Inovação de marketing: estudo dos factores determinantes da capacidade inovadora de marketing das empresas portuguesas

Perante a crescente globalização da actividade económica, a progressiva integração dos mercados e a evolução contínua dos desejos e necessidades dos consumidores, colocam-se, necessariamente, novos desafios às empresas, que se esforçam, cada vez mais, por inovar, sobretudo numa óptica de marketing. Como tal, a inovação de marketing impõem-se como um factor determinante do sucesso das empresas, constituindo, por isso, um dos fenómenos da actualidade com maior interesse. A presente investigação tem por objectivo identificar os factores determinantes da capacidade de inovação de marketing das empresas portuguesas, centrando a sua análise no estudo de empresas industriais, comerciais e de serviços, inseridas no território português. Assim, considera-se um quadro teórico do qual fazem parte a caracterização da inovação empresarial, as abordagens de referência sobre a inovação, os modelos de inovação e a exposição do fenómeno da inovação de marketing, bem como dos determinantes que lhe estão subjacentes. Com base num suporte teórico, corroborado pelo estudo empírico, visa-se identificar e analisar os factores impulsionadores da capacidade inovadora de marketing das empresas, entendida neste estudo enquanto inovação no design e embalagem dos bens e serviços, bem como a inovação nos métodos de venda e distribuição. Para testar empiricamente as hipóteses formuladas, relativamente a cada um dos factores, utilizaram-se dados secundários, facultados pelo OCES – Observatório da Ciência e do Ensino Superior, pertencentes ao 4º Inquérito Comunitário às Actividades de Inovação: CIS 4 (Community Innovation Survey 4), supervisionado pelo EUROSTAT. Face à complexidade do fenómeno em estudo, explicado através de um conjunto alargado de factores, foi necessário analisar e explorar as relações que os factores exercem entre si e, simultaneamente, sobre a inovação de marketing empreendida pelas empresas, pelo que se recorreu à análise estatística multivariada. Assim, aos dados obtidos aplicaram-se modelos de regressão logística, que permitiram o contraste empírico das hipóteses de investigação relativamente aos factores em estudo. Os resultados obtidos mostram que as variáveis integrantes, do factor actividades de I&D, relativos às actividades de I&D internas, aquisição de outros conhecimentos externos e realização de outros procedimentos e preparações técnicas, bem como os factores actuação de mercado, actividades de marketing e apoio financeiro público influenciam a propensão para as empresas inovarem em marketing, quer ao nível do design e embalagem, quer ao nível dos métodos de venda e distribuição. Por sua vez, a aquisição de maquinaria, equipamento e software, revela-se preponderante da inovação de marketing, com excepção da inovação nos métodos de venda e distribuição, enquanto que a cooperação com os clientes é determinante da inovação de marketing ao nível global. Em conclusão, a investigação possibilitou identificar e analisar os principais factores determinantes da capacidade inovadora das empresas portuguesas, ao nível da inovação de marketing

Attitudes toward Ethical Consumption in Clothing: Comparing Peruvian and Portuguese Consumers

The aim of this study is to examine the personal factors that influence attitudes toward ethical consumption and its effects on life satisfaction, attitudes toward ecological clothing, and buying intentions, using a comparison of two different contexts: Portugal and Peru. A total of 520 valid questionnaires were collected. Structural equation modeling was employed to test the hypotheses. The findings indicate that idealism and pro-environmental beliefs have a positive effect on attitudes toward ethical consumption. Additionally, attitudes toward ethical consumption are positively associated with life satisfaction and attitudes toward ecological clothing, which can predict buying intentions. This research provides further insight into the attitude-intention gap, by highlighting the dual role of attitudes - combining ethical attitudes with attitudes toward ecological clothing - in two understudied contexts It is noteworthy that this study offers a novel approach to understanding consumer motivation toward ethical consumption and its impact on life satisfaction.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Barriers to Innovation and the Innovative Performance of Portuguese Firms

This paper aims to identify and analyze the main limiting factors of innovation performance in terms of product and process innovation. The limiting factors to innovation make the innovation process of a firm difficult, which influences its innovation performance. The goal of this essay is to develop a theoretical support based on current reference approaches, corroborated by empirical support, which allows for the identification and analysis of the factors that restrict innovation activity and innovation performance.The database is extracted from the Community Innovation Survey - CIS 2010, which was conducted under the responsibility of the Office of Planning, Strategy, Evaluation and International Relations/Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education (GPEARI/MCTES), in collaboration with the National Statistics Institute (INE), under the supervision of EUROSTAT. We have developed a logistic regression model that highlights the barriers to innovation and identifies the factors that limit innovation performance.The analysis suggests that several barriers to innovation influence the Innovative performance of Portuguese firms. These results may be attributed to the fact that perceived barriers stimulate the firm to overcome these difficulties, which promotes the internal propensity to innovate. The most significant barriers identified in the study are the following: high innovation costs and perceived uncertainties in both the demand and market for new goods and services. This study shows that firms that do not have either qualified personnel to carry out innovation activities or sufficient market information are less likely to innovate than firms that do not experience these difficulties.

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Marketing das cidades estudo da identidade: o caso da cidade da Covilha

No contexto actual, caracterizado pela crescente globalização e pela evolução contínua das necessidades e dos desejos dos indivíduos, as cidades enfrentam novos desafios, tornando-se crucial assegurar a promoção e valorização das cidades. Neste âmbito o marketing desempenha um papel chave na identificação das necessidades, desejos e interesses dos diferentes públicos da cidade, bem como, na procura efectiva da sua satisfação e preservação do seu bem estar, em particular e da sociedade em geral. Para o efeito utilizam-se conceitos e ferramentas de marketing com um enfoque similar ao das empresas. Este artigo procura evidenciar as contribuições que o marketing poderá aportar no que diz respeito ao desenvolvimento das cidades, dando especial ênfase à identidade das cidades. Por fim, será de referir que o artigo tem como finalidade apresentar a proposta de investigação que se pretende desenvolver no âmbito da Dissertação de Mestrado de Gestão na Universidade da Beira InteriorIn the current context, characterized for the increasing globalization and the continuous evolution of the necessities and the desires of the individuals, the cities face new challenges, becoming crucial to assure the promotion and valuation of the cities. In this scope the marketing plays a role key in the identification of the necessities, desires and interests of the different public of the city, as well as, in the effective search of its satisfaction and preservation of its quality of life. The present article will use concepts and tools of marketing with a similar approach to the one of the companies. The present article evidences the contributions of the marketing in the development of the cities, with special emphasis to the city-identity. Finally, one appears that the work developed in the article has the intention to present the proposal of investigation in the Master of Gestão at University Beira Interior

Marketing das cidades estudo da identidade: o caso da cidade da Covilha

No contexto actual, caracterizado pela crescente globalização e pela evolução contínua das necessidades e dos desejos dos indivíduos, as cidades enfrentam novos desafios, tornando-se crucial assegurar a promoção e valorização das cidades. Neste âmbito o marketing desempenha um papel chave na identificação das necessidades, desejos e interesses dos diferentes públicos da cidade, bem como, na procura efectiva da sua satisfação e preservação do seu bem estar, em particular e da sociedade em geral. Para o efeito utilizam-se conceitos e ferramentas de marketing com um enfoque similar ao das empresas. Este artigo procura evidenciar as contribuições que o marketing poderá aportar no que diz respeito ao desenvolvimento das cidades, dando especial ênfase à identidade das cidades. Por fim, será de referir que o artigo tem como finalidade apresentar a proposta de investigação que se pretende desenvolver no âmbito da Dissertação de Mestrado de Gestão na Universidade da Beira InteriorIn the current context, characterized for the increasing globalization and the continuous evolution of the necessities and the desires of the individuals, the cities face new challenges, becoming crucial to assure the promotion and valuation of the cities. In this scope the marketing plays a role key in the identification of the necessities, desires and interests of the different public of the city, as well as, in the effective search of its satisfaction and preservation of its quality of life. The present article will use concepts and tools of marketing with a similar approach to the one of the companies. The present article evidences the contributions of the marketing in the development of the cities, with special emphasis to the city-identity. Finally, one appears that the work developed in the article has the intention to present the proposal of investigation in the Master of Gestão at University Beira Interior

Barriers to Innovation and the Innovative Performance of Portuguese Firms

This paper aims to identify and analyze the main limiting factors of innovation performance in terms of product and process innovation. The limiting factors to innovation make the innovation process of a firm difficult, which influences its innovation performance. The goal of this essay is to develop a theoretical support based on current reference approaches, corroborated by empirical support, which allows for the identification and analysis of the factors that restrict innovation activity and innovation performance.The database is extracted from the Community Innovation Survey - CIS 2010, which was conducted under the responsibility of the Office of Planning, Strategy, Evaluation and International Relations/Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education (GPEARI/MCTES), in collaboration with the National Statistics Institute (INE), under the supervision of EUROSTAT. We have developed a logistic regression model that highlights the barriers to innovation and identifies the factors that limit innovation performance.The analysis suggests that several barriers to innovation influence the Innovative performance of Portuguese firms. These results may be attributed to the fact that perceived barriers stimulate the firm to overcome these difficulties, which promotes the internal propensity to innovate. The most significant barriers identified in the study are the following: high innovation costs and perceived uncertainties in both the demand and market for new goods and services. This study shows that firms that do not have either qualified personnel to carry out innovation activities or sufficient market information are less likely to innovate than firms that do not experience these difficulties.

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved