Coastal erosion: a northern-portuguese case study

Ponencia presentada en: XII Congreso de la Asociación Española de Climatología celebrado en Santiago de Compostela entre el 19 y el 21 de octubre de 2022.[EN]Coasts are socio-economically and ecologically highly important, yet vulnerable zones. Increasing pressure from human activities, like tourism, growing settlements and development of infrastructures, as well as climate change impacts, such as predicted sea-level rise and intensification of extreme climate, are likely to increase coastal vulnerability. Coastal Zone Management requires thus an evaluation of coastal dynamics, vulnerability and risks. The present work studied the morpho-sedimentary dynamics of the Northern-Portuguese Atlantic coast, between Caminha and Espinho. Digital terrain and surface models, derived from LiDAR and aerial photography survey data, collected in 2011, 2017 and 2018, were used to assess beach and dune morphology and to quantify morphodynamics. Coastal dynamics was analysed considering the types of beaches found in the region, being predominantly sandy beaches, sandy beaches with rocky outcrops, pebble and rocky beaches and dominant wind and wave conditions.[ES]Las áreas costeras son zonas de gran importancia socioeconómica y ecológica, pero a su vez son muy vulnerables. La vulnerabilidad de estas áreas puede aumentar con la creciente presión de las actividades humanas, como el turismo, el crecimiento de las zonas urbanas y el desarrollo de infraestructuras, así como con los impactos del cambio climático, como el aumento previsto del nivel del mar y la intensificación de extremos climáticos. Por lo tanto, es importante evaluar la vulnerabilidad y los riesgos para promover una gestión eficaz e integrada de las zonas costeras. El presente trabajo estudió los riesgos de erosión para la costa atlántica del norte de Portugal, entre Caminha y Espinho. Para evaluar la morfología de playas y dunas, y para cuantificar los procesos morfodinámicos, se utilizaron modelos digitales de terreno y de superficie, derivados de LiDAR y también datos de campañas de fotografía aérea, para los años 2011, 2017 y 2018. Se analizó la dinámica costera considerando los tipos de playas que se encuentran en la región, siendo predominantemente playas arenosas, playas arenosas con afloramientos rocosos, cantos rodados y playas rocosas, y también las condiciones predominantes de viento y oleaje.This research was partially supported by the Strategic Funding UIDB/04423/2020 and UIDP/04423/2020 through national funds provided by FCT—Foundation for Science and Technology and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). This work was further funded by the European Union MarRISK project: Adaptación costera ante el Cambio Climático: conocer los riesgos y aumentar la resiliencia (0262_MarRISK_1_E), through EP INTERREG V A España-Portugal (POCTEP) program, and by the project EsCo-Ensembles (PTDC/ECI-EGC/30877/2017), co-financed by NORTE 2020, Portugal 2020 and the European Union through the ERDF, and by FCT through national funds

Modelação da hidrodinâmica e da morfodinâmica na costa Noroeste de Portugal em cenários de alterações climáticas

No presente artigo, é apresentada a modelação de três trechos costeiros na costa Noroeste portuguesa. Apresentam-se as metodologias de construção, calibração e validação de modelos de propagação da agitação marítima e resultados de níveis extremos para diferentes cenários de alterações climáticas nos três trechos e de morfodinâmica de curto termo numa das praias. É aplicado o software SWAN na implementação de um modelo regional da zona costeira da Península Ibérica, que possibilita a aplicação de uma metodologia de downscaling dinâmico de resultados de modelos globais (atmosféricos e oceânicos), a qual permite a utilização de modelos locais de elevada resolução espacial (Delft3D). A interação dos dois modelos assim acoplados permite simular a propagação da agitação marítima até localizações próximas da costa. A modelação dos processos costeiros que governam a dinâmica sedimentar na interface mar-terra foi realizada com o software XBeach integrado no sistema de modelação SWAN+Delft3D.This paper presents a modelling work of three coastal stretches at the Northwest coast of Portugal. The implementation, calibration and validation methodologies of wave propagation models and extreme levels simulation for different climate change scenarios are presented for three coastal stretches and the short term morphodynamics is presented for one of the beaches. SWAN software is applied for the implementation of a regional coastal model of the Iberian Peninsula, which enables the application of a dynamic downscaling methodology for global (atmospheric and oceanic) model results, allowing the use of local models of high spatial resolution (Delft3D). The interaction of the two coupled models allows simulating the propagation of waves to near shore locations. Modelling of sediment dynamics at the sea-land interface was performed using XBeach software integrated with the SWAN + Delft3D modelling system.Este estudo foi parcialmente apoiado pelo fundo estratégico UID/ Multi/04423/2019 através de fundos nacionais da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia e o Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (ERDF), no âmbito do programa PT2020

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements