a los derechos humanos, inseguridad, pobreza, narcotráfico, desempleo, etc. El Diplomado de Profundización y Acompañamiento Psicosocial en Escenarios de Violencia se sustenta en la búsqueda de la comprensión y el análisis contextual pormenorizado a partir de la integración de procesos académicos que articulan teorías, metodologías y técnicas para el diagnóstico, acompañamiento y evaluación de situaciones traumáticas, crisis y violencias a las que se ve expuesta una persona, grupo, institución y/o comunidad; por lo cual, el propósito fundamental es articular procesos de reflexión-acción orientados a la construcción de posibilidades transformadoras en contextos donde las dinámicas de violencia han ganado terreno. Se enfocará en la realización de un Análisis Psicosocial desde los conocimientos obtenidos, de algunos relatos de vida, el objetivo será reconocer y analizar su problemática generando unos procesos de acompañamiento que implique la deconstrucción, construcción y reconstrucción de estilos de afrontamiento. Hace énfasis en lograr un acercamiento psicosocial ético y proactivo en la superación de las condiciones de victimización, planteando desde el enfoque narrativo el cual ha logrado un camino significativo en el abordaje de violencias sistémicas, reconociendo también sus aportes desde los marcos diversos y contextuales de nuestra realidad socio-política, aplicando su metodología se plantearon diferentes preguntas estratégicas, circulares, reflexivas, que nos llevan tanto a nosotros como a las mismas victimas a tomar acciones y estrategias de acompañamiento e intervención que faciliten la potenciación de recursos de afrontamiento y resiliencia a las situaciones de vulnerabilidad que experimentan, realizado por estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia (UNAD) matriculados en el programa de Psicología.The present reflection is made from the analysis of the subjectivities immersed in the contexts of violence in Colombia, whose generalized reading has been framed by enormous consequences at the economic, social, political and cultural level and reflected for decades in a serious humanitarian crisis, whose emergencies have been nothing more than harassment, sexual abuse, displacement, kidnapping, theft and death of the civilian population, as well as the violation of human rights, insecurity, poverty, drug trafficking, unemployment, etc. The Diploma of Deepening and Psychosocial Accompaniment in Violence Scenarios is based on the search for comprehension and detailed contextual analysis based on the integration of academic processes that articulate theories, methodologies and techniques for the diagnosis, monitoring and evaluation of traumatic situations, crisis and violence to which a person, group, institution and / or community is exposed; Therefore, the fundamental purpose is to articulate processes of reflection-action oriented towards the construction of transforming possibilities in contexts where the dynamics of violence have gained ground, lastly the approach of contexts from the narrative approach. We will focus on the realization of a Psychosocial Analysis from the knowledge obtained, from some life stories, our objective will be to recognize and analyze their problems by generating support processes that involve the deconstruction, construction and reconstruction of coping styles. It emphasizes achieving an ethical and proactive psychosocial approach in overcoming the conditions of victimization, posing from the narrative approach which has achieved a significant path in addressing systemic violence, also recognizing its contributions from the diverse and contextual frameworks of our Socio-political reality, applying its methodology, different strategic, circular and reflective questions were asked, which lead both us and the victims themselves to take actions and strategies of accompaniment and intervention that facilitate the strengthening of coping resources and resilience to the situations of vulnerability that they experience, made by students of the National Open and Distance University (UNAD) enrolled in the Psychology program

Piedra, papel y pixel. El texto digital en juego

Este libro recoge conceptos y experiencias alrededor de la producción de libros digitales en Colombia. En gran parte se basa en la producción digital del grupo de investigación Urbanitas de la Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, pero también integra otros actores como El Sistema de Bibliotecas Públicas de Medellín, un ganador del Premio Crea Digital y experiencias de aula que hacen de esta obra un documento representativo para la comprensión del ecosistema de los libros digitales en los últimos años. La obra se divide en dos partes: conceptualización y experiencias. La primera parte enfoca los principales temas que se han planteado sobre la textualidad digital, y la segunda presenta cuatro experiencias, estrategias de creación, implementación y distribución de libros digitales en nuestro medio. En suma, este documento aspira a registrar un momento importante en la historia del libro digital en Colombia

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

A collaboratively derived environmental research agenda for Galapagos

Galápagos is one of the most pristine archipelagos in the world and its conservation relies upon research and sensible management. In recent decades both the interest in, and the needs of, the islands have increased, yet the funds and capacity for necessary research have remained limited. It has become, therefore, increasingly important to identify areas of priority research to assist decision-making in Galápagos conservation. This study identified 50 questions considered priorities for future research and management. The exercise involved the collaboration of policy makers, practitioners and researchers from more than 30 different organisations. Initially, 360 people were consulted to generate 781 questions. An established process of preworkshop voting and three rounds to reduce and reword the questions, followed by a two-day workshop, was used to produce the final 50 questions. The most common issues raised by this list of questions were human population growth, climate change and the impact of invasive alien species. These results have already been used by a range of organisations and politicians and are expected to provide the basis for future research on the islands so that its sustainability may be enhanced. </jats:p

Voluntariado en Acción Catálogo de iniciativas de voluntariado Centros de Educación para el Desarrollo.

Este catálogo compila todas las iniciativas de voluntariado que enmarcan y orientan las acciones de más de dos mil voluntarios anuales que aportan con su tiempo y conocimiento al fortalecimiento de las comunidades, sus organizaciones sociales y comunitarias que trabajan decididamente para construir una mejor sociedad. Durante los últimos tres años hemos apostado por el fortalecimiento de esta estrategia generando nuevas modalidades, diversos escenarios para el desarrollo del voluntariado, capacitando a los 19 líderes y los voluntarios en las sedes, siempre bajo la profunda convicción de que el mundo se puede cambiar cuando mucha gente pequeña, en lugares pequeños, haciendo cosas pequeñas, logran tocar la vida de las personas que más lo necesitan

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication