DIAGNÓSTICO E PREVENÇÃO DA DENGUE EM UMA ÁREA DE COBERTURA DA ESTRATÉGIA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA

O objetivo deste artigo é descrever e discutir a aplicação do Planejamento e Programação Local em Saúde (PPLS) para o diagnóstico de problemas em população da área de abrangência de uma Unidade de Saúde da Família (USF) de dado município do nordeste brasileiro, situada no entorno de uma universidade, como parte de uma atividade de aquisição de habilidades e competências médicas na graduação. Diagnosticada como um dos principais problemas de saúde pública, a Dengue foi priorizada na elaboração de um projeto de intervenção para sua prevenção composto por atividades de sensibilização e educação, que foram executadas no espaço de um ano, em parceria com a USF, o Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF) de referência e entidades da comunidade alvo, como a Associação de Catadores de Material Reciclável. Constatou-se que, mesmo sendo a Dengue um agravo muito veiculado pela mídia e com amplas formas de enfrentamento já praticadas pelo próprio sistema de saúde, ainda se mantinha mal dimensionada, enquanto problema, em face da resistência da população em modificar seus hábitos. O uso do PPLS se mostrou útil não apenas no sentido de organizar, executar e avaliar as intervenções propostas, mas como método que pode ser incorporado às práticas das equipes do Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). Experiências de transformação de realidades complexas, realizadas por alunos de medicina, poderão repercutir não apenas na sua formação, mas no processo de trabalho de equipes da ESF

CARDIOVASCULAR EFFECTS OF FREE OR COMPLEXED LINALOOL WITH Β-CYCLODEXTRIN: A FOCUS FOR ANTIHYPERTENSIVE ACTION

Investigating the cardiovascular effects of natural compounds, such as linalool, has aroused interest due to the potential impact on cardiovascular health. Linalool, a component present in several essential oils, has demonstrated promising pharmacological properties, including antihypertensive activity. However, its bioavailability and efficacy can be influenced by complexation with β-cyclodextrin, a strategy frequently used to improve the solubility and stability of bioactive substances. This study aimed to carry out a systematic review of the literature, exploring the cardiovascular effects of free linalool and linalool complexed with β-cyclodextrin. Objective: To investigate the cardiovascular effects of free linalool and linalool complexed with β-cyclodextrin, with emphasis on the antihypertensive action, through a systematic review of the literature. Methodology: The review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science databases were consulted, using the descriptors "linalool", "β-cyclodextrin", "cardiovascular effects", "antihypertensive" and "complexation". The inclusion criteria covered studies published in the last 10 years, focusing on in vivo experiments, clinical trials and systematic reviews. Articles unrelated to the topic, duplicate studies and those without peer review were excluded. Results: They revealed that linalool, when complexed with β-cyclodextrin, presented greater bioavailability and stability, enhancing its antihypertensive action. In vivo studies have demonstrated a significant reduction in blood pressure in hypertensive animal models. Furthermore, the complexation positively influenced the gastrointestinal absorption of linalool. These findings suggest that the complexed formulation may represent an effective approach to improving the cardiovascular effects of linalool. Conclusion: The systematic review highlights the relevance of complexing linalool to β-cyclodextrin as a strategy to enhance its antihypertensive effects. Understanding these mechanisms can contribute to the development of more effective pharmaceutical formulations in the management of hypertension, promoting advances in cardiovascular therapy.Investigating the cardiovascular effects of natural compounds, such as linalool, has aroused interest due to the potential impact on cardiovascular health. Linalool, a component present in several essential oils, has demonstrated promising pharmacological properties, including antihypertensive activity. However, its bioavailability and efficacy can be influenced by complexation with β-cyclodextrin, a strategy frequently used to improve the solubility and stability of bioactive substances. This study aimed to carry out a systematic review of the literature, exploring the cardiovascular effects of free linalool and linalool complexed with β-cyclodextrin. Objective: To investigate the cardiovascular effects of free linalool and linalool complexed with β-cyclodextrin, with emphasis on the antihypertensive action, through a systematic review of the literature. Methodology: The review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science databases were consulted, using the descriptors "linalool", "β-cyclodextrin", "cardiovascular effects", "antihypertensive" and "complexation". The inclusion criteria covered studies published in the last 10 years, focusing on in vivo experiments, clinical trials and systematic reviews. Articles unrelated to the topic, duplicate studies and those without peer review were excluded. Results: They revealed that linalool, when complexed with β-cyclodextrin, presented greater bioavailability and stability, enhancing its antihypertensive action. In vivo studies have demonstrated a significant reduction in blood pressure in hypertensive animal models. Furthermore, the complexation positively influenced the gastrointestinal absorption of linalool. These findings suggest that the complexed formulation may represent an effective approach to improving the cardiovascular effects of linalool. Conclusion: The systematic review highlights the relevance of complexing linalool to β-cyclodextrin as a strategy to enhance its antihypertensive effects. Understanding these mechanisms can contribute to the development of more effective pharmaceutical formulations in the management of hypertension, promoting advances in cardiovascular therapy

USE OF ATHEROGENIC INDICES AS ASSESSMENT METHODS FOR CLINICAL ATHEROSCLEROTIC DISEASES

Accurate assessment of clinical atherosclerotic diseases is essential to guide effective therapeutic interventions, and atherogenic indices have emerged as valuable methods in this setting. The complexity of these pathologies demands approaches that go beyond the simple measurement of total cholesterol, requiring tools that consider the interaction between different lipoproteins and other risk factors. In this context, the use of atherogenic indices appears as a promising approach, providing a more comprehensive and refined assessment of atherosclerotic conditions. Objective: To comprehensively analyze scientific studies published in the last 10 years that investigated the use of atherogenic indices as methods of evaluating clinical atherosclerotic diseases. The review seeks to consolidate the available evidence by examining the effectiveness of these indices in early identification, risk stratification and monitoring the progress of atherosclerotic diseases. Methodology: The systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science databases were consulted to identify relevant studies published in the last 10 years. The descriptors used were "atherogenic indices", "atherosclerotic diseases", "clinical assessment", "lipoproteins" and "cardiovascular risk factors". Inclusion criteria considered original studies that investigated the use of atherogenic indices in clinical populations, while exclusion criteria involved studies with unrepresentative samples and inadequate atherosclerotic assessment methods. Results: The results of the review highlight the diversity of available atherogenic indices and their usefulness in evaluating different aspects of atherosclerotic diseases, including prediction of cardiovascular events, risk stratification and treatment monitoring. The analysis identified indices that proved to be particularly sensitive and specific in different clinical contexts. Conclusion: In summary, the systematic review highlights the relevance of atherogenic indices as valuable tools in the assessment of clinical atherosclerotic diseases. The diversity of these indices and their ability to provide comprehensive information highlights their importance in clinical practice, contributing to a more refined and personalized approach to the management of these conditions.Accurate assessment of clinical atherosclerotic diseases is essential to guide effective therapeutic interventions, and atherogenic indices have emerged as valuable methods in this setting. The complexity of these pathologies demands approaches that go beyond the simple measurement of total cholesterol, requiring tools that consider the interaction between different lipoproteins and other risk factors. In this context, the use of atherogenic indices appears as a promising approach, providing a more comprehensive and refined assessment of atherosclerotic conditions. Objective: To comprehensively analyze scientific studies published in the last 10 years that investigated the use of atherogenic indices as methods of evaluating clinical atherosclerotic diseases. The review seeks to consolidate the available evidence by examining the effectiveness of these indices in early identification, risk stratification and monitoring the progress of atherosclerotic diseases. Methodology: The systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science databases were consulted to identify relevant studies published in the last 10 years. The descriptors used were "atherogenic indices", "atherosclerotic diseases", "clinical assessment", "lipoproteins" and "cardiovascular risk factors". Inclusion criteria considered original studies that investigated the use of atherogenic indices in clinical populations, while exclusion criteria involved studies with unrepresentative samples and inadequate atherosclerotic assessment methods. Results: The results of the review highlight the diversity of available atherogenic indices and their usefulness in evaluating different aspects of atherosclerotic diseases, including prediction of cardiovascular events, risk stratification and treatment monitoring. The analysis identified indices that proved to be particularly sensitive and specific in different clinical contexts. Conclusion: In summary, the systematic review highlights the relevance of atherogenic indices as valuable tools in the assessment of clinical atherosclerotic diseases. The diversity of these indices and their ability to provide comprehensive information highlights their importance in clinical practice, contributing to a more refined and personalized approach to the management of these conditions

