Cyclin N-Terminal Domain-Containing-1 Coordinates Meiotic Crossover Formation with Cell-Cycle Progression in a Cyclin-Independent Manner

During mammalian meiotic prophase I, programmed DNA double-strand breaks are repaired by non-crossover or crossover events, the latter predominantly occurring via the class I crossover pathway and requiring the cyclin N-terminal domain-containing 1(CNTD1) protein. Using an epitope-tagged Cntd1 allele, we detect a short isoform of CNTD1 in vivo that lacks a predicted N-terminal cyclin domain and does not bind cyclin-dependent kinases. Instead, we find that the short-form CNTD1 variant associates with components of the replication factor C (RFC) machinery to facilitate crossover formation, and with the E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme, CDC34, to regulate ubiquitylation and subsequent degradation of the WEE1 kinase, thereby modulating cell-cycle progression. We propose that these interactions facilitate a role for CNTD1 as a stop-go regulator during prophase I, ensuring accurate and complete crossover formation before allowing metaphase progression and the first meiotic division

US SOLAS Science Report

The Surface Ocean – Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS) (http://www.solas-int.org/) is an international research initiative focused on understanding the key biogeochemical-physical interactions and feedbacks between the ocean and atmosphere that are critical elements of climate and global biogeochemical cycles. Following the release of the SOLAS Decadal Science Plan (2015-2025) (Brévière et al., 2016), the Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction Committee (OAIC) was formed as a subcommittee of the Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry (OCB) Scientific Steering Committee to coordinate US SOLAS efforts and activities, facilitate interactions among atmospheric and ocean scientists, and strengthen US contributions to international SOLAS. In October 2019, with support from OCB, the OAIC convened an open community workshop, Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions: Scoping directions for new research with the goal of fostering new collaborations and identifying knowledge gaps and high-priority science questions to formulate a US SOLAS Science Plan. Based on presentations and discussions at the workshop, the OAIC and workshop participants have developed this US SOLAS Science Plan. The first part of the workshop and this Science Plan were purposefully designed around the five themes of the SOLAS Decadal Science Plan (2015-2025) (Brévière et al., 2016) to provide a common set of research priorities and ensure a more cohesive US contribution to international SOLAS.This report was developed with federal support of NSF (OCE-1558412) and NASA (NNX17AB17G)

US SOLAS Science Report

The article of record may be found at https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/27821The Surface Ocean – Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS) (http://www.solas-int.org/) is an international research initiative focused on understanding the key biogeochemical-physical interactions and feedbacks between the ocean and atmosphere that are critical elements of climate and global biogeochemical cycles. Following the release of the SOLAS Decadal Science Plan (2015-2025) (Brévière et al., 2016), the Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction Committee (OAIC) was formed as a subcommittee of the Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry (OCB) Scientific Steering Committee to coordinate US SOLAS efforts and activities, facilitate interactions among atmospheric and ocean scientists, and strengthen US contributions to international SOLAS. In October 2019, with support from OCB, the OAIC convened an open community workshop, Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions: Scoping directions for new research with the goal of fostering new collaborations and identifying knowledge gaps and high-priority science questions to formulate a US SOLAS Science Plan. Based on presentations and discussions at the workshop, the OAIC and workshop participants have developed this US SOLAS Science Plan. The first part of the workshop and this Science Plan were purposefully designed around the five themes of the SOLAS Decadal Science Plan (2015-2025) (Brévière et al., 2016) to provide a common set of research priorities and ensure a more cohesive US contribution to international SOLAS.This report was developed with federal support of NSF (OCE-1558412) and NASA (NNX17AB17G).This report was developed with federal support of NSF (OCE-1558412) and NASA (NNX17AB17G)

