STATE AND NEEDS OF THE EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT OF MOSQUE-BASED ISLAMIC EDUCATIONAL CENTERS (TADIKA) IN THREE SOUTHERN BORDER PROVINCES

ABSTRACTThe research surveyed state and needs of educational management of TADIKA in the three SouthernBorder Provinces. The participants consisted of five administrators, nine teachers, five parents, nine alumni, onemember of an Islamic committee, and eight member of TADIKA group in the three Thai southern border provinces.The data were collected through documents, observation, interview, and focus group. The data were analysedthrough the content analysis. The results of the research revealed that the educational management consisted offive areas which were curricula, personnel, budget, general administration, and community members’ participation.The findings regarding state and needs of stakeholders of TADIKA in three southern border provinces would beused as guidelines of educational management in line with and respond to the needs of the local and focus onthe participation of partners in every sector to achieve a systematic and sustainable development.Keyword : State and needs, Mosque-based Islamic educational centres, TADIKA, Southern Border Province

Assessing the evidence: exploring the effects of exercise on diabetic microcirculation

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with cardiovascular complications. Impairment of glycemic control induces noxious glycations, an increase in oxydative stress and dearangement of various metabolic pathways. DM leads to dysfunction of micro and macrovessels, connected to metabolic, endothelial and autonomic nervous system. Thus, assessing vascular reactivity might be one of the clinical tools to evaluate the impact of harmful effects of DM and potential benefit of treatment; skin and skeletal muscle microcirculation have usually been tested. Physical exercise improves vascular dysfunction through various mechanisms, and is regarded as an additional effective treatment strategy of DM as it positively impacts gylcemic control, improves insulin sensitivity and glusose uptake in the target tissues, thus affecting glucose and lipid metabolism, and increases the endothelium dependent vasodilation. Yet, not all patients respond in the same way so titrating the exercise type individualy would be desired. Resistance training has, apart from aerobic one, been shown to positively correlate to glycemic control, and improve vascular reactivity. It has been prescribed in various forms or in combination with aerobic training. This review would assess the impact of different modes of exercise, the mechanisms involved, and its potential positive and negative effects on treating patients with Type I and Type II DM, focusing on the recent literature. Keywords: Diabetes, exercise, aerobic training, resistance training, high intensity interval training, microcirculation, laser Doppler fluxmetr

Exercise management in type 1 diabetes:a consensus statement

Type 1 diabetes is a challenging condition to manage for various physiological and behavioural reasons. Regular exercise is important, but management of different forms of physical activity is particularly difficult for both the individual with type 1 diabetes and the health-care provider. People with type 1 diabetes tend to be at least as inactive as the general population, with a large percentage of individuals not maintaining a healthy body mass nor achieving the minimum amount of moderate to vigorous aerobic activity per week. Regular exercise can improve health and wellbeing, and can help individuals to achieve their target lipid profile, body composition, and fitness and glycaemic goals. However, several additional barriers to exercise can exist for a person with diabetes, including fear of hypoglycaemia, loss of glycaemic control, and inadequate knowledge around exercise management. This Review provides an up-to-date consensus on exercise management for individuals with type 1 diabetes who exercise regularly, including glucose targets for safe and effective exercise, and nutritional and insulin dose adjustments to protect against exercise-related glucose excursions

The effects of upper and lower limb exercise on the microvascular reactivity in limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis patients

Background: Aerobic exercise in general and high intensity interval training (HIIT) specifically is known to improve vascular function in a range of clinical conditions. HIIT in particular has demonstrated improvements in clinical outcomes, in conditions that have a strong macroangiopathic component. Nevertheless, the effect of HIIT on microcirculation in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients is yet to be investigated. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to compare the effects of two HIIT protocols (cycle and arm cranking) on the microcirculation of the digital area in SSc patients. Methods: Thirty four limited cutaneous SSc patients (65.3 ± 11.6 years old) were randomly allocated in three groups (cycling, arm cranking and control group). The exercise groups underwent a twelve-week exercise program twice per week. All patients performed the baseline and post-exercise intervention measurements where physical fitness, functional ability, transcutaneous oxygen tension (ΔtcpO2), body composition and quality of life were assessed. Endothelial-dependent as well as-independent vasodilation were assessed in the middle and index fingers using LDF and incremental doses of acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP). Cutaneous flux data were expressed as cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC). Results: Peak oxygen uptake increased in both exercise groups (p<0.01, d=1.36). ΔtcpO2 demonstrated an increase in the arm cranking group only, with a large effect, but not found statistically significant,(p=0.59, d=0.93). Endothelial-dependent vasodilation improvement was greater in the arm cranking (p<0.05, d=1.07) in comparison to other groups. Both exercise groups improved life satisfaction (p<0.001) as well as reduced discomfort and pain due to Raynaud's phenomenon (p<0.05). Arm cranking seems to be the preferred mode of exercise for study participants as compared to cycling (p<0.05). No changes were observed in the body composition or the functional ability in both exercise groups. Conclusion: Our results suggest that arm cranking has the potential to improve the microvascular endothelial function in SSc patients. Also notably, our recommended training dose (e.g., a 12-week HIIT program, twice per week), appeared to be sufficient and tolerable for this population. Future research should focus on exploring the feasibility of a combined exercise such as aerobic and resistance training by assessing individual's experience and the quality of life in SSc patients. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT number): NCT03058887, February 23, 2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03058887?term=NCT03058887&rank=1 Key words: High intensity interval training, vascular function, quality of lif

Efficacy of high-intensity, low-volume interval training compared to continuous aerobic training on insulin resistance, skeletal muscle structure and function in adults with metabolic syndrome: study protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial (Intraining-MET)

ABSTRACT: Evidence of the efficacy of high-intensity, low-volume interval training (HIIT-low volume) in treating insulin resistance (IR) in patients with metabolic disorders is contradictory. In addition, it is unknown whether this effect is mediated through muscle endocrine function, which in turn depends on muscle mass and fiber type composition. Our aims were to assess the efficacy of HIIT-low volume compared to continuous aerobic exercise (CAE) in treating IR in adults with metabolic syndrome (MS) and to establish whether musclin, apelin, muscle mass and muscle composition are mediators of the effect. Methods: This is a controlled, randomized, clinical trial using the minimization method, with blinding of those who will evaluate the outcomes and two parallel groups for the purpose of showing superiority. Sixty patients with MS and IR with ages between 40 and 60 years will be included. A clinical evaluation will be carried out, along with laboratory tests to evaluate IR (homeostatic model assessment (HOMA)), muscle endocrine function (serum levels of musclin and apelin), thigh muscle mass (by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and thigh muscle composition (by carnosine measurement with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H–MRS)), before and after 12 weeks of a treadmill exercise program three times a week. Participants assigned to the intervention (n = 30) will receive HIIT-low volume in 22-min sessions that will include six intervals at a load of 90% of maximum oxygen consumption (VO2 max) for 1 min followed by 2 min at 50% of VO2 max. The control group (n = 30) will receive CAE at an intensity of 60% of VO2 max for 36 min. A theoretical model based on structural equations will be proposed to estimate the total, direct and indirect effects of training on IR and the proportion explained by the mediators. Discussion: Compared with CAE, HIIT-low volume can be effective and efficient at improving physical capacity and decreasing cardiovascular risk factors, such as IR, in patients with metabolic disorders. Studies that evaluate mediating variables of the effect of HIIT-low volume on IR, such as endocrine function and skeletal muscle structure, are necessary to understand the role of skeletal muscle in the pathophysiology of MS and their regulation by exercise. Trial registration: NCT03087721. High-intensity Interval, Low Volume Training in Metabolic Syndrome (Intraining-MET). Registered on 22 March 2017, retrospectively registered

The acute effects of short and long durations of plank training on endothelial function

