Evaluación de la cultura de seguridad del paciente en la cirugía ambulatoria por parte de los enfermeros: protocolo de scoping review

Background: Perioperative nursing is based on a dynamic and holistic approach to the patient that extends to ambulatory surgery. With this paradigm, it is essential to consider patient safety culture in the assessment of the quality and safety of nursing care. Objective: To map the evidence on nurses’ assessment of patient safety culture in ambulatory surgery. Review method: Methodology proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. The search strategy will be adapted to each database/repository to identify relevant studies. Titles and abstracts will be screened, and those that do not meet the inclusion criteria will be excluded. The included articles will be subject to data extraction by two independent reviewers. Presentation and interpretation of results: The results will be presented in narrative and tabular form. Conclusion: This scoping review will contribute to identifying nurses’ perspectives on patient safety culture in ambulatory surgery, reinforcing the potential impact on the safety of nursing care.Enquadramento: A enfermagem perioperatória tem por base uma abordagem dinâmica e global do doente, transversal à cirurgia ambulatória. Associada a este paradigma e no sentido de avaliar a qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem e a segurança dos mesmos, é pertinente considerar a cultura de segurança do doente. Objetivo: Mapear a evidência disponível sobre a avaliação da cultura de segurança do doente em cirurgia de ambulatório pelos enfermeiros. Método de revisão: Metodologia proposta pelo Joanna Briggs Institute. A estratégia de pesquisa será adequada a cada base de dados/repositório na identificação de estudos relevantes. Proceder-se-á à análise de títulos e resumos, excluindo aqueles que não apresentem os critérios delineados. Os artigos incluídos serão alvo de extração de dados. Este processo será executado por dois revisores independentes. Apresentação e interpretação dos resultados: Os resultados serão apresentados de forma narrativa e de tabelas. Conclusão: Esta scoping review contribuirá para identificar a perspetiva dos enfermeiros sobre a cultura de segurança do doente em cirurgia de ambulatório, reforçando o potencial impacto na segurança dos cuidados de enfermagem.Marco contextual: La enfermería perioperatoria se basa en un enfoque dinámico y global del paciente, transversal a la cirugía ambulatoria. Asociada a este paradigma y con el objetivo de evaluar la calidad de la atención de enfermería y la seguridad, es pertinente considerar la cultura de seguridad del paciente. Objetivo: Mapear las pruebas disponibles sobre la evaluación de la cultura de seguridad del paciente en la cirugía ambulatoria por parte de los enfermeros. Método de revisión: Metodología propuesta por el Instituto Joanna Briggs. La estrategia de investigación será adecuada a la identificación de los estudios relevantes en cada base de datos/repositorio. Se procederá a analizar los títulos y resúmenes, excluyendo los que no presenten los criterios indicados. Los artículos incluidos estarán sujetos a la extracción de datos. Este proceso será realizado por dos revisores independientes. Presentación e interpretación de los resultados: Los resultados se presentarán en forma narrativa y en tablas. Conclusión: Esta revisión exploratoria (scoping review) contribuirá a identificar la perspectiva de los enfermeros sobre la cultura de seguridad del paciente en la cirugía ambulatoria, lo que reforzará el potencial impacto en la seguridad de la atención de enfermería.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A Customized Pigmentation SNP Array Identifies a Novel SNP Associated with Melanoma Predisposition in the SLC45A2 Gene

As the incidence of Malignant Melanoma (MM) reflects an interaction between skin colour and UV exposure, variations in genes implicated in pigmentation and tanning response to UV may be associated with susceptibility to MM. In this study, 363 SNPs in 65 gene regions belonging to the pigmentation pathway have been successfully genotyped using a SNP array. Five hundred and ninety MM cases and 507 controls were analyzed in a discovery phase I. Ten candidate SNPs based on a p-value threshold of 0.01 were identified. Two of them, rs35414 (SLC45A2) and rs2069398 (SILV/CKD2), were statistically significant after conservative Bonferroni correction. The best six SNPs were further tested in an independent Spanish series (624 MM cases and 789 controls). A novel SNP located on the SLC45A2 gene (rs35414) was found to be significantly associated with melanoma in both phase I and phase II (P<0.0001). None of the other five SNPs were replicated in this second phase of the study. However, three SNPs in TYR, SILV/CDK2 and ADAMTS20 genes (rs17793678, rs2069398 and rs1510521 respectively) had an overall p-value<0.05 when considering the whole DNA collection (1214 MM cases and 1296 controls). Both the SLC45A2 and the SILV/CDK2 variants behave as protective alleles, while the TYR and ADAMTS20 variants seem to function as risk alleles. Cumulative effects were detected when these four variants were considered together. Furthermore, individuals carrying two or more mutations in MC1R, a well-known low penetrance melanoma-predisposing gene, had a decreased MM risk if concurrently bearing the SLC45A2 protective variant. To our knowledge, this is the largest study on Spanish sporadic MM cases to date

Long-term thermal sensitivity of Earth’s tropical forests

The sensitivity of tropical forest carbon to climate is a key uncertainty in predicting global climate change. Although short-term drying and warming are known to affect forests, it is unknown if such effects translate into long-term responses. Here, we analyze 590 permanent plots measured across the tropics to derive the equilibrium climate controls on forest carbon. Maximum temperature is the most important predictor of aboveground biomass (−9.1 megagrams of carbon per hectare per degree Celsius), primarily by reducing woody productivity, and has a greater impact per °C in the hottest forests (>32.2°C). Our results nevertheless reveal greater thermal resilience than observations of short-term variation imply. To realize the long-term climate adaptation potential of tropical forests requires both protecting them and stabilizing Earth’s climate

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A search for ultra-high-energy photons at the Pierre Auger Observatory exploiting air-shower universality

The Pierre Auger Observatory is the most sensitive detector to primary photons with energies above ∼0.2 EeV. It measures extensive air showers using a hybrid technique that combines a fluorescence detector (FD) with a ground array of particle detectors (SD). The signatures of a photon-induced air shower are a larger atmospheric depth at the shower maximum (X$_{max}$) and a steeper lateral distribution function, along with a lower number of muons with respect to the bulk of hadron-induced background. Using observables measured by the FD and SD, three photon searches in different energy bands are performed. In particular, between threshold energies of 1-10 EeV, a new analysis technique has been developed by combining the FD-based measurement of X$_{max}$ with the SD signal through a parameter related to its muon content, derived from the universality of the air showers. This technique has led to a better photon/hadron separation and, consequently, to a higher search sensitivity, resulting in a tighter upper limit than before. The outcome of this new analysis is presented here, along with previous results in the energy ranges below 1 EeV and above 10 EeV. From the data collected by the Pierre Auger Observatory in about 15 years of operation, the most stringent constraints on the fraction of photons in the cosmic flux are set over almost three decades in energy

Study on multi-ELVES in the Pierre Auger Observatory

Since 2013, the four sites of the Fluorescence Detector (FD) of the Pierre Auger Observatory record ELVES with a dedicated trigger. These UV light emissions are correlated to distant lightning strikes. The length of recorded traces has been increased from 100 μs (2013), to 300 μs (2014-16), to 900 μs (2017-present), to progressively extend the observation of the light emission towards the vertical of the causative lightning and beyond. A large fraction of the observed events shows double ELVES within the time window, and, in some cases, even more complex structures are observed. The nature of the multi-ELVES is not completely understood but may be related to the different types of lightning in which they are originated. For example, it is known that Narrow Bipolar Events can produce double ELVES, and Energetic In-cloud Pulses, occurring between the main negative and upper positive charge layer of clouds, can induce double and even quadruple ELVES in the ionosphere. This report shows the seasonal and daily dependence of the time gap, amplitude ratio, and correlation between the pulse widths of the peaks in a sample of 1000+ multi-ELVES events recorded during the period 2014-20. The events have been compared with data from other satellite and ground-based sensing devices to study the correlation of their properties with lightning observables such as altitude and polarity