9 research outputs found
Quality of Life and Clinical Outcomes in Elderly Patients Treated with Ventricular Pacing as Compared with Dual-Chamber Pacing
- Author
- Ellenbogen Kenneth A., , M.D.
- Estes N.A. Mark, , M.D.
- Goldman Lee, , M.D.
- Griffin John J.
- Huang Shoei K. Stephen, , M.D.
- Lamas Gervasio A., , M.D.
- Lieberman Eric H., , M.D.
- Maloney James D.
- Mangione Carol M., , M.D.
- Marinchak Roger A., , M.D.
- Mitchell Gary F., , M.D.
- Orav E. John, , Ph.D.
- Rizo-Patrón Carlos
- Sgarbossa Elena B., , M.D.
- Stambler Bruce S., , M.D.
- Venditti Ferdinand J.
- Wilkoff Bruce L.
- Publication venue
- VCU Scholars Compass
- Publication date
- 01/01/1998
- Field of study
ABSTRACT
Background Standard clinical practice permits the use of either single-chamber ventricular pacemakers or dual-chamber pacemakers for most patients who require cardiac pacing. Ventricular pacemakers are less expensive, but dual-chamber pacemakers are believed to be more physiologic. However, it is not known whether either type of pacemaker results in superior clinical outcomes.
Methods The Pacemaker Selection in the Elderly study was a 30-month, single-blind, randomized, controlled comparison of ventricular pacing and dualchamber pacing in 407 patients 65 years of age or older in 29 centers. Patients received a dual-chamber pacemaker that had been randomly programmed to either ventricular pacing or dual-chamber pacing. The primary end point was health-related quality of life as measured by the 36-item Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form General Health Survey.
Results The average age of the patients was 76 years (range, 65 to 96), and 60 percent were men. Quality of life improved significantly after pacemaker implantation (P0.001), but there were no differences between the two pacing modes in either the quality of life or prespecified clinical outcomes (including cardiovascular events or death). However, 53 patients assigned to ventricular pacing (26 percent) were crossed over to dual-chamber pacing because of symptoms related to the pacemaker syndrome. Patients with sinus-node dysfunction, but not those with atrioventricular block, had moderately better quality of life and cardiovascular functional status with dual-chamber pacing than with ventricular pacing. Trends of borderline statistical significance in clinical end points favoring dual-chamber pacing were observed in patients with sinus-node dysfunction, but not in those with atrioventricular block.
Conclusions The implantation of a permanent pacemaker improves health-related quality of life. The quality-of-life benefits associated with dualchamber pacing as compared with ventricular pacing are observed principally in the subgroup of patients with sinus-node dysfunction. (N Engl J Med 1998;338:1097-104.
ARIA 2016: Care pathways implementing emerging technologies for predictive medicine in rhinitis and asthma across the life cycle
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- Aberer W. (W.)
- Agache I.
- Akdis C.A.
- Akdis C.A.
- Ankri J.
- Annesi-Maesano I. (Isabella)
- Ansotegui I.J. (I.)
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- Bedbrook A. (Anna)
- Beghe B.
- Bel E.H.
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- Benson M.
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- Bewick M.
- Białoszewski A.Z.
- Bieber T. (Thomas)
- Bindslev-Jensen C. (Carsten)
- Bjermer L. (Leif)
- Blain H.
- Blasi F. (Francesco)
- Boner A.L.
- Bonini M. (Matteo)
- Bonini S. (Sergio)
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- Bouchard J. (Jacques)
- Boulet L.P.
- Bourret R.
- Bousquet J. (Jean)
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- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 30/12/2016
- Field of study
The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) initiative commenced during a World Health Organization workshop in 1999. The initial goals were (1) to propose a new allergic rhinitis classification, (2) to promote the concept of multi-morbidity in asthma a
Factors Associated with Revision Surgery after Internal Fixation of Hip Fractures
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- Adams J.D. (John D.)
- Agel J. (Julie)
- Ahn H. (Henry)
- Ahn J. (Jaimo)
- Albers G.H.R. (G.H. Robert)
- Alexander D. (David)
- Alosky R. (Rachel)
- Amirault J.D. (J. David)
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- Anand S. (Sanjeev)
- Anderson C.G. (Christopher G.)
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- Archdeacon M. (Michael)
- Arora V. (Vinod)
- Aurang K. (Kamran)
- Avram V. (Victoria)
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- Baele J. (Joseph)
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- Bardana D. (Davide)
- Barden B.B. (Benjamin B.)
- Beckish M.L. (Michael L.)
- Bedi H. (Harvinder)
- Ben Schmidt G. (G.)
- Bhandari M. (Mohit)
- Bhatia M. (Mahesh)
- Bicknell R. (Ryan)
- Biddulph M. (Michael)
- Bielby S.A. (Shea A.)
- Biert J. (Jan)
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- Borch T. (Tor)
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- Murphy R.L. (R. Lee)
- Murtha Y.M. (Yvonne M.)
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- Nam D. (Diane)
- Nanda R. (Rajesh)
- Nanney T. (Tracy)
- Napierala M. (Matthew)
- Nastoff L.A. (Lauren A.)
- Naumetz V. (V.)
- Nauth A. (Aaron)
- Newman H. (Heike)
- Nicolaisen T. (Tor)
- Nies F. (Frank) de
- Nilsen F. (Fredrik)
- Noble K. (Krista)
- Nousiainen M. (Markku)
- O'Malley L.K. (Lawrence K.)
- O'Neil J. (Joseph)
- Oatt A. (Amber)
- Obremskey W. (William)
- Olakkengil D.J. (Davy J)
- Oliver T.M. (Todd M.)
- Oprel P.P. (Pim)
- Out N.J.M. (Nico J.M.)
- Oxner W. (William)
- Pace T.B. (Thomas B.)
- Palla N. (Naveen)
- Pape H.-C. (Hans-Christoph)
- Papp S. (Steve)
- Parr J.A. (J. Andrew)
- Patka P. (Peter)
- Payton K. (Krystal)
- Pecorella K. (Kaili)
- Perey B. (Bertrand)
- Peters M.E. (Melissa E.)
- Peters R. (Rolf)
- Peterson B. (Brett)
- Pfeifer R. (Roman)
- Pilling L. (Lindsey)
- Pincus P. (Paul)
- Pirpiris M. (Marinis)
- Poelhekke L.M.S.J.
- Pol C. (Carmen) van der
- Ponsen K.J. (Kees-jan)
- Poolman R.W. (Rudolf)
- Porter S.E. (Scott E.)
- Pourmand D. (Deeba)
- Powell J. (James)
- Prasad A.S. (Amal Shankar)
- Prayson M.J. (Michael J.)
- Price D.M. (Dustin M.)
- Probe R. (Robert)
- Puloski S. (Shannon)
- Rai A. (Anil)
- Rai B.S. (B. Sachidananda)
- Rai K. (Kamal)
- Rajakumar J. (Janakiraman)
- Rangan A. (Amar)
- Reardon G. (Gerald)
- Reed M.R. (Mike)
- Reeves C. (Christina)
- Rhemrev S. (Steven)
- Richards J.E. (Justin E.)
- Richardson C.G. (C. Glen)
- Richardson M. (Martin)
- Rieser G.R. (Geoffrey Ryan)
- Riet M. (Martijne) van 't
- Rijbroek B. (Bram)
- Rijcke P.A.R. (Piet)
- Rijna H.
- Ringler J.R. (James R.)
- Ritchie E.D. (Ewan D.)
- Robbins K. (Kristin)
- Roffey D.M. (Darren M.)
- Romero A.W. (Amanda W.)
