Analytical study of factors affecting on Cyber-bullying using Multi-groups path analysis

تهدف الدراسة لاستخدام أسلوب تحليل المسار بين المجموعات Multigroup path analysis كمنهجية احصائية تستخدم للتحقق من مطابقة نماذج لتحليل المسار بطريقة تنافسية بدلاً من حساب كل نموذج لكل مجموعة على حدة ثم المطابقة بين مؤشراته. وقد استخدم متغير المشراكة الوجدانية كمتغير وسيط تصنيفي. واختيرت عينة الدراسة بصورة عشوائية بسيطة من المتطوعين بلغت قيمتها 151 من طلاب البكالوريوس والليسانس والدراسات العليا وقد استجابت العينة على الصورة الالكترونية للمقاييس. واعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج السببي المقارن. وتبنى الباحث مقاييس التسلط الالكتروني والمشاركة الوجدانية (إعداد: محمود علي موسى، 2019) وتبنى مقياس روسنبرج لتقدير الذات. وتوصلت انتائج إلى تفوق نموذج ذوي المشاركة الوجدانية المرتفعة في مؤشراته. وقد كانت فروق معاملات المسار دالة للمشاعر السلبية كمنبيء بالتسلط الالكتروني. الكلمات المفتاحية: تحليل المسار عبر المجموعات، التسلط الالكتروني، التعاطف، المشاركة الوجدانية، تقدير الذات.    The study aims to use the Multi-groups Path analysis method as a statistical methodology used to verify the matching of models to analyze the path in a competitive model instead of calculating each model for each group separately, and then matching its indicators. The Moderator variable was used as a taxonomic variable. Random sample had been drawn from 151 volunteers' students in bachelor's, and post-graduate studies. The sample responded to the electronic forum of the instrument. The study was based on the comparative causal approach. The researcher adopted scales such as cyber-bullying, Empathy (prepared by Mahmoud Ali Moussa, 2019), and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. The result revealed that the best fitted model was high Empathic participation in the index. Trajectory differentials were the negative emotions predicted of Cyber-bullying. Keywords: Multi-group path analysis, Cyber-Bullying, Self-esteem, Empathy.   &nbsp

differences between alpha coefficients across Self-report Measurements and Cognitive Tasks of Cognitive Load Theory

اعتمدت الدراسة على تحويلات Feldt (1969, 1980) في استخدام الفروق بين معاملات الفا عبر قياسات المرتبطة عبر قياسات متعددة لنظرية العبء المعرفي. وهدفت الدراسة للمقارنة طبيعة القياس عبر قياسات التقرير الذاتي والمهام المعرفية في إجراء البحوث النفسية والتربوية. واعتمد الباحث على مدخل Peterson (1994) لانتقاء حجم العينة الأمثل والتي بلغت 76 طالب وطالبة من طلاب الفرقة الثانية شعبة علم النفس بكلية التربية بالاسماعيلية. وقد اختبر الصدق البنائي للتحقق من العامل العام. وتوصلت النتائج إلى تفوق مقياس التقرير الذاتي في ثباتها وفي قدرتها على إظهار التباين بين أفراد العينة. وأوصت الدراسة بالاعتماد على مقاييس التقرير الذاتي للحكم على السمات المعرفية، وإذا استخدمت المهام المعرفية ينبغي الاعتماد على أداءات تعكس العملية المعرفية في حل المشكلات وتعطى الدرجة على هذه الأداءات في ضوء مقياس ليكرت كمتصل أعلى في تقدير درجة الأداءاتThe study depended on Feldt transformations (1969, 1980) in use of differences between two alpha coefficients across measurements associated with multiple measurements of the cognitive burden theory. The study aimed to compare the self-report and cognitive tasks measurements in Psychological and Educational research. The researcher adopted Peterson (1994) approach to select the optimal sample size, which reached 76 students from the 2nd year of the Psychology department at the Ismailia Faculty of Education. Structural validity had been used to test the common factor structure. The results revealed that self-report scales were superior in their stability and in their ability to show variance among sample participants. The study recommended relying on self-report measures to judge cognitive traits. If cognitive tasks are used, it is necessary to rely on benchmarks that reflect the cognitive process in problem solving. The score on these benchmarks is given in the light of the Likert scale as a higher correlation in estimating the degree of performance

