Sistematización de la experiencia vivida por los estudiantes de trabajo social en la Corporación Universitaria Minuto De Dios sede principal. - Bogotá en el proceso de preparación para presentar la prueba de Estado Saber Pro 2013 - 60

Este trabajo empieza a mediados del segundo semestre del año 2013, con el propósito de sistematizar el acompañamiento a los estudiantes de los últimos semestres en el programa de trabajo social de la Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios para la presentación de la prueba de estado saber – Pro. Se hace uso de la ruta metodológica donde los autores de la sistematización han participado de la experiencia lo que facilita el desarrollo de la propuesta metodológica seleccionada (Oscar Jara), partiendo de la necesidad de evaluar la pertinencia y el aporte del proceso de acompañamiento para la presentación de la prueba de estado. Se realiza la reconstrucción del proceso empleando instrumentos tales como entrevista semi –estructurada, y el diario de campo, logrando captar diferentes percepciones de los estudiantes frente al proceso dando lugar a la reflexión final concluyendo con la propuesta de acompañamiento para fortalecer procesos académicos relevantes en la presentación de la prueba

Caracterización de los neonatos de alto riesgo atendidos en el Hospital Universitario San Jorge de Pereira en el año 2006

Si bien las estadísticas de morbimortalidad por grupo de edad permiten vislumbrar la gran problemática de la población de neonatos y describen la inmensa vulnerabilidad de este grupo poblacional a nivel nacional y regional; es evidente que a nivel local no se dispone de un conocimiento completo y claro de la situación de estos niños, pues no se ha profundizado en el análisis pormenorizado de la información existente. Este estudio plantea la elaboración de un diagnostico sobre la situación clínica, epidemiológica y sociodemográfica de la población de recién nacidos atendidos en la Unidad de Neonatología del Hospital Universitario San Jorge, principal centro de referencia de los neonatos de alto riesgo de la población risaraldense, independiente del régimen de salud y de las condiciones clínicas de los niños que tienen en riesgo vital su primer mes existencia extrauterina. El propósito es tener una línea de base que permita intervenciones de enfermería planificadas, con enfoque de riesgo, como un aporte a la lucha incesante por la calidad de vida de la infancia de la región.Although the morbidity and mortality statistics by age group allow us to glimpse the great problem of the newborn population and describes the immense vulnerability of this population group at the national and regional level; It is obvious that at the local level there is not a complete and clear knowledge of the situation of these children, since the detailed analysis has not been deepened of existing information. This study proposes the elaboration of a diagnosis on the clinical situation, epidemiological and sociodemographic of the population of newborns cared for in the Neonatology Unit of the San Jorge University Hospital, the main center of reference of high-risk newborns of the Risaralda population, independent of the health regimen and clinical conditions of the children their first month extrauterine existence is at life risk. The purpose is to have a baseline that allows nursing interventions planned, with a risk approach, as a contribution to the incessant struggle for quality of life for children in the region

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication

Annual Conference on Formative Research on EFL. Practices thar inspire change.

The conference papers of the Annual Conference on Formative Research on EFL. Practices thar inspire change collect pedagogical experiences, research reports, and reflections about social issues, language teaching, teaching training, interculturality under the panorama of the Covid-19 pandemic. Each paper invites the reader to implement changes in their teaching practice through disruptive pedagogies, reflect on the social and emotional consequences of the lockdown, new paths for teacher training and different approaches for teaching interculturality. We expect to inspire new ways to train pre-service teachers and teach languages in this changing times

Predictores psicológicos de la innovación en el trabajo: una revisión sistemática

: figuras, tablas ; 28 cm.Se llevó a cabo una revisión de literatura con el propósito de caracterizar los conocimientos sobre los predictores psicológicos de la innovación en el trabajo presentes en la literatura científica especializada. Por tanto, se realizó una búsqueda con un algoritmo de búsqueda en Google Académico, aplicando unos criterios de selección de investigaciones que dio como resultado la revisión de 29 estudios de todo el mundo, en lengua inglesa y española. Se evidencia una predominancia de estudios en Asia y en sectores económicos asociados a la prestación de servicios. De igual manera, se encontró que los principales predictores psicológicos de las conductas innovadoras fueron la percepción sobre el liderazgo, el compromiso/empoderamiento organizacional, las conductas de intercambio de conocimiento, la autoeficacia, el capital psicológico y la motivación; varios de esos temas ya han sido identificados en revisiones anteriores, aunque llamó la atención la falta de investigación sobre características de personalidad y procesamiento cognitivo. Se concluye acerca de la relevancia actual de lograr la innovación en las organizaciones en el contexto actual de globalización, así como la propuesta de una serie de posibles temas de investigación en torno a la innovación.Consideraciones generales.-- Pregunta de investigación.-- Objetivo de investigación.-- Justificación.-- Marco referencial.-- Metodología.-- Resultados.-- Conclusiones.-- Recomendaciones.-- Bibliografía.EspecializaciónEspecialista en Gerencia FinancieraEspecialización en Gerencia Financier

Prevalencia de cefalea, estrés y factores de riesgo laborales en ejecutivos de las empresas públicas de Medellín mayo - octubre 1998

This article presents a focus on how stress and other occupational risk factors influence the presence of headache; causing losses in work hours and in work potential. The research project was a descriptive and prospective study done in 1998 in executives the Empresas Públicas of Medellín. The information was obtained from individually answered questionnaires, which focused on extrinsic occupational risk factors, (ergonomic, physical, and socio-psychologic). El 92% of the executives are male, 52% have experienced headaches in the past three months; 83% of these presenting with one to four headaches per month. Stress levels were low, with a prevalence of 34%; 65% reported low levels of stress, whereas 34% reported intermediate levels according to the epistress test. A bivariable analysis showed that non e of the risk factors were statistically significant, even though they contributed to the presence of headache. Stress was the only statistically significant factor, increasing cephalea 3.6 times in persons with intermediate levels. In conclusion, the Empresas Públicas of Medellín should offer workshops for the management of stress targeted to their executives.El presente artículo da un enfoque sobre como puede afectar el estrés y otros factores de riesgo laborales la producción de cefaleas, ocasionando una reducción en el potencial laboral del trabajador. Esta investigación fue de tipo descriptivo y prospectivo, se realizó en 1998, en ejecutivos de las Empresas Públicas de Medellín (EPM); obteniéndose la información por medio de encuestas autodiligenciadas. Se estudiaron factores de riesgo extrínsecos (los ergonómicos, físicos y socio-psicológicos). El 92% de los ejecutivos eran del sexo masculino, un 52% del total padecieron de cefalea en los últimos tres meses; de estos el 83% presentó de uno a cuatro cefaleas por mes. Los niveles de estrés fueron bajos, con una prevalencia del 34%. El 65% reportó niveles bajos de estrés y el 34% nivel medio a través del test de epistress. Un análisis bivariado demostró que ninguno de los factores de riesgo fue estadísticamente significativo, aunque si influyeron en la presencia de cefalea, exceptuando al estrés, el cual tuvo significancia estadística, aumentando la cefaleas 3.6 veces en quienes tenían niveles medios. En conclusión, las EPM deben ofrecer un programa de actividades dirigidas a la reducción y manejo del estrés laboral, tales como talleres terapéuticos para el manejo del estrés dirigidos a sus ejecutivos

C4d como factor pronóstico en una cohorte de pacientes pediátricos con nefropatía IgA en una institución en Cali, Colombia

Background: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common glomerular disease in the world. In pediatrics, the frequency of this disease is not well established, and it can lead to end-stage renal failure at 20 years in between 20-30% of cases. A relationship among positive histological C4d staining, and clinical and histological variables of worse renal prognosis has been described. Purpose: The aim of the present study is to correlate the diagnostic presence of C4d in renal biopsies with clinical and histological variables in patients with IgAN. Methods: Observational and retrospective study. Between 2011 and 2018, all pediatric patients with a histopathological diagnosis of IgAN, who had adequate renal biopsy material for C4d staining, were included. The main outcome variable was the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) at the time of diagnosis and at the last follow-up. Results: Fourteen patients were included in the study. Two (14.2%) had positive staining for C4d in the diagnostic biopsy, of which none presented impaired renal function by GFR or moderate-severe proteinuria during the study. No relationship was found between positive C4d staining and histopathological variables of worse prognosis (including mesangial hypercellularity and interstitial fibrosis-tubular atrophy), according to the Oxford classification. Conclusion: Given the small sample size, our findings were not consistent with the literature regarding the relationship between positive staining for C4d and clinical and histopathological variables of worse renal prognosis.Introducción: la nefropatía por IgA (NIgA) es la enfermedad glomerular más común del mundo. En pediatría, la frecuencia de la enfermedad no está bien establecida y puede llevar a falla renal terminal a los 20 años entre el 20-30 % de los casos. Se ha descrito relación entre una tinción histológica C4d positiva y variables clínicas e histológicas de peor pronóstico renal. Objetivo: el objetivo del presente estudio es correlacionar la presencia diagnóstica de C4d en biopsias renales con variables clínicas e histológicas en pacientes con NIgA. Métodos: estudio observacional y retrospectivo. Se incluyeron entre los años 2011-2018 todos los pacientes pediátricos con diagnóstico histopatológico de NIgA que contaran con material de biopsia renal adecuado para la tinción de C4d. La variable resultado principal fue la tasa de filtración glomerular (TFG) al momento del diagnóstico y al último seguimiento. Resultados: catorce pacientes fueron incluidos en el estudio. Dos (14.2 %) tuvieron tinción positiva para C4d en la biopsia de diagnóstico, de los cuales, ninguno presentó deterioro de la función renal por TFG ni proteinuria moderada-severa durante el estudio. No se encontró relación entre una tinción para C4d positiva y variables histopatológicas de peor pronóstico (incluyendo hipercelularidad mesangial y fibrosis intersticial-atrofia tubular), de la clasificación de Oxford. Conclusión: dado el escaso tamaño de la muestra, nuestros hallazgos no fueron concordantes con la literatura en cuanto a la relación entre una tinción positiva para C4d y variables clínicas e histopatológicas de peor pronóstico renal

Clinical characteristics of patients with NS at the last follow-up.

Clinical characteristics of patients with NS at the last follow-up.</p

Probability of eGFR >90mL/min/1.73m2 at 60 months follow-up according to BCMA expression in renal interstitial inflammatory infiltrate.

Probability of eGFR >90mL/min/1.73m2 at 60 months follow-up according to BCMA expression in renal interstitial inflammatory infiltrate.</p