- Roper E. (Elizabeth)
- Rose G. (Glynis)
- Roukema G.R. (Gert)
- Rubino L.J. (L. Joseph)
- Russ M. (Matthias)
- Rutherford T. (Tori)
- Rydinge J. (Jonas)
- Sage C. (Claire)
- Sagebien C.A. (Carlos A.)
- Sanders D. (David)
- Sanghavi A. (Amir)
- Schaller T.M. (Thomas M.)
- Scheepers J.J. (Joris J.)
- Schemitsch E.H. (Emil H.)
- Schep N.W.L. (Niels)
- Schmidt A.H. (Andrew H.)
- Schreurs B. (Bart)
- Schrickel T. (Tyson)
- Schwappach J. (John)
- Scott T. (Taryn)
- Scrabeck T. (Tyson)
- Segers M.J.M. (Michiel)
- Sems S.A. (Stephen A.)
- Seuffert P. (Patricia)
- Shaer J. (James)
- Sharma A. (Ateet)
- Sharma G. (Gaurav)
- Shell L.E. (Leslie E.)
- Shepard S. (Stephanie)
- Shively K. (Karl)
- Sietsema D.L. (Debra L.)
- Silva H. (Heather)
- Silvis R. (Rob)
- Simmermacher R.K.J.
- Simons M.P.
- Simunovic N. (Nicole)
- Singh S. (Sanjay)
- Siroen M.P.C. (Michiel P.C.)
- Siska P. (Peter)
- Slobogean G.P. (Gerard P.)
- Smedsrud M. (Morten)
- Smits A.B. (Anke B.)
- Snellen J.P. (Jaap P.)
- Snider R.G. (Rebecca G.)
- Specht L.M. (Lawrence M.)
- Sprag S. (Sheila)
- Sprague S. (Sheila)
- Stahel P. (Philip)
- Stassen L.P.S. (Laurents P.S.)
- Stephen D. (David)
- Stinner D. (Daniel)
- Stockmann H. (Heyn)
- Stone T. (Trevor)
- Stringfellow K. (Kenya)
- Strohecker K. (Kent)
- Stull P. (Philip)
- Stødle A. (Are)
- Subash ()
- Sullivan R.J. (Raymond J.)
- Sundaresh D.C. (D. C.)
- Swenson T.K. (Teresa K.)
- Swinton M. (Marilyn)
- Swiontkowski M.F. (Marc )
- Switzer J.A. (Julie A.)
- Tan E.C.T.H. (Edward C.T.H.)
- Tanksley J.A. (John A.)
- Tanner S.L. (Stephanie L.)
- Tannoury C. (Chadi)
- Tarkin I. (Ivan)
- Teasdall R.J. (Robert J.)
- Tetsworth K. (Kevin)
- Tetteroo G.W.M. (Geert)
- Thabane L. (Lehana)
- Theunissen E.B.M. (Evert B.M.)
- Tieszer C. (Christina)
- Tilzey J.F. (John F.)
- Ton L. (Lu)
- Torchia M.E. (Michael E.)
- Tornetta III P. (Paul)
- Torres E.T. (Erick T.)
- Trask K. (Kelly)
- Trenholm J.A. (J. Andrew)
- Trivedi M. (Mittal)
- Trommer A. (Axel)
- Turckan K. (Kahn)
- Tyagi V. (Vivek)
- Tynan M.C. (Martin C.)
- Ugland S. (Stein)
- Vallier H.A. (Heather A.)
- Van Der Brand I. (Igor)
- Van Der Hoeven H. (Henk)
- Van Egmond T. (Teun)
- Van Gaalen S.M. (Steven M.)
- Van Mulken J. (Jeroen)
- Van Vugt A.B. (Arie B.)
- Vang S. (Sandy)
- Verhagen R. (Ronald)
- Verhoeven B. (Bart)
- Verhofstad M.H.J. (Michiel)
- Vermeulen E.G.J. (Erik G.J.)
- Vesterhus E.B. (Elise Berg)
- Vicente M.R. (Milena R.)