XAF1 as a modifier of p53 function and cancer susceptibility

Cancer risk is highly variable in carriers of the common TP53-R337H founder allele, possibly due to the influence of modifier genes. Whole-genome sequencing identified a variant in the tumor suppressor XAF1 (E134*/Glu134Ter/rs146752602) in a subset of R337H carriers. Haplotype-defining variants were verified in 203 patients with cancer, 582 relatives, and 42,438 newborns. The compound mutant haplotype was enriched in patients with cancer, conferring risk for sarcoma (P = 0.003) and subsequent malignancies (P = 0.006). Functional analyses demonstrated that wild-type XAF1 enhances transactivation of wild-type and hypomorphic TP53 variants, whereas XAF1-E134* is markedly attenuated in this activity. We propose that cosegregation of XAF1-E134* and TP53-R337H mutations leads to a more aggressive cancer phenotype than TP53-R337H alone, with implications for genetic counseling and clinical management of hypomorphic TP53 mutant carriers.Fil: Pinto, Emilia M.. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Figueiredo, Bonald C.. Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Principe; BrasilFil: Chen, Wenan. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Galvao, Henrique C.R.. Hospital de Câncer de Barretos; BrasilFil: Formiga, Maria Nirvana. A.c.camargo Cancer Center; BrasilFil: Fragoso, Maria Candida B.V.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Ashton Prolla, Patricia. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Ribeiro, Enilze M.S.F.. Universidade Federal do Paraná; BrasilFil: Felix, Gabriela. Universidade Federal da Bahia; BrasilFil: Costa, Tatiana E.B.. Hospital Infantil Joana de Gusmao; BrasilFil: Savage, Sharon A.. National Cancer Institute; Estados UnidosFil: Yeager, Meredith. National Cancer Institute; Estados UnidosFil: Palmero, Edenir I.. Hospital de Câncer de Barretos; BrasilFil: Volc, Sahlua. Hospital de Câncer de Barretos; BrasilFil: Salvador, Hector. Hospital Sant Joan de Deu Barcelona; EspañaFil: Fuster Soler, Jose Luis. Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca; EspañaFil: Lavarino, Cinzia. Hospital Sant Joan de Deu Barcelona; EspañaFil: Chantada, Guillermo Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Vaur, Dominique. Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse; FranciaFil: Odone Filho, Vicente. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Brugières, Laurence. Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy; FranciaFil: Else, Tobias. University of Michigan; Estados UnidosFil: Stoffel, Elena M.. University of Michigan; Estados UnidosFil: Maxwell, Kara N.. University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Achatz, Maria Isabel. Hospital Sirio-libanês; BrasilFil: Kowalski, Luis. A.c.camargo Cancer Center; BrasilFil: De Andrade, Kelvin C.. National Cancer Institute; Estados UnidosFil: Pappo, Alberto. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Letouze, Eric. Centre de Recherche Des Cordeliers; FranciaFil: Latronico, Ana Claudia. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Mendonca, Berenice B.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Almeida, Madson Q.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Brondani, Vania B.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Bittar, Camila M.. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Soares, Emerson W.S.. Hospital Do Câncer de Cascavel; BrasilFil: Mathias, Carolina. Universidade Federal do Paraná; BrasilFil: Ramos, Cintia R.N.. Hospital de Câncer de Barretos; BrasilFil: Machado, Moara. National Cancer Institute; Estados UnidosFil: Zhou, Weiyin. National Cancer Institute; Estados UnidosFil: Jones, Kristine. National Cancer Institute; Estados UnidosFil: Vogt, Aurelie. National Cancer Institute; Estados UnidosFil: Klincha, Payal P.. National Cancer Institute; Estados UnidosFil: Santiago, Karina M.. A.c.camargo Cancer Center; BrasilFil: Komechen, Heloisa. Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Principe; BrasilFil: Paraizo, Mariana M.. Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Principe; BrasilFil: Parise, Ivy Z.S.. Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Principe; BrasilFil: Hamilton, Kayla V.. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Wang, Jinling. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Rampersaud, Evadnie. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Clay, Michael R.. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Murphy, Andrew J.. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Lalli, Enzo. Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire; FranciaFil: Nichols, Kim E.. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Ribeiro, Raul C.. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Rodriguez-Galindo, Carlos. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Korbonits, Marta. Queen Mary University of London; Reino UnidoFil: Zhang, Jinghui. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Thomas, Mark G.. Colegio Universitario de Londres; Reino UnidoFil: Connelly, Jon P.. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Pruett-Miller, Shondra. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Diekmann, Yoan. Colegio Universitario de Londres; Reino UnidoFil: Neale, Geoffrey. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Wu, Gang. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Zambetti, Gerard P.. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Estados Unido

Elective Cancer Surgery in COVID-19-Free Surgical Pathways During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: An International, Multicenter, Comparative Cohort Study.

PURPOSE: As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19-free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19-free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS: Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19-free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19-free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score-matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION: Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19-free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

Elective cancer surgery in COVID-19-free surgical pathways during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: An international, multicenter, comparative cohort study

PURPOSE As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19–free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19–free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19–free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19–free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score–matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19–free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

The Eleventh and Twelfth Data Releases of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Final Data from SDSS-III

The third generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-III) took data from 2008 to 2014 using the original SDSS wide-field imager, the original and an upgraded multi-object fiber-fed optical spectrograph, a new near-infrared high-resolution spectrograph, and a novel optical interferometer. All of the data from SDSS-III are now made public. In particular, this paper describes Data Release 11 (DR11) including all data acquired through 2013 July, and Data Release 12 (DR12) adding data acquired through 2014 July (including all data included in previous data releases), marking the end of SDSS-III observing. Relative to our previous public release (DR10), DR12 adds one million new spectra of galaxies and quasars from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) over an additional 3000 deg2 of sky, more than triples the number of H-band spectra of stars as part of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE), and includes repeated accurate radial velocity measurements of 5500 stars from the Multi-object APO Radial Velocity Exoplanet Large-area Survey (MARVELS). The APOGEE outputs now include the measured abundances of 15 different elements for each star. In total, SDSS-III added 5200 deg2 of ugriz imaging; 155,520 spectra of 138,099 stars as part of the Sloan Exploration of Galactic Understanding and Evolution 2 (SEGUE-2) survey; 2,497,484 BOSS spectra of 1,372,737 galaxies, 294,512 quasars, and 247,216 stars over 9376 deg2; 618,080 APOGEE spectra of 156,593 stars; and 197,040 MARVELS spectra of 5513 stars. Since its first light in 1998, SDSS has imaged over 1/3 of the Celestial sphere in five bands and obtained over five million astronomical spectra. \ua9 2015. The American Astronomical Society

4to. Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad. Memoria académica

Este volumen acoge la memoria académica de la Cuarta edición del Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad, CITIS 2017, desarrollado entre el 29 de noviembre y el 1 de diciembre de 2017 y organizado por la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (UPS) en su sede de Guayaquil. El Congreso ofreció un espacio para la presentación, difusión e intercambio de importantes investigaciones nacionales e internacionales ante la comunidad universitaria que se dio cita en el encuentro. El uso de herramientas tecnológicas para la gestión de los trabajos de investigación como la plataforma Open Conference Systems y la web de presentación del Congreso http://citis.blog.ups.edu.ec/, hicieron de CITIS 2017 un verdadero referente entre los congresos que se desarrollaron en el país. La preocupación de nuestra Universidad, de presentar espacios que ayuden a generar nuevos y mejores cambios en la dimensión humana y social de nuestro entorno, hace que se persiga en cada edición del evento la presentación de trabajos con calidad creciente en cuanto a su producción científica. Quienes estuvimos al frente de la organización, dejamos plasmado en estas memorias académicas el intenso y prolífico trabajo de los días de realización del Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad al alcance de todos y todas