Preparação de blends tendo por base azeites virgem extra monovarietais das Cvs Cobrançosa e Arbequina

O azeite é a principal fonte de gordura vegetal na dieta Mediterrânea. Os seus atributos sensoriais e composição química fazem com que seja muito apreciado. Após extração do azeite, a constituição de lotes/blends com características sensoriais, que sejam apreciadas pelos consumidores, e que simultaneamente apresentem boas características químicas e que sejam estáveis no tempo é um dos grandes desafios com que se deparam as indústrias. Este trabalho teve como objetivo, estudar a preparação de lotes/blends para entrada imediata no mercado, a partir de azeites monovarietais das Cvs. Cobrançosa e Arbequina. Foram preparados lotes, com percentagens crescentes de 10%, dos 0% aos 100%, de mistura de azeite de ambas as cultivares. Ao fim de 45 dias de armazenamento, procedeu-se à determinação dos parâmetros de qualidade, teor em fenóis totais, inibição do radical DPPH, estabilidade oxidativa e avaliação sensorial. Nos diferentes lotes preparados, verificou-se que os que tinham maiores proporções de Arbequina, eram mais doces, menos amargos e picantes, o que permitia uma entrada mais rápida no mercado, enquanto os que tinham maiores quantidades de Cobrançosa apresentavam-se mais verdes, amargos e picantes persistentes o que indica não serem aceites tão facilmente pelos consumidores. O loteamento dos azeites apresenta alterações ao nível do K232 e K270 com valores inferiores para os lotes constituídos maioritariamente pela Cv. Arbequina, não havendo alterações no ΔK. Também ao nível da acidez e índice de peróxidos se registaram algumas alterações, devidas sobretudo aos lotes usados como base. Foi observado um aumento gradual da extensão da degradação oxidativa com o aumento da Cv. Arbequina, verificado através do aumento do índice de peróxido na mesma. No que respeita à resistência à oxidação verificou-se diferenças estatísticas significativas (P < 0,001), com efeito protetor superior nos azeites com maior presença da Cv. Cobraçosa. Para a atividade antioxidante, com o aumento da presença da Cv. Arbequina na mistura, uma redução gradual de até 22% na capacidade em sequestrar o radical DPPH foi observada.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Alterações ocorridas em azeites monovarietais das Cvs Cobrançosa e Arbequina ao longo do armazenamento

As caraterísticas sensoriais únicas e a composição química, rica em antioxidantes e ácidos gordos monoinsaturados, fazem com que o azeite seja muito apreciado e valorizado. Contudo, estas caraterísticas sofrem alterações durante o seu armazenamento, sobretudo devido a processos de oxidação, que são influenciados composição química, muito dependente da variedade da qual o azeite foi extraído, do tempo e condições de armazenamento. Assim, em azeites monovarietais das Cvs Arbequina e Cobrançosa, estudaram-se as alterações físico-químicas que ocorrem ao longo dos primeiros 6 meses de azeites armazenados à temperatura ambiente e no escuro, simulando as condições de armazenamento da maioria dos lagares da região de Trás-os-Montes. Foram constituídos diferentes lotes, e nos tempos zero, 1,5; 3,0; 4,5 e 6,0 meses de armazenamento foi avaliada a acidez, o ìndice de peróxidos, os coeficientes de absorção específicos (K232, K270 e ΔK), o ter em fenóis totais, a atividade sequestrante de radicais de DPPH e a estabilidade oxidativa pelo método Rancimat. Foram realizados três ensaios independentes a as determinações efetuadas em triplicado. Os resultados indicam não haver alterações com o armazenamento em alguns dos parâmetros avaliados como a acidez, com valores constantes a variar entre 0,1 e 0,2%, em % de ácido oleico, os valores de K270 e ΔK. Contudo, o índice de peróxidos aumentou significativamente nos azeites de ambas as variedades, com acréscimos de 94 e 50% respetivamente nos azeites da Cv. Arbequina e Cobrançosa, tendência também observada para os valores de K232. Tendencia contrária foi observada no teor em fenóis totais, que diminuíram 13% nos azeites de Arbequina e 27% na Cobrançosa; da atividade antioxidante e estabilidade oxidativa, ainda que sem reduções tão pronunciadas. Os resultados indicam que nos primeiros seis meses de armazenamento os processos de degradação são pouco pronunciados, ainda que sejam notórias as diferenças de dos azeites de ambas as variedades, com uma oxidação mais acelerada da Cv. Arbequina em relação à Cv. Cobrançosa.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Production of fructo-oligosaccharides by Aspergillus ibericus and their chemical characterization

A great demand for prebiotics is driving the search for new sources of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) producers and for FOS with differentiated functionalities. In the present work, FOS production by a new isolated strain of Aspergillus ibericus was evaluated. The temperature of fermentation and initial pH were optimized in shaken flask to yield a maximal FOS production, through a central composite experimental design. FOS were produced in a one-step bioprocess using the whole cells of the microorganism. The model (R2 = 0.918) predicted a yield of 0.56, experimentally 0.53 ± 0.03 gFOS.ginitial sucrose1 was obtained (37.0 °C and a pH of 6.2). A yield of 0.64 ± 0.02 gFOS.ginitial sucrose1 was obtained in the bioreactor, at 38 h, with a content of 118 ± 4 g.L1 in FOS and a purity of 56 ± 3%. The chemical structure of the FOS produced by A. ibericus was determined by HPLC and NMR. FOS were identified as 1-kestose, nystose, and 1F-fructofuranosylnystose. In conclusion, A. ibericus was found to be a good alternative FOS producer.Clarisse Nobre acknowledges the Portuguese Foundation forScience and Technology (FCT) for her Post-Doc Grant [ref. SFRH/BPD/87498/ 2012] and the project RECI/BBB-EBI/0179/2012 (FCOMP-01-0124FEDER-027462), the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2013 unit, COMPETE 2020 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006684), BioTecNorte operation(NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000004) and the project MultiBiorefinery (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016403) funded by European Regional Development Fund under the scope of Norte2020 - Programa Operacional Regional do Norte.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Observation of a new chi_b state in radiative transitions to Upsilon(1S) and Upsilon(2S) at ATLAS

