Asociación del conocimiento con la experiencia en el manejo de emergencias de primeros auxilios según características demográficas y profesionales en odontólogos

Objetivo: Determinar la asociación del conocimiento en emergencias de primeros auxilios con experiencia en el manejo de emergencias según características demográficas y profesionales en odontólogos. Materiales y métodos: El diseño del estudio fue de tipo observacional, analítico y transversal, encuestando 175 odontólogos. Se utilizó el cuestionario elaborado por Casco para evaluar conocimiento y el de Bavanpour para evaluar experiencia en el manejo de emergencias de primeros auxilios. También se evaluaron características demográficas y profesionales de los participantes. Para el análisis univariado se obtuvieron frecuencias absolutas y relativas como la mediana y rango intercuartílico. Para el análisis bivariado se utilizó la prueba de Chi cuadrado y para el análisis multivariado, un modelo lineal generalizado con enlace logit y el método de selección de variables Stepwise. Resultados: El 64.57% presentó conocimiento en emergencias de primeros auxilios. Asimismo, el 20% de los participantes refirió haber tenido un tratamiento interrumpido debido a emergencia de primeros auxilios. Se obtuvo un modelo crudo para cada experiencia en donde se encontró un OR de 3.33 (IC95%: 1.656, 6.832) para los odontólogos que presentaban experiencia del manejo en hiperventilación y un OR de 2.76 (IC95%: 1.561; 7.452) para experiencia en cuadro de epilepsia. Asimismo, al realizar el método de ajuste por Stepwise Forward para dichas variables, se encontró un OR de 2.67 (IC95%:1.212; 5.888) y un OR de 2.73 (IC95%: 1.225; 6.087) respectivamente. Conclusiones: Se encontró asociación del conocimiento con variables de experiencia en el manejo de hiperventilación, paro cardiaco y epilepsia.Objective: To determine the association of knowledge of first aid emergencies with experience in the management according to demographic and professional characteristics of dentists. Materials and methods: The study design was observational, analytical and cross-sectional, surveying 175 dentists.A questionnaire developed by Casco was used to evaluate knowledge and the Bavanpour to evaluate experience in handling first aid emergencies. Demographic and professional characteristics of the participants were also evaluated. For the univariate analysis, absolute and relative frequencies were obtained as the median and interquartile range, For the bivariate analysis, Chi square test was used and for the multivariate analysis, a generalized linear model with logit link and the Stepwise variable selection method. Results: 64.57% presented knowledge in first aid emergencies. Likewise, 20% of the participants reported having had treatment interrupted due to a first aid emergency. A crude model was obtained for each experience where an OR of 3.33 (95% CI: 1.656, 6.832) was found for dentists who presented experience in hyperventilation management and an OR of 2.76 (95% CI: 1.561; 7.452) for experience in Epilepsy chart. Likewise, when performing the Stepwise Forward adjustment method for these variables, an OR of 2.67 (95% CI: 1.212; 5.888) and an OR of 2.73 (95% CI: 1.225; 6.087) were found, respectively. Conclusions: An association of knowledge with variables of experience in the management of hyperventilation, cardiac arrest and epilepsy was found.Tesi

Avaliação da cumarina e seus derivados como inibidores da Janus Quinase-3 usando modelo teórico

For several years, cancer has increased in the population, being one of the main causes of death worldwide. This clinical pathology is associated with the activation/release of various biomolecules, including the Janus kinase family (JAKs). It is important to mention that some studies indicate that some JAK inhibitors (ruxolitinib and tofacitinib) may have a significant effect on some autoimmune diseases and cancer; however, some of these drugs can produce secondary effects such as herpes zoster, infectious, acute respiratory distress and others. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interaction of coumarin and its derivatives (compounds 2 to 24) with the JAK-3 surface. In this way, the Interaction of coumarin and their derivatives with JAK-3 was determined using the 3pjc protein and either decernotinib or tofacitinib drugs as theoretical tools on DockinServer program. The results showed differences in the aminoacid residues involved in the interaction of coumarin and their derivatives with 3pjc protein surface compared with decernotinib and tofacitinib. Besides, the inhibition constant (Ki) for coumarin derivatives 7, 9 and 10 was lower compared with tofacitinib. However, Ki was lower for 2, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 24 compared with decernotinib. In conclusion, the coumarin derivatives 2, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 24 could be good alternatives as JAK-3 inhibitors to decrease cancer cells growth.    Desde hace varios años, el cáncer ha aumentado en la población, siendo una de las principales causas de muerte a nivel mundial. Esta patología clínica está asociada con la activación/liberación de varias biomoléculas, incluida la familia Janus kinase (JAKs). Es importante mencionar que algunos estudios indican que algunos inhibidores de JAK (ruxolitinib y tofacitinib) pueden tener un efecto significativo en algunas enfermedades autoinmunes y cáncer; sin embargo, algunos de estos medicamentos pueden producir efectos secundarios como herpes zoster, infeccioso, dificultad respiratoria aguda y otros. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la interacción de la cumarina y sus derivados (compuestos 2 a 24) con la superficie JAK-3. Así, la interacción de la cumarina y sus derivados con JAK-3 se determinó utilizando la proteína 3pjc y los fármacos decernotinib o tofacitinib como herramientas teóricas en el programa DockinServer. Los resultados mostraron diferencias en los residuos de aminoácidos involucrados en la interacción de la cumarina y sus derivados con la superficie de la proteína 3pjc en comparación con decernotinib y tofacitinib. Además, la constante de inhibición (Ki) para los derivados de cumarina 7, 9 y 10 fue menor en comparación con tofacitinib. Sin embargo, Ki fue menor para 2, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 y 24 en comparación con decernotinib. En conclusión, los derivados de cumarina 2, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 y 24 pueden ser una buena alternativa como inhibidores de JAK-3 para disminuir el crecimiento de células cancerosas.    Há vários anos, o câncer tem aumentado na população, sendo uma das principais causas de morte em todo o mundo. Esta patologia clínica está associada à ativação/liberação de várias biomoléculas, incluindo a família Janus quinase (JAKs). É importante mencionar que alguns estudos indicam que alguns inibidores de JAK (ruxolitinib e tofacitinib) podem ter um efeito significativo em algumas doenças autoimunes e no câncer; no entanto, algumas dessas drogas podem produzir efeitos secundários, como herpes zoster, infeccioso, desconforto respiratório agudo e outros. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a interação da cumarina e seus derivados (compostos 2 a 24) com a superfície JAK-3. Desta forma, a interação da cumarina e seus derivados com JAK-3 foi determinada usando a proteína 3pjc e as drogas decernotinib ou tofacitinib como ferramentas teóricas no programa DockinServer. Os resultados mostraram diferenças nos resíduos de aminoácidos envolvidos na interação da cumarina e seus derivados com a superfície da proteína 3pjc em comparação com decernotinib e tofacitinib. Além disso, a constante de inibição (Ki) para os derivados cumarínicos 7, 9 e 10 foi menor em comparação com o tofacitinibe. No entanto, Ki foi menor para 2, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 e 24 em comparação com decernotinibe. Em conclusão, os derivados cumarínicos 2, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 e 24 podem ser uma boa alternativa como inibidores de JAK-3 para diminuir o crescimento de células cancerígenas.  

Interação de derivados de benzenossulfonamida com Smyd3 usando um modelo teórico

Cancer is a serious public health problem worldwide. This clinical pathology is associated with the activation/release of several biomolecules, including the Smyd proteins family. In this way, some studies indicate that Smyd3 is associated with cancer cells growth. It is important to mention that some drugs act as Smyd3 inhibitors in the treat some cancers. However, their interaction is very confusing; for this reason, the aim of this research was to evaluate the theoretical interaction of benzenesulfonamide and their derivatives (compounds 2 to 28) using 7o2c protein, novobiocin, BAY-6035, EPZ031686 and BCI-121 drugs as theoretical tools in DockingServer program. The results showed differences in the aminoacid residues involved in the interaction of benzenesulfonamide and their derivatives with 7o2c protein surface compared with novobiocin, BAY-6035, EPZ031686 and BCI-121 drugs. In additions, the inhibition constant (Ki) for benzenesulfonamide derivatives 2, 7, 8, 13, 14, 17, 20, 21, 24 and 28 was very lower compared to benzenesulfonamide, novobiocin, BAY-6035, EPZ031686 and BCI-121. In conclusion, the benzenesulfonamide derivatives 2, 7, 8, 13, 14, 17, 20, 21, 24 and 28 could be a good alternative as Smyd3 inhibitors to decrease cancer cells growth.El cáncer es un grave problema de salud pública a nivel mundial. Esta patología clínica está asociada a la activación/liberación de varias biomoléculas, entre ellas las proteínas de la familia Smyd. De esta forma, algunos estudios indican que Smyd3 está asociado con el crecimiento de células cancerosas. Es importante mencionar que algunos medicamentos actúan como inhibidores de Smyd3 en el tratamiento de algunos tipos de cáncer. Sin embargo, su interacción es muy confusa; por tal motivo, el objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la interacción teórica de la bencenosulfonamida y sus derivados (compuestos 2 al 28) utilizando como herramientas teóricas en el programa DockingServer la proteína 7o2c, novobiocina, BAY-6035, EPZ031686 y BCI-121. . Los resultados mostraron diferencias en los residuos de aminoácidos involucrados en la interacción de la bencenosulfonamida y sus derivados con la superficie de la proteína 7o2c en comparación con los fármacos novobiocina, BAY-6035, EPZ031686 y BCI-121. Además, la constante de inhibición (Ki) para los derivados de bencenosulfonamida 2, 7, 8, 13, 14, 17, 20, 21, 24 y 28 fue mucho menor en comparación con bencenosulfonamida, novobiocina, BAY-6035, EPZ031686 y BCI-121. En conclusión, los derivados de bencenosulfonamida 2, 7, 8, 13, 14, 17, 20, 21, 24 y 28 pueden ser una buena alternativa como inhibidores de Smyd3 para disminuir el crecimiento de células cancerosas.O câncer é um grave problema de saúde pública em todo o mundo. Esta patologia clínica está associada à ativação/liberação de várias biomoléculas, incluindo as proteínas da família Smyd. Desta forma, alguns estudos indicam que o Smyd3 está associado ao crescimento de células cancerígenas. É importante mencionar que algumas drogas atuam como inibidores de Smyd3 no tratamento de alguns tipos de câncer. No entanto, sua interação é muito confusa; por esta razão, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a interação teórica de benzenossulfonamida e seus derivados (compostos 2 a 28) usando a proteína 7o2c, novobiocina, BAY-6035, EPZ031686 e drogas BCI-121 como ferramentas teóricas no programa DockingServer. Os resultados mostraram diferenças nos resíduos de aminoácidos envolvidos na interação da benzenossulfonamida e seus derivados com a superfície da proteína 7o2c em comparação com as drogas novobiocina, BAY-6035, EPZ031686 e BCI-121. Além disso, a constante de inibição (Ki) para os derivados de benzenossulfonamida 2, 7, 8, 13, 14, 17, 20, 21, 24 e 28 foi muito menor em comparação com benzenossulfonamida, novobiocina, BAY-6035, EPZ031686 e BCI-121. Em conclusão, os derivados de benzenossulfonamida 2, 7, 8, 13, 14, 17, 20, 21, 24 e 28 podem ser uma boa alternativa como inibidores de Smyd3 para diminuir o crescimento de células cancerígenas

Biochemical interaction of twenty steroid derivatives with ribosomal protein kinase 4 S6 (RSK-4) surface using a theoretical model

Several genetic expressions have been involved in the development of cancer such as the expression of a ribosomal kinase S6 P90 (RSK-4). It is important to mention that some compounds such as LJH685, 2073047-06-8, and SL0101 can act as RSK-4 inhibitors; however, its interaction with the surface of RSK-4 is very confusing. The aim of this research was to evaluate the interaction of twenty-nine steroid derivatives (1 to 29) with of RSK-4 surface using 6rv2 protein, LJH685, 2073047-06-8 and SL0101 as theoretical tools in the Dockingserver program. The results showed differences in the aminoacid residues involved in the interaction of steroid derivatives with 6rv2 protein surface compared with LJH685, 2073047-06-8 and SL0101. Besides, the inhibition constant for steroid derivatives 1, 12, 14, 19 and 22 was lower compared to 2073047-06-8 drug. In conclusion, the steroid derivatives 1, 12, 14, 19 and 22 could be a good alternative as RSK-4 inhibitors to decrease cancer cells growth

Haplotype analysis of the internationally distributed BRCA1 c.3331_3334delCAAG founder mutation reveals a common ancestral origin in Iberia

Background: TheBRCA1c.3331_3334delCAAG founder mutation has been reported in hereditary breast and ovarian cancer families from multiple Hispanic groups. We aimed to evaluateBRCA1c.3331_3334delCAAG haplotype diversity in cases of European, African, and Latin American ancestry. Methods: BC mutation carrier cases from Colombia (n = 32), Spain (n = 13), Portugal (n = 2), Chile (n = 10), Africa (n = 1), and Brazil (n = 2) were genotyped with the genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays to evaluate haplotype diversity aroundBRCA1c.3331_3334delCAAG. Additional Portuguese (n = 13) and Brazilian (n = 18) BC mutation carriers were genotyped for 15 informative SNPs surroundingBRCA1. Data were phased using SHAPEIT2, and identical by descent regions were determined using BEAGLE and GERMLINE. DMLE+ was used to date the mutation in Colombia and Iberia. Results: The haplotype reconstruction revealed a shared 264.4-kb region among carriers from all six countries. The estimated mutation age was similar to 100 generations in Iberia and that it was introduced to South America early during the European colonization period. Conclusions: Our results suggest that this mutation originated in Iberia and later introduced to Colombia and South America at the time of Spanish colonization during the early 1500s. We also found that the Colombian mutation carriers had higher European ancestry, at the BRCA1 gene harboring chromosome 17, than controls, which further supported the European origin of the mutation. Understanding founder mutations in diverse populations has implications in implementing cost-effective, ancestry-informed screening

Effectiveness of an mHealth intervention combining a smartphone app and smart band on body composition in an overweight and obese population: Randomized controlled trial (EVIDENT 3 study)

Background: Mobile health (mHealth) is currently among the supporting elements that may contribute to an improvement in health markers by helping people adopt healthier lifestyles. mHealth interventions have been widely reported to achieve greater weight loss than other approaches, but their effect on body composition remains unclear. Objective: This study aimed to assess the short-term (3 months) effectiveness of a mobile app and a smart band for losing weight and changing body composition in sedentary Spanish adults who are overweight or obese. Methods: A randomized controlled, multicenter clinical trial was conducted involving the participation of 440 subjects from primary care centers, with 231 subjects in the intervention group (IG; counselling with smartphone app and smart band) and 209 in the control group (CG; counselling only). Both groups were counselled about healthy diet and physical activity. For the 3-month intervention period, the IG was trained to use a smartphone app that involved self-monitoring and tailored feedback, as well as a smart band that recorded daily physical activity (Mi Band 2, Xiaomi). Body composition was measured using the InBody 230 bioimpedance device (InBody Co., Ltd), and physical activity was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Results: The mHealth intervention produced a greater loss of body weight (–1.97 kg, 95% CI –2.39 to –1.54) relative to standard counselling at 3 months (–1.13 kg, 95% CI –1.56 to –0.69). Comparing groups, the IG achieved a weight loss of 0.84 kg more than the CG at 3 months. The IG showed a decrease in body fat mass (BFM; –1.84 kg, 95% CI –2.48 to –1.20), percentage of body fat (PBF; –1.22%, 95% CI –1.82% to 0.62%), and BMI (–0.77 kg/m2, 95% CI –0.96 to 0.57). No significant changes were observed in any of these parameters in men; among women, there was a significant decrease in BMI in the IG compared with the CG. When subjects were grouped according to baseline BMI, the overweight group experienced a change in BFM of –1.18 kg (95% CI –2.30 to –0.06) and BMI of –0.47 kg/m2 (95% CI –0.80 to –0.13), whereas the obese group only experienced a change in BMI of –0.53 kg/m2 (95% CI –0.86 to –0.19). When the data were analyzed according to physical activity, the moderate-vigorous physical activity group showed significant changes in BFM of –1.03 kg (95% CI –1.74 to –0.33), PBF of –0.76% (95% CI –1.32% to –0.20%), and BMI of –0.5 kg/m2 (95% CI –0.83 to –0.19). Conclusions: The results from this multicenter, randomized controlled clinical trial study show that compared with standard counselling alone, adding a self-reported app and a smart band obtained beneficial results in terms of weight loss and a reduction in BFM and PBF in female subjects with a BMI less than 30 kg/m2 and a moderate-vigorous physical activity level. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to ensure that this profile benefits more than others from this intervention and to investigate modifications of this intervention to achieve a global effect

Familial hypercholesterolaemia in children and adolescents from 48 countries: a cross-sectional study

Background: Approximately 450 000 children are born with familial hypercholesterolaemia worldwide every year, yet only 2·1% of adults with familial hypercholesterolaemia were diagnosed before age 18 years via current diagnostic approaches, which are derived from observations in adults. We aimed to characterise children and adolescents with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HeFH) and understand current approaches to the identification and management of familial hypercholesterolaemia to inform future public health strategies. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, we assessed children and adolescents younger than 18 years with a clinical or genetic diagnosis of HeFH at the time of entry into the Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC) registry between Oct 1, 2015, and Jan 31, 2021. Data in the registry were collected from 55 regional or national registries in 48 countries. Diagnoses relying on self-reported history of familial hypercholesterolaemia and suspected secondary hypercholesterolaemia were excluded from the registry; people with untreated LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) of at least 13·0 mmol/L were excluded from this study. Data were assessed overall and by WHO region, World Bank country income status, age, diagnostic criteria, and index-case status. The main outcome of this study was to assess current identification and management of children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia. Findings: Of 63 093 individuals in the FHSC registry, 11 848 (18·8%) were children or adolescents younger than 18 years with HeFH and were included in this study; 5756 (50·2%) of 11 476 included individuals were female and 5720 (49·8%) were male. Sex data were missing for 372 (3·1%) of 11 848 individuals. Median age at registry entry was 9·6 years (IQR 5·8-13·2). 10 099 (89·9%) of 11 235 included individuals had a final genetically confirmed diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolaemia and 1136 (10·1%) had a clinical diagnosis. Genetically confirmed diagnosis data or clinical diagnosis data were missing for 613 (5·2%) of 11 848 individuals. Genetic diagnosis was more common in children and adolescents from high-income countries (9427 [92·4%] of 10 202) than in children and adolescents from non-high-income countries (199 [48·0%] of 415). 3414 (31·6%) of 10 804 children or adolescents were index cases. Familial-hypercholesterolaemia-related physical signs, cardiovascular risk factors, and cardiovascular disease were uncommon, but were more common in non-high-income countries. 7557 (72·4%) of 10 428 included children or adolescents were not taking lipid-lowering medication (LLM) and had a median LDL-C of 5·00 mmol/L (IQR 4·05-6·08). Compared with genetic diagnosis, the use of unadapted clinical criteria intended for use in adults and reliant on more extreme phenotypes could result in 50-75% of children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia not being identified. Interpretation: Clinical characteristics observed in adults with familial hypercholesterolaemia are uncommon in children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia, hence detection in this age group relies on measurement of LDL-C and genetic confirmation. Where genetic testing is unavailable, increased availability and use of LDL-C measurements in the first few years of life could help reduce the current gap between prevalence and detection, enabling increased use of combination LLM to reach recommended LDL-C targets early in life

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio

Juxtaposing BTE and ATE – on the role of the European insurance industry in funding civil litigation

One of the ways in which legal services are financed, and indeed shaped, is through private insurance arrangement. Two contrasting types of legal expenses insurance contracts (LEI) seem to dominate in Europe: before the event (BTE) and after the event (ATE) legal expenses insurance. Notwithstanding institutional differences between different legal systems, BTE and ATE insurance arrangements may be instrumental if government policy is geared towards strengthening a market-oriented system of financing access to justice for individuals and business. At the same time, emphasizing the role of a private industry as a keeper of the gates to justice raises issues of accountability and transparency, not readily reconcilable with demands of competition. Moreover, multiple actors (clients, lawyers, courts, insurers) are involved, causing behavioural dynamics which are not easily predicted or influenced. Against this background, this paper looks into BTE and ATE arrangements by analysing the particularities of BTE and ATE arrangements currently available in some European jurisdictions and by painting a picture of their respective markets and legal contexts. This allows for some reflection on the performance of BTE and ATE providers as both financiers and keepers. Two issues emerge from the analysis that are worthy of some further reflection. Firstly, there is the problematic long-term sustainability of some ATE products. Secondly, the challenges faced by policymakers that would like to nudge consumers into voluntarily taking out BTE LEI

Search for stop and higgsino production using diphoton Higgs boson decays

Results are presented of a search for a "natural" supersymmetry scenario with gauge mediated symmetry breaking. It is assumed that only the supersymmetric partners of the top-quark (stop) and the Higgs boson (higgsino) are accessible. Events are examined in which there are two photons forming a Higgs boson candidate, and at least two b-quark jets. In 19.7 inverse femtobarns of proton-proton collision data at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV, recorded in the CMS experiment, no evidence of a signal is found and lower limits at the 95% confidence level are set, excluding the stop mass below 360 to 410 GeV, depending on the higgsino mass