Item bias approaches Comparison of TIMSS test among Egyptian environment

مقارنة بين مداخل الكشف عن تحيز المفردات لإختبار TIMSS للرياضيات في البيئة المصرية مستخلص: هدفت الدراسة للمقارنة بين مداخل الكشف عن تحيز مفردات الاختبارات التحصيلية التي تقع ضمن مستوى القياس الفتري. واعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي في الاجابة عن تساؤلات الدراسة. واعتمدت الدراسة على بيانات الأرشيف لدورتي اختبار الاتجاهات الدولية لتعلم الرياضيات TIMSS 2007 و TIMSS 2015. واستخدمت الدراسة الدالة التمييزية المنتظمة في الكشف عن تحيز المفردات، وقارنت الدراسة بين نتائج طريقتي تحليل التغاير وتحليل الانحدار المتعدد بطريقة stepwise. وتوصلت الدراسة إلى وجود تحيزفي المفردة Alg2 ببعد الجبر.Item bias approaches Comparison of TIMSS test among Egyptian environment Abstract: The study aimed that comprise the item bias approaches of achievement tests. Analytical descriptive approach had been used. TIMSS 2007, and TIMSS 2015 data archive had been used. The uniform differential item functioning methods used to test the item bias. The study comprises between ANCOVA and Multiple regression. The finding was the Alg2 item was biased in Algebra dimension. Keywords: item bias, differential item functioning, test fair

Predictive Accuracy of Social Comparison, Five Big Factors of Personality on Mood Contagion among Social Networking Users of Universities students

The study aimed at Predictive Accuracy of Social Comparison, Five Big Factor of Personality in predicting of Mood Contagion among Social Networking Users of Universities students. The sample consisted of 288 students from volunteers' university stage students. The scales application was performed electronically by the google form platform. The study depended on a correlational approach. The paper used the Mood contagion, five big factors of personality in social networking scales, then the study produced the social comparison scale. The findings proved that two factors Neuroticism and Extraversion had positive effects on mood contagion. Finally, the social comparison had a positive effect on mood contagion

On the study of the recurrence relations and characterizations based on progressive first-failure censoring

In this research, the progressive first-failure censored data (PFFC) from the Kumaraswamy modified inverse-Weibull distribution (KMIWD) were used to obtain the recurrence relations and characterizations for single and product moments. The recurrence relationships allow for a rapid and efficient assessment of the means, variances and covariances for any sample size. Additionally, the paper outcomes can be boiled down to the traditional progressive type-II censoring. Also, some special cases are limited to some lifetime distributions as the exponentiated modified inverse Weibull and Kumaraswamy inverse exponential

الخصائص السيكومترية لمقياس الذاكرة العاملة اللفظية لمصابي متلازمة سافنت

The study aimed to construct a test for the behavioral implications of verbal working memory among Savant syndrome and Verify the factor structure of the test using factor analysis. The study relied on the Geweke & Singleton (1980) approach to select the participants. The study sample consisted of a targeted sample with Savant syndrome. 32 Savant syndrome cases had selected. The verbal working memory test was applied electronically with the help of four colleagues in the field of special education. The applying procedure lasted nine months. The Exploratory Factor Analysis results reached a fitted general factor model. The confirmatory analysis results revealed the fitted construct of the first-order three-factor model structure. The results indicated the possibility of the three-factors loading on a second-order general factor structure. Keywords: Autism; Savant syndrome; Verbal working memory.هدفت الدراسة إلى بناء اختبار للدلالات السلوكية للذاكرة العاملة اللفظية للمصاب بمتلازمة سافنت، والتحقق من البناء العاملي للاختبار باستخدام التحليل العاملي. اعتمد الباحثان على مدخل Geweke & Singleton (1980) لانتقاء عينة الدراسة. تكونت العينة من 32 مصاب بمتلازمة سافنت. أعد الباحثان اختبار الذاكرة العاملة اللفظية وتم تطبيقه بصورة الكترونية عن طريق الاستعانة بأربعة من الزملاء في مجال التربية الخاصة. استمرت إجراءات التطبيق تسعة أشهر. وتوصلت النتائج إلى تشبع مفردات الاختبار على عامل عام في ضوء التحليل العاملي الاستكشافي. وتوصلت نتائج التحليل التوكيدي إلى مصداقية البنية الثلاثية من الرتبة الأولى، وإمكانية تشبع العوامل الثلاث على عامل عام من الرتبة الأولى

