21 research outputs found

    Análisis de brechas de rendimiento de trigo (Triticum aestivum) y arroz (Oryza sativa) en la región del Maule y Biobío

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    34 p.El cultivo de cereales en Chile ha experimentado un aumento en sus rendimientos en los últimos años. A pesar de esto, la Fundación Para la Innovación Agraria señala que este rubro se ve enfrentado a una serie de limitaciones que restringen la innovación y por ende mayor productividad. Estas limitaciones generan una brecha entre el rendimiento potencial y real. Los rendimientos potenciales se ven en constante aumento producto de los avances en mejoramiento genético y manejo, lo que se traduce en parte en un aumento en los rendimientos de productores. El objetivo del presente es analizar el rendimiento potencial, real y la brecha de rendimiento entre ambos para los cereales trigo y arroz entre los años 1980-2011 en el caso de trigo y 1981-2005 para arroz.Los datos de rendimiento potencial fueron obtenidos de ensayos del CRI-Quilamapu del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, por su parte, para el rendimiento real se utilizaron los rendimientos medios regionales de la base de datos de la Oficina de Estudios y Políticas Agrarias. La brecha de rendimiento se obtuvo a partir del cálculo de la diferencia entre el rendimiento potencial y el rendimiento real. Para el análisis de rendimientos en trigo se construyeron 3 series: Talca, Chillán y Los Ángeles. Por otro lado, en el análisis de rendimientos en arroz, solo se utilizó la serie Chillán. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó el modelo de regresión lineal simple o cuadrática de acuerdo al modelo que se ajustó de mejor manera a las cifras obtenidas. El análisis de brechas de rendimiento se realizó usando las medias con un intervalo de 5 años. Se observó que las brechas de rendimiento en trigo para la serie Talca, Chillán y Los Ángeles ha aumentado en el período estudiado. Sin embargo el modelo de regresión sugiere una estabilización de la brecha en los últimos años. Por su parte en el caso del arroz, la brecha ha disminuido en menor grado en el período estudiado. En cuanto a rendimientos potenciales estos en ambos cultivos y en todas las zonas en estudio han tendido a aumentar. Caso similar es el de los rendimientos reales aunque cabe mencionar que el incremento de estos últimos ha sido de menor grado lo cual explicaría el aumento de la brecha./ABSTRACT: Cereal crops in Chile have experienced an increase in yields in the last years. Despite this, the Fundación Para la Innovación Agraria concluded that this sector faced several limitations that restrict innovation, and therefore higher productivity. These limitations create a gap between real and potential yield. Potential yields have experienced a constant increase due to genetic improvements and productive management. The objective of this research is to analyze potential and real yields, along yield gap of wheat and rice between 1980-2011 in the case of wheat, and 1981-2005 for rice. Potential yield data were obtained from field experiments reported by CRI-Quilamapu from the National Agricultural Research Institute, while real yield data were obtained from databases of the Oficina de Estudios y Políticas Agrarias. Yield gap was estimated from the difference between potential and real yield. For the wheat yields analysis were built three series: Talca, Chillán and Los Ángeles. The analysis of rice yields only includes series from Chillán. For data analysis we used linear and quadratic regression It was observed that wheat yield gaps for Talca, Chillán and Los Ángeles has increased during the period of study. However, the regression model suggests stabilization on gap in recent years. On the other hand, in the case of rice, the gap has decreased slightly during the period of study. Potential yields have increased in both crops and in all study areas. Real yields has also experienced the same trend, although the increase of the latter has been lower, which explains the increase in gap

    Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

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    A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

    Measurements of top-quark pair differential cross-sections in the eμe\mu channel in pppp collisions at s=13\sqrt{s} = 13 TeV using the ATLAS detector

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    Measurement of the W boson polarisation in ttˉt\bar{t} events from pp collisions at s\sqrt{s} = 8 TeV in the lepton + jets channel with ATLAS

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    Measurement of the bbb\overline{b} dijet cross section in pp collisions at s=7\sqrt{s} = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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    Search for dark matter in association with a Higgs boson decaying to bb-quarks in pppp collisions at s=13\sqrt s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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    Charged-particle distributions at low transverse momentum in s=13\sqrt{s} = 13 TeV pppp interactions measured with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

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    Measurement of jet fragmentation in Pb+Pb and pppp collisions at sNN=2.76\sqrt{{s_\mathrm{NN}}} = 2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

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    Search for new phenomena in events containing a same-flavour opposite-sign dilepton pair, jets, and large missing transverse momentum in s=\sqrt{s}= 13 pppp collisions with the ATLAS detector

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    Search for single production of vector-like quarks decaying into Wb in pp collisions at s=8\sqrt{s} = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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