Nursing Care for Pregnant Adolescents

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/73476/1/0884217503252191.pd

Acculturation or development? Autonomy expectations among ethnic German immigrant adolescents and their native German age-mates

This longitudinal study compared immigrant and native adolescents' expectations concerning the timing of conventional socially acceptable and oppositional less socially acceptable forms of autonomy. Based on normative development and a collectivist background among immigrants, both developmental and acculturative change was expected. The sample consisted of 523 ethnic German immigrants from the former Soviet Union and 475 native German adolescents, both groups divided into an early (age 12.5years) and a late (age 16years) adolescent group. Results revealed more developmental than acculturative change, as immigrants and natives mostly showed a similar rate of change in autonomy expectations. Acculturative change was found only for oppositional autonomy among late adolescent immigrants, whose later expectations approached those of their native age-mates over time

Gravidez na adolescência e baixo peso ao nascer: existe associação? Embarazo en la adolescencia y bajo peso al nacer: ¿existe asociación? Pregnancy in teenagers and low birthweight infant: is there an association?

OBJETIVO: Verificar a associação entre gravidez na adolescência (dez a 19 anos) e baixo peso ao nascer. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal realizado em maternidade terciária entre junho de 2000 a junho de 2001. Por sorteio aleatório simples, foram selecionadas mães adolescentes e não adolescentes entrevistadas no primeiro dia após o parto. Aplicou-se a análise multivariada por meio de regressão logística das variáveis implicadas com o baixo peso ao nascer. RESULTADOS: Foram selecionadas 539 duplas (mães e seus respectivos recém-nascidos), sendo 331 (61,4%) mulheres com 20 anos ou mais e 208 (38,5%) abaixo de 20 anos. Entre as adolescentes, 50 bebês (24%) tiveram idade gestacional <37 semanas, enquanto entre as mães acima de 20 anos, 52 (15,7%) eram prematuros (OR 1,58; IC95% 1,00-2,51). Entre as adolescentes, ocorreram 52 (25%) recém-nascidos com peso <2500g e, entre as adultas, 56 (16,9%) tinham baixo peso (OR 1,64; IC95% 1,05-2,56). Entre as que realizaram pré-natal adequado, a ocorrência de baixo peso foi de 12,3% e de 22,1% no grupo cuja assistência foi inadequada. Nesta casuística, a associação encontrada na análise univariada entre baixo peso e mãe adolescente não se manteve na análise multivariada. CONCLUSÕES: Baixo peso ao nascer em gestações na adolescência não pode ser atribuído isoladamente à idade materna.<br>OBJETIVO: Verificar la asociación entre embarazo en la adolescencia (10 a 19 años) y bajo peso al nacer. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal realizado en maternidad terciaria entre junio de 2000 a junio de 2001. Por sorteo aleatorio simple, se seleccionaron madres adolescentes y no adolescentes entrevistadas en el primer día después del parto. Se aplicó el análisis multivariado mediante regresión logística de las variables implicadas con el bajo peso al nacer. RESULTADOS: Se seleccionaron 539 parejas (madres y sus respectivos recién-nacidos), siendo 331 (61,4%) mujeres con 20 años o más y 208 (38,5%) abajo de los 20 años. Entre las adolescentes, 50 bebés (24%) tuvieron edad gestacional <37 semanas, mientras que entre las madres con más de 20 años, 52 (15,7%) eran prematuros (OR 1,58; IC95% 1,00-2,51). Entre las adolescentes, ocurrieron 52 (25%) recién nacidos con peso <2.500g entre las adultas, 56 (16,9%) tenían bajo peso (OR 1,64; IC95% 1,05-2,56). Entre las que realizaron prenatal adecuado, la ocurrencia de bajo peso fue de 12,3% y de 22,1% en el grupo cuya asistencia fue inadecuada. En esa casuística, la asociación encontrada en el análisis bivariado entre bajo peso y madre adolescente no se mantuvo en el análisis multivariado. CONCLUSIONES: Bajo peso al nacer en gestaciones en la adolescencia no puede ser atribuido aisladamente a la edad materna.<br>OBJECTIVE: To study the association between teenage pregnancy (ten to 19 years old) and low birthweight. METHODS: Cross-sectional study carried out at a tertiary center from June 2000 to June 2001. A simple random drawing selected teenagers and adult mothers who were interviewed during the first day after birth. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression of variables related to low birthweight was applied. RESULTS: 539 pairs (mothers and their newborns) were studied - 331 (61.4%) women with 20 years old or more and 208 (38.5%) <20 years old. Among the adolescents, 50 (24%) infants had gestational age <37 weeks, whereas among mothers over 20 years old, 52 (15.7%) were preterm (OR 1.58; 95%CI 1.00-2.51). Among the adolescent and adult women, there were respectively 52 (25%) and 56 (16.9%) newborns <2500g (OR 1.64; 95%CI 1.05-2.56). Among those who had adequate prenatal care, low birth weight was detected in 12.3 and 22.1% of mothers with adequate and inadequate prenatal care, respectively. The association found in the univariate analysis between low birth weight and maternal age was not sustained in the multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Low birth weight in teenage pregnancies can not be attributed only to maternal age

Pathological consequences of systemic measles virus infection

The identification of poliovirus receptor-like 4 (PVRL4) as the second natural receptor for measles virus (MV) has closed a major gap in our understanding of measles pathogenesis, and explains how this predominantly lymphotropic virus breaks through epithelial barriers to transmit to a susceptible host. Advances in the development of wild-type, recombinant MVs which express fluorescent proteins making infected cells readily detectable in living tissues and animals, has also increased our understanding of this important and highly transmissible human disease. Thus, it is timely to review how these advances have provided new insights into MV infection of immune, epithelial and neural cells. This demands access to primate samples that help us understand the early and acute stages of the disease, which are challenging to dissect due to the mild/self-limiting nature of the infection. It also requires well-characterized and rather rare human tissue samples from patients who succumb to neurological sequelae to help study the consequences of the long-term persistence of this RNA virus in vivo. Collectively, these studies have provided unique insights into how the use of two cellular receptors, CD150 and PVRL4, governs the in vivo tissue-specific temporal patterns of virus spread and resulting pathological lesions. Analysis of tissue samples has also demonstrated the importance of differing mechanisms of virus cell-to-cell spread within lymphoid, epithelial and neural tissues in the dissemination of MV during acute and long-term persistent infections. Given the incentive to eradicate MV globally, and the inevitable question as to whether or not vaccination should cease in light of the existence of closely related morbilliviruses, a thorough understanding of measles pathological lesions is essential. Copyright (c) 2014 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd