Patterns and determinants of antenatal care utilization:analysis of national survey data in seven countdown countries

Antenatal care (ANC) is critical for improving maternal and newborn health. WHO recommends that pregnant women complete at least four ANC visits. Countdown and other global monitoring efforts track the proportions of women who receive one or more visits by a skilled provider (ANC1+) and four or more visits by any provider (ANC4+). This study investigates patterns of drop–off in use between ANC1+ and ANC4+, and explores inequalities in women’s use of ANC services. It also identifies determinants of utilization and describes countries’ ANC–related policies, and programs

Deciding case by case on family presence in the emergency care service

Objective: To understand how physicians and nurses experience and perceive the presence of families in the emergency care service. Methods: This was a qualitative study that used symbolic interactionism as a theoretical reference, and grounded theory as a methodological reference. Twenty professionals participated – equally representing physicians and nurses - working in two emergency rooms located in the south of Brazil. Data were collected between October of 2016 and February of 2017, by means of interviews. Results: The existence of a social culture of family exclusion was identifi ed, widely diffused and practiced by professionals. However, families sometimes remain with their loved ones in the emergency room, since professionals analyze and decide “case by case”, considering different aspects throughout the care process. Conclusion: Multiple aspects are related in determining family presence during emergency care for physicians and nurses. Thus, a single directive on the presence of the family is not prudent. In fact, it is suggested that each health unit develop its protocols, considering local particularities.Objetivo: Compreender como médicos e enfermeiros vivenciam e percebem a presença da família no serviço de atendimento emergencial. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo que utilizou o Interacionismo Simbólico como referencial teórico e a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados como referencial metodológico. Participaram 20 profi ssionais – divididos equitativamente entre médicos e enfermeiros – que atuavam em duas Salas de Emergência localizadas no Sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados entre outubro de 2016 e fevereiro de 2017, por meio de entrevistas. Resultados: Identifi cou-se a existência de uma cultura social de exclusão familiar, amplamente difundida e praticada pelos profi ssionais. Contudo, às vezes, as famílias permanecem com seus entes queridos na Sala de Emergência, visto que os profi ssionais analisam e decidem “caso a caso”, considerando diferentes aspectos ao longo do processo assistencial. Conclusão: Para médicos e enfermeiros múltiplos aspectos estão relacionados na determinação da presença familiar durante o atendimento emergencial. Assim, não é aconselhável uma diretiva única para a presença da família. Em realidade, sugere-se que cada unidade de saúde elabore seus protocolos considerando as particularidades locais.Objetivo: Comprender cómo médicos y enfermeros experimentan y perciben la presencia familiar en el servicio de atención de urgencias. Métodos: Estudio cualitativo, aplicando el Interaccionismo Simbólico como referencial teórico, y la Teoría Fundamentada en los Datos como referencial metodológico. Participaron 20 profesionales –equitativamente divididos entre médicos y enfermeros– actuantes en dos Servicios de Urgencias del Sur de Brasil. Datos recolectados de octubre 2016 a febrero 2017 mediante entrevistas. Resultados: Se identifi có la existencia de una cultura social de exclusión familiar, ampliamente difundida y practicada por los profesionales. Igualmente, a veces, las familias permanecen con sus seres queridos en el Servicio de Urgencias, dado que los profesionales analizan y deciden “caso por caso”, considerando diferentes aspectos a lo largo del proceso de atención. Conclusión: Para médicos y enfermeros, múltiples aspectos se relacionan con la determinación de la presencia familiar durante la atención de urgencia. Por ello, no es aconsejable una directiva única sobre presencia familiar. En realidad, se sugiere que cada unidad de salud elabore sus protocolos considerando sus propias características

An Integrated TCGA Pan-Cancer Clinical Data Resource to Drive High-Quality Survival Outcome Analytics

For a decade, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) program collected clinicopathologic annotation data along with multi-platform molecular profiles of more than 11,000 human tumors across 33 different cancer types. TCGA clinical data contain key features representing the democratized nature of the data collection process. To ensure proper use of this large clinical dataset associated with genomic features, we developed a standardized dataset named the TCGA Pan-Cancer Clinical Data Resource (TCGA-CDR), which includes four major clinical outcome endpoints. In addition to detailing major challenges and statistical limitations encountered during the effort of integrating the acquired clinical data, we present a summary that includes endpoint usage recommendations for each cancer type. These TCGA-CDR findings appear to be consistent with cancer genomics studies independent of the TCGA effort and provide opportunities for investigating cancer biology using clinical correlates at an unprecedented scale. Analysis of clinicopathologic annotations for over 11,000 cancer patients in the TCGA program leads to the generation of TCGA Clinical Data Resource, which provides recommendations of clinical outcome endpoint usage for 33 cancer types

A new methodology to assess the performance and uncertainty of source apportionment models II: The results of two European intercomparison exercises

The performance and the uncertainty of receptor models (RMs) were assessed in intercomparison exercises employing real-world and synthetic input datasets. To that end, the results obtained by different practitioners using ten different RMs were compared with a reference. In order to explain the differences in the performances and uncertainties of the different approaches, the apportioned mass, the number of sources, the chemical profiles, the contribution-to-species and the time trends of the sources were all evaluated using the methodology described in Belis et al. (2015). In this study, 87% of the 344 source contribution estimates (SCEs) reported by participants in 47 different source apportionment model results met the 50% standard uncertainty quality objective established for the performance test. In addition, 68% of the SCE uncertainties reported in the results were coherent with the analytical uncertainties in the input data. The most used models, EPA-PMF v.3, PMF2 and EPA-CMB 8.2, presented quite satisfactory performances in the estimation of SCEs while unconstrained models, that do not account for the uncertainty in the input data (e.g. APCS and FA-MLRA), showed below average performance. Sources with well-defined chemical profiles and seasonal time trends, that make appreciable contributions (>10%), were those better quantified by the models while those with contributions to the PM mass close to 1% represented a challenge. The results of the assessment indicate that RMs are capable of estimating the contribution of the major pollution source categories over a given time window with a level of accuracy that is in line with the needs of air quality management

Measurement of the cross section for isolated-photon plus jet production in pp collisions at √s=13 TeV using the ATLAS detector

The dynamics of isolated-photon production in association with a jet in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV are studied with the ATLAS detector at the LHC using a dataset with an integrated luminosity of 3.2 fb−1. Photons are required to have transverse energies above 125 GeV. Jets are identified using the anti- algorithm with radius parameter and required to have transverse momenta above 100 GeV. Measurements of isolated-photon plus jet cross sections are presented as functions of the leading-photon transverse energy, the leading-jet transverse momentum, the azimuthal angular separation between the photon and the jet, the photon–jet invariant mass and the scattering angle in the photon–jet centre-of-mass system. Tree-level plus parton-shower predictions from Sherpa and Pythia as well as next-to-leading-order QCD predictions from Jetphox and Sherpa are compared to the measurements

A search for resonances decaying into a Higgs boson and a new particle X in the XH → qqbb final state with the ATLAS detector

A search for heavy resonances decaying into a Higgs boson (H) and a new particle (X) is reported, utilizing 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data at collected during 2015 and 2016 with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The particle X is assumed to decay to a pair of light quarks, and the fully hadronic final state is analysed. The search considers the regime of high XH resonance masses, where the X and H bosons are both highly Lorentz-boosted and are each reconstructed using a single jet with large radius parameter. A two-dimensional phase space of XH mass versus X mass is scanned for evidence of a signal, over a range of XH resonance mass values between 1 TeV and 4 TeV, and for X particles with masses from 50 GeV to 1000 GeV. All search results are consistent with the expectations for the background due to Standard Model processes, and 95% CL upper limits are set, as a function of XH and X masses, on the production cross-section of the resonance