To investigate the acute effects of short and long durations of plank exercise training on the endothelial function (flowmediated dilatation, FMD), shear rate, blood flow, vascular resistance, heart rate and arterial blood pressure. Thirty-two healthy untrained (inactive) male participants were randomly allocated equally to Plank 30 s training (P30) group and Plank 60 s training (P60) group. Participants were requested to perform 30 s or 60 s per set for 3 sets. Both P30 and P60 groups showed significantly increased shear rate, blood flow, systolic blood pressure and heart rate as compared to the pre-training (P<0.05). Only the P60 group showed significant increased in mean arterial blood pressure. The mean arterial blood pressure and systolic blood pressure of the P60 group were significantly higher than the P30 group. There was a significant decreased FMD in P60 group as compared to pre-training and post-training of P30 group. No change in FMD was observed in P30 group. In conclusion, impaired endothelial function was observed in the long duration plank exercise in untrained participants

Високоінтенсивні інтервальні вправи з обмеженням кровотоку покращують роботу судин у підлітків чоловічої статі з ожирінням

Study purpose. Obesity, a chronic metabolic disease is on the rise among children and adolescents and is a leading cause of mortality in adults worldwide. It is imperative to prevent obesity in children to lower the risk of adult obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Considering the effectiveness of exercise program, high-intensity interval exercise with blood flow restriction (HIIE-BFR) may have potential beneficial effects on the vascular functions of obese individuals. This study aimed to compare the acute effects of supramaximal high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE-SUPRA) and HIIE-BFR on the vascular function in obese adolescents. Materials and methods. The subjects were adolescent males aged 13 to 15. The crossover study was divided into two trials. The first trial was a pilot study involving five obese adolescent males whose heart rates were evaluated under four conditions of exercise: 1) HIIE-SUPRA at 170% (VO₂peak), 2) HIIE-BFR at 85% VO₂peak with 40% arterial occlusion pressure (AOP), 3) 60% AOP, and 4) 80% AOP. The second trial was conducted on ten obese adolescent males who performed HIIE-SUPRA and HIIE-BFR exercises separately, each for at least three days. Data collection was done to analyze the vascular function parameters before and after exercising (immediately, 10 min, 30 min, and 60 min after). Results. The results of the first trial showed that the mean heart rate of HIIE-BFR at 40% AOP was similar to that of HIIE-SUPRA (p&gt;0.05). In the second trial, both types of exercises showed similar outcomes, with increased flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), while brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) decreased after exercise as compared to the baseline values (before exercise) (p&lt;0.05). However, HIIE-BFR at 40% AOP demonstrated a lower rate of perceived exertion (RPE) as compared to HIIE-SUPRA (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions. HIIE-BFR at 40% AOP was effective in regulating the RPE and acutely increasing the vascular function after exercise in obese adolescents, similar to HIIE-SUPRA.Мета дослідження. Ожиріння, хронічне метаболічне захворювання, стрімко поширюється серед дітей і підлітків і є основною причиною смертності дорослих в усьому світі. Вкрай необхідно попередити ожиріння в дітей, щоб знизити ризик розвитку ожиріння та серцево-судинних захворювань у дорослому віці. Беручи до уваги ефективність програми вправ, високоінтенсивні інтервальні вправи з обмеженням кровотоку (HIIE-BFR) можуть мати потенційний сприятливий вплив на функції судин у людей з ожирінням. Метою цього дослідження було порівняння негайного впливу супрамаксимальних високоінтенсивних інтервальних вправ (HIIE-SUPRA) і HIIE-BFR на роботу судин у підлітків з ожирінням. Матеріали та методи. Учасниками дослідження були підлітки чоловічої статі віком від 13 до 15 років. Перехресне дослідження було розділене на два випробування. Перше випробування було пілотним дослідженням за участю п’яти підлітків чоловічої статі з ожирінням, частоту серцевих скорочень яких оцінювали за чотирьох режимів виконання вправ: 1) HIIE-SUPRA за рівня 170% пікового споживання кисню (VO₂peak), 2) HIIE-BFR за рівня 85% VO₂peak та за рівня 40% тиску оклюзії артерії (AOP), 3) за рівня 60% AOP та 4) за рівня 80% AOP. Друге випробування було проведене на десяти підлітках чоловічої статі з ожирінням, які виконували вправи HIIE-SUPRA та HIIE-BFR окремо, кожний вид вправ протягом принаймні трьох днів. Збір даних для аналізу параметрів роботи судин проводили до та після тренування (негайно, через 10 хв, 30 хв та 60 хв після). Результати. Результати першого дослідження показали, що середня частота серцевих скорочень у режимі HIIE-BFR за рівня 40% AOP була аналогічною до частоти серцевих скорочень у режимі HIIE-SUPRA (p&gt;0,05). У другому дослідженні обидва типи вправ показали аналогічні результати зі збільшенням потік-опосередкованого розширення (FMD), при цьому швидкість пульсової хвилі в плечощиколотковому відділі (baPWV) зменшилася після виконання вправ порівняно з базовими значеннями (до виконання вправ) (p&lt;0,05). Проте режим HIIE-BFR за рівня 40% AOP продемонстрував нижчий рівень індивідуального сприйняття навантаження (RPE) порівняно з режимом HIIE-SUPRA (p&lt;0,05). Висновки. Режим HIIE-BFR за рівня 40% AOP був ефективним у регулюванні RPE та негайному посиленні роботи судин після виконання вправ у підлітків із ожирінням, аналогічно до режиму HIIE-SUPRA

Остеогенні ефекти тренувань з балансувальною платформою двобічного використання порівняно з тренуваннями зі степ-платформою в жінок у пременопаузі

Study purpose. Exercise training plays an important role in increasing bone mass. Nevertheless, the osteogenic effects of exercise training using various bench surfaces are unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the osteogenic effects of exercise with a soft surface bench and an aerobic both sides utilized (BOSU) ball with those of aerobic step exercise training (STEP). Materials and methods. Fifty-two sedentary female participants aged 30–45 years were recruited and randomly divided into three groups. Seventeen participants were in the STEP, 17 in the BOSU, and 18 in the control group. The exercise programs of the STEP and BOSU groups were designed to have the same intensity and heart rate range during each stage of the program. During training, music was used to set the tempo for workouts. Results. After week 24, both training groups showed significant improvements in physical fitness, body composition, and body stability (p&lt;0.05). Increased levels of procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (P1NP), an osteogenesis marker, were observed in both STEP and BOSU groups. Increased bone mineral density was only seen in the BOSU group (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions. Both STEP and BOSU programs effectively improved P1NP levels, muscle strength, and postural control, but only the aerobic BOSU ball training improved bone mineral density in premenopausal women.Мета дослідження. Заняття фізичними вправами відіграють важливу роль у збільшенні кісткової маси. Тим не менш, остеогенні ефекти занять фізичними вправами з використанням різних стендових поверхонь невідомі.Таким чином, метою цього дослідження було порівняти остеогенні ефекти вправ зі стендом із м’якою поверхнею та балансувальною платформою двобічного використання (BOSU) з ефектами вправ зі степ-платформою (STEP). Матеріали та методи. Для участі в дослідженні були набрані та випадковим чином розділені на три групи 52 учасниці, які ведуть сидячий спосіб життя, віком 30–45 років. Сімнадцять учасниць тренувалися в групі STEP, 17 – у групі BOSU, а 18 – увійшли до контрольної групи. Програми вправ для груп STEP та BOSU були розроблені таким чином, щоб мати однакову інтенсивність і діапазон пульсу на кожному етапі програми. Під час занять для встановлення темпу тренувань використовували музику. Результати. Після 24-го тижня обидві тренувальні групи показали статистично значущі покращення у фізичній підготовці, композиції тіла та стані рівноваги тіла (p&lt;0,05). В обох групах STEP та BOSU спостерігалися підвищені рівні N-термінального пропептиду проколагену I типу (P1NP), маркера остеогенезу. Підвищення мінеральної щільності кісткової тканини спостерігалося лише в групі BOSU (p&lt;0,05). Висновки. Обидві програми STEP та BOSU ефективно підвищили рівні P1NP, м’язову силу та контроль постави, але лише тренування з балансувальною платформою двобічного використання BOSU покращило мінеральну щільність кісток у жінок у пременопаузі