Measurement Equivalence of Rosenberg's Self-Esteem: Electronic versus Traditional Scale

هدفت الدراسة إلى المفاضلة بين البنية العامليه التوكيدية للصورة التقليدية والنسخة الالكترونية لمقياس تقدير الذات لـــ Rosenberg (1965). طبقتالدراسة على عينتين تم اختيارهما بطريقة عشوائية بسيطةأحدهما للصورة التقليدية بإجمالي160 طالب وطالبة من طلاب البكالوريوس والدراسات العليا بكلية التربية بالإسماعيلية بمتوسط عمري 23 عاماً وانحراف معياري 3.45 عاماً، بينماالصورة الالكترونية بإجمالى197 متطوعاً ومتطوعة من مستخدمي شبكات التواصل الاجتماعي (تويتر، فيسبوك، سناب شات) بمتوسط عمري 29.7 عاماً وانحراف معياري 2.13 عاماً. استخدم الباحثان المنهج السببي المقارن تصميم بين المجموعات والذي يختبر التكافؤ للصور المتعددة والمقارنة بين أداء الطلاب عليها باستخدام اختبار ت للعينات المستقلة. وأظهرت النتائج تفوق الصورة الالكترونية عن التقليدية في مؤشرات المطابقة وثبات ألفا لكرونباخ، كما أسفرت النتائج عن عدم تكافؤ الصورتين على مقياس روسنبرج لتقدير الذات. وقد اوصت الدراسة باستخدام الصور الإلكترونية للاختبارات بما تتمتع بهمن حتميه الاستجابة على جميع مفردات الاختبارات وبالتالي الحد من مشكلات التحليل الإحصائي.The study aimed as comparing the factor structure of traditional and Electronic Self-esteem scale. Random sample has been selected and consisted of (n=160) for traditional, (n=197) for Electronic scale. Causal Comparative design and between groups method have been used. The findings revealed that the electronic scale has over weighted the traditional one on the fitting indices and on Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient. Furthermore, the results have shown that the sample of electronic version overpassed on the performance on Rosenbergs' Self-esteem scale

Spectrofluorimetric determination of gemifloxacin mesylate and linezolid in pharmaceutical formulations: Application of quinone-based fluorophores and enhanced native fluorescence

Quinone-based fluorophores and enhanced native fluorescence techniques were applied for a fast quantitative analysis of gemifloxacin mesylate (GEM) and linezolid (LIN) in pharmaceutical formulations. For this purpose, three sensitive, accurate and precise spectrofluorimetric methods were developed. GEM, as an n-electron donor, reacts with 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (method A) and 2,5-dichloro-3,6-dihydroxy-p-benzoquinone (method B) as π-electron acceptors, forming charge transfer complexes that exhibit high fluorescence intensity at 441 and 390 nm upon excitation at 260 and 339 nm, respectively. Method C depends on measurement of enhanced native fluorescence of LIN in phosphate buffer (pH 5) at 380 nm upon excitation at 260 nm. Experimental factors affecting the fluorescence intensity were optimized. Linearity was obtained over concentration ranges 50–500, 10–60 and 20–400 ng mL−1 for methods A, B and C, respectively. The developed methods were validated and successfully applied for determination of the cited drugs in tablets

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication