Pre-service mathematics teachers interpret observed teachers’ responses to students’ statements

International audienceIn this paper, we will present and exemplify a three-level category scheme used for categorizing the depth of interpretations pre-service mathematics teachers offer for teachers’ responses to students’ mathematical thinking in observed critical events. The category scheme is a result of top-down literature analysis and bottom-up analysis of 38 critical event reports submitted during one academic year within a clinical preparation context. This category scheme may help teacher educators to gain a better understanding of PTs’ interpretations of teachers’ responses, and therefore to plan field-based training programs that help PTs to broaden their theory-practice connection

Pre-service mathematics teachers interpret observed teachers’ responses to students’ statements

International audienceIn this paper, we will present and exemplify a three-level category scheme used for categorizing the depth of interpretations pre-service mathematics teachers offer for teachers’ responses to students’ mathematical thinking in observed critical events. The category scheme is a result of top-down literature analysis and bottom-up analysis of 38 critical event reports submitted during one academic year within a clinical preparation context. This category scheme may help teacher educators to gain a better understanding of PTs’ interpretations of teachers’ responses, and therefore to plan field-based training programs that help PTs to broaden their theory-practice connection

Smaller total and subregional cerebellar volumes in posttraumatic stress disorder: a mega-analysis by the ENIGMA-PGC PTSD workgroup

Although the cerebellum contributes to higher-order cognitive and emotional functions relevant to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), prior research on cerebellar volume in PTSD is scant, particularly when considering subregions that differentially map on to motor, cognitive, and affective functions. In a sample of 4215 adults (PTSD n = 1642; Control n = 2573) across 40 sites from the ENIGMA-PGC PTSD working group, we employed a new state-of-the-art deep-learning based approach for automatic cerebellar parcellation to obtain volumetric estimates for the total cerebellum and 28 subregions. Linear mixed effects models controlling for age, gender, intracranial volume, and site were used to compare cerebellum volumes in PTSD compared to healthy controls (88% trauma-exposed). PTSD was associated with significant grey and white matter reductions of the cerebellum. Compared to controls, people with PTSD demonstrated smaller total cerebellum volume, as well as reduced volume in subregions primarily within the posterior lobe (lobule VIIB, crus II), vermis (VI, VIII), flocculonodular lobe (lobule X), and corpus medullare (all p-FDR < 0.05). Effects of PTSD on volume were consistent, and generally more robust, when examining symptom severity rather than diagnostic status. These findings implicate regionally specific cerebellar volumetric differences in the pathophysiology of PTSD. The cerebellum appears to play an important role in higher-order cognitive and emotional processes, far beyond its historical association with vestibulomotor function. Further examination of the cerebellum in trauma-related psychopathology will help to clarify how cerebellar structure and function may disrupt cognitive and affective processes at the center of translational models for PTSD