The chi_b(nP) quarkonium states are produced in proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV and recorded by the ATLAS detector. Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.4 fb^-1, these states are reconstructed through their radiative decays to Upsilon(1S,2S) with Upsilon->mu+mu-. In addition to the mass peaks corresponding to the decay modes chi_b(1P,2P)->Upsilon(1S)gamma, a new structure centered at a mass of 10.530+/-0.005 (stat.)+/-0.009 (syst.) GeV is also observed, in both the Upsilon(1S)gamma and Upsilon(2S)gamma decay modes. This is interpreted as the chi_b(3P) system.Comment: 5 pages plus author list (18 pages total), 2 figures, 1 table, corrected author list, matches final version in Physical Review Letter

Search for displaced vertices arising from decays of new heavy particles in 7 TeV pp collisions at ATLAS

We present the results of a search for new, heavy particles that decay at a significant distance from their production point into a final state containing charged hadrons in association with a high-momentum muon. The search is conducted in a pp-collision data sample with a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 33 pb^-1 collected in 2010 by the ATLAS detector operating at the Large Hadron Collider. Production of such particles is expected in various scenarios of physics beyond the standard model. We observe no signal and place limits on the production cross-section of supersymmetric particles in an R-parity-violating scenario as a function of the neutralino lifetime. Limits are presented for different squark and neutralino masses, enabling extension of the limits to a variety of other models.Comment: 8 pages plus author list (20 pages total), 8 figures, 1 table, final version to appear in Physics Letters

Reducing heterotic M-theory to five dimensional supergravity on a manifold with boundary

This paper constructs the reduction of heterotic $M$-theory in eleven dimensions to a supergravity model on a manifold with boundary in five dimensions using a Calabi-Yau three-fold. New results are presented for the boundary terms in the action and for the boundary conditions on the bulk fields. Some general features of dualisation on a manifold with boundary are used to explain the origin of some topological terms in the action. The effect of gaugino condensation on the fermion boundary conditions leads to a `twist' in the chirality of the gravitino which can provide an uplifting mechanism in the vacuum energy to cancel the cosmological constant after moduli stabilisation.Comment: 16 pages, RevTe

Measurement of the inclusive isolated prompt photon cross-section in pp collisions at sqrt(s)= 7 TeV using 35 pb-1 of ATLAS data

A measurement of the differential cross-section for the inclusive production of isolated prompt photons in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy sqrt(s) = 7 TeV is presented. The measurement covers the pseudorapidity ranges |eta|<1.37 and 1.52<=|eta|<2.37 in the transverse energy range 45<=E_T<400GeV. The results are based on an integrated luminosity of 35 pb-1, collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The yields of the signal photons are measured using a data-driven technique, based on the observed distribution of the hadronic energy in a narrow cone around the photon candidate and the photon selection criteria. The results are compared with next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations and found to be in good agreement over four orders of magnitude in cross-section.Comment: 7 pages plus author list (18 pages total), 2 figures, 4 tables, final version published in Physics Letters

Measurement of the production cross section of prompt j/psi mesons in association with a W (+/-) boson in pp collisions root s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The process pp → W±J/ψ provides a powerful probe of the production mechanism of charmonium in hadronic collisions, and is also sensitive to multiple parton interactions in the colliding protons. Using the 2011 ATLAS dataset of 4.5 fb-1 of p s = 7TeV pp collisions at the LHC, the first observation is made of the production of W± + prompt J/ events in hadronic collisions, using W± → μ and J/ψ → μ+μ-. A yield of 27.4±7.5 -6.5 W± + prompt J/ψ events is observed, with a statistical significance of 5.1. The production rate as a ratio to the inclusive W± boson production rate is measured, and the double parton scattering contribution to the cross section is estimated. Copyright CERN, for the benefit of the ATLAS Collaboration

Measurement of D*+/- meson production in jets from pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper reports a measurement of D*+/- meson production in jets from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The measurement is based on a data sample recorded with the ATLAS detector with an integrated luminosity of 0.30 pb^-1 for jets with transverse momentum between 25 and 70 GeV in the pseudorapidity range |eta| < 2.5. D*+/- mesons found in jets are fully reconstructed in the decay chain: D*+ -> D0pi+, D0 -> K-pi+, and its charge conjugate. The production rate is found to be N(D*+/-)/N(jet) = 0.025 +/- 0.001(stat.) +/- 0.004(syst.) for D*+/- mesons that carry a fraction z of the jet momentum in the range 0.3 < z < 1. Monte Carlo predictions fail to describe the data at small values of z, and this is most marked at low jet transverse momentum.Comment: 10 pages plus author list (22 pages total), 5 figures, 1 table, matches published version in Physical Review