Beyond faith: Biomolecular evidence for changing urban economies in multi‐faith medieval Portugal

During the Middle Ages, Portugal witnessed unprecedented socioeconomic and religious changes under transitioning religious political rule. The implications of changing ruling powers for urban food systems and individual diets in medieval Portugal is poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the dietary impact of the Islamic and Christian conquests.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The Science Performance of JWST as Characterized in Commissioning

This paper characterizes the actual science performance of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), as determined from the six month commissioning period. We summarize the performance of the spacecraft, telescope, science instruments, and ground system, with an emphasis on differences from pre-launch expectations. Commissioning has made clear that JWST is fully capable of achieving the discoveries for which it was built. Moreover, almost across the board, the science performance of JWST is better than expected; in most cases, JWST will go deeper faster than expected. The telescope and instrument suite have demonstrated the sensitivity, stability, image quality, and spectral range that are necessary to transform our understanding of the cosmos through observations spanning from near-earth asteroids to the most distant galaxies.Comment: 5th version as accepted to PASP; 31 pages, 18 figures; https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1538-3873/acb29

The psychological science accelerator’s COVID-19 rapid-response dataset

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Psychological Science Accelerator coordinated three large-scale psychological studies to examine the effects of loss-gain framing, cognitive reappraisals, and autonomy framing manipulations on behavioral intentions and affective measures. The data collected (April to October 2020) included specific measures for each experimental study, a general questionnaire examining health prevention behaviors and COVID-19 experience, geographical and cultural context characterization, and demographic information for each participant. Each participant started the study with the same general questions and then was randomized to complete either one longer experiment or two shorter experiments. Data were provided by 73,223 participants with varying completion rates. Participants completed the survey from 111 geopolitical regions in 44 unique languages/dialects. The anonymized dataset described here is provided in both raw and processed formats to facilitate re-use and further analyses. The dataset offers secondary analytic opportunities to explore coping, framing, and self-determination across a diverse, global sample obtained at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which can be merged with other time-sampled or geographic data

A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e., a controlling message) compared with no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared with the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly internalized form of motivation relying on one’s core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people’s existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing. Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intention to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges

Correlated long-range mixed-harmonic fluctuations measured in pp, p+Pb and low-multiplicity Pb+Pb collisions with the ATLAS detector

For abstract see published article

Performance of top-quark and W -boson tagging with ATLAS in Run 2 of the LHC

The performance of identification algorithms (“taggers”) for hadronically decaying top quarks and W bosons in pp collisions at √s=13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider is presented. A set of techniques based on jet shape observables are studied to determine a set of optimal cut-based taggers for use in physics analyses. The studies are extended to assess the utility of combinations of substructure observables as a multivariate tagger using boosted decision trees or deep neural networks in comparison with taggers based on two-variable combinations. In addition, for highly boosted top-quark tagging, a deep neural network based on jet constituent inputs as well as a re-optimisation of the shower deconstruction technique is presented. The performance of these taggers is studied in data collected during 2015 and 2016 corresponding to 36.1 fb −1 for the tt ¯ and γ+jet and 36.7 fb −1 −1 for the dijet event topologies