- Vis H.M. (Harm) van der
- Viskontas D. (Darius)
- Visser G.A. (Gijs A.)
- Viveiros H. (Helena)
- Vogt M. (Michelle)
- Vries A.C. (Alexander) de
- Vries M.R. (Mark) de
- Vuylsteke R. (Ronald)
- Wadey V. (Veronica)
- Waes O.J.F. (Oscar) van
- Wai E.K. (Eugene K.)
- Walker J.E. (Jane E.)
- Walter S.D. (Stephen D.)
- Wang O. (Otis)
- Ward A. (Angela)
- Watson D.J. (Dylan J.)
- Watson S.T. (Scott T.)
- Weber T. (Timothy)
- Weening B. (Brad)
- Weinerman S. (Stuart)
- Weingarten P. (Peter)
- Weinrauch P. (Patrick)
- Wessel R.N. (Ronald N.)
- Wessem K.J.P. van
- Westberg J.R. (Jerald R.)
- Whatley E. (Erica)
- Whelan D.B. (Daniel B.)
- Wild L.M. (Lisa M.)
- Wille J.C. (Jan)
- Willems W.J. (Jaap)
- Wittich P. (Philippe)
- Wong I. (Ivan)
- Wood G. (Gavin)
- Worman R. (Ripley)
- Wright D.M. (David M.)
- Wyrick J. (John)
- Yach J. (Jeff)
- Yadav V. (Vineet)
- Yang S. (Steven)
- Yee A. (Albert)
- Yen D. (David)
- Yu M. (Michelle)
- Zalzal P. (Paul)
- Zamorano D.P. (David P.)
- Zellar A. (Abby)
- Zhou Q. (Qi)
- Zielinski S.M. (Stephanie)
- Zijl J.A.C. (Jacco A.C.)
- Zohman G. (Gary)
- Zomar M. (Mauri)
- Zurcher A.W. (Arthur W.)
- Publication venue
- 'Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)'
- Publication date
- 01/05/2018
- Field of study
Background: Femoral neck fractures are associated with high rates of revision surgery after management with internal fixation. Using data from the Fixation using Alternative Implants for the Treatment of Hip fractures (FAITH) trial evaluating methods of internal fixation in patients with femoral neck fractures, we investigated associations between baseline and surgical factors and the need for revision surgery to promote healing, relieve pain, treat infection or improve function over 24 months postsurgery. Additionally, we investigated factors associated with (1) hardware removal and (2) implant exchange from cancellous screws (CS) or sliding hip screw (SHS) to total hip arthroplasty, hemiarthroplasty, or another internal fixation device. Methods: We identified 15 potential factors a priori that may be associated with revision surgery, 7 with hardware removal, and 14 with implant exchange. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards analyses in our investigation. Results: Factors associated with increased risk of revision surgery included: female sex, [hazard ratio (HR) 1.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25-2.50; P = 0.001], higher body mass index (fo
Fracture fixation in the operative management of hip fractures (FAITH): an international, multicentre, randomised controlled trial
- Author
- Adams J.D. (John D.)
- Agel J. (Julie)
- Ahn H. (Henry)
- Ahn J. (Jaimo)
- Albers G.H.R. (G.H. Robert)
- Alexander D. (David)
- Alosky R. (Rachel)
- Amirault J.D. (J. David)
- Amundsen A. (Asgeir)
- Anand S. (Sanjeev)
- Anderson C.G. (Christopher G.)
- Anderson L.K. (Linda K.)
- Anderson S.A. (Sarah A.)
- Apostle K. (Kelly)
- Archdeacon M. (Michael)
- Arora V. (Vinod)
- Aurang K. (Kamran)
- Avram V. (Victoria)
- Axelrod T. (Terry)
- Baele J. (Joseph)
- Baker J.K. (Janell K.)
- Bannister E.R. (Evan R.)
- Bardana D. (Davide)
- Barden B.B. (Benjamin B.)
- Beckish M.L. (Michael L.)
- Bedi H. (Harvinder)
- Bhandari Mohit
- Bhatia M. (Mahesh)
- Bicknell R. (Ryan)
- Biddulph M. (Michael)
- Bielby S.A. (Shea A.)
- Biert Jan
- Blokhuis T.J. (Taco J.)
- Borch T. (Tor)
- Borsella V. (Vivian)
- Bosma J. (Jan)
- Bosman C.H.R. (Coks H.R.)
- Bowler C. (Carol)
- Boxma Han
- Boyer D. (Dory)
- Brattgjerd J.E. (Jan Egil)
- Brekke A.C. (Anne Christine)
- Brennan M.L. (Michael L.)
- Breslin M. (Mary)
- Brien H. (Heather)
- Broderick J.S. (J. Scott)
- Brom H.L.F.
- Bronkhorst Maarten
- Browner K. (Kieran)
- Bruijninckx Milko
- Buckingham L. (Lisa)
- Buckley R.E. (Richard E.)
- Bucknill A. (Andrew)
- Buijk S.E. (Steven E.)
- Butler M.S. (Mark S.)
- Bzovsky S. (Sofia)
- Bøe B. (Berthe)
- Caminiti S. (Stephanie)
- Campo M. (Martin)
- Cannada L.K. (Lisa K.)
- Cantu R.V. (Robert V.)
- Carcary K. (Kimberly)
- Carlisle H. (Hope)
- Carr A. (Ashley)
- Cass J.R. (Joseph R.)
- Charlton M. (Michael)
- Cherian J.J. (Joe Joseph)
- Chia A. (Andrew)
- Chuter G. (Graham)
- Clark C. (Callum)
- Clarke-Jenssen J. (John)
- Clarkson R. (Rachel)
- Cleffken Berry
- Clipper L. (Lydia)
- Coady C. (Catherine)
- Cole P.A. (Peter A.)
- Coles C. (Chad)
- Creek A.T. (Aaron T.)
- Crist B.D. (Brett D.)
- Cross W.W. (William W.)
- Csongvay S. (Steve)
- Cuento C. (Claudine)
- Curry H. (Hamish)
- Dadi A. (Akhil)
- Davis C.A. (Craig A.)
- Dawson Imro
- Dawson S.A. (Sarah A.)
- de Brauw M. (Maurits)
- de Meulemeester F.R.A.J. (Frank R.A.J.)
- de Mol van Otterloo A. (Alexander)
- de Rooij P.D. (Peter D.)
- de Vries Reilingh T.S. (Tammo S.)
- de Vries J.P.P.M. (Jean Paul P.M.)
- de Waal Malefijt M.C. (Maarten C.)
- DePaolo C.J. (Charles J.)
- Devereaux P.J. (P. J.)
- Dobb C. (Christine)
- Dobbin G. (Gwendolyn)
- Dohm M.P. (Michael P.)
- Doig S. (Stephen)
- Dolenc A. (Andrea)
- Donald G. (Geoff)
- Donegan D. (Derek)
- Donohue C. (Craig)
- Doornebosch Pascal
- Dowrick A. (Adam)
- Duffy P. (Paul)
- Dulaney-Cripe L. (Liz)
- Dumais J. (Jules)
- Dunbar M. (Michael)
- Duraikannan A. (Aravin)
- Edison M. (Matt)
- Edwards E. (Elton)
- Edwards Michael
- Eickhoff L.S. (Linda S.)
- Eke K. (Kate)
- Ekås G. (Guri)
- Elst Maarten
- Endres T.J. (Terrence J.)
- Ertl J.P. (Janos P.)
- Erwin K. (Katie)
- Esser M. (Max)
- Esterhai J. (John)
- Etherington G. (Greg)
- Evans A. (Andrew)
- Evans S. (Simone)
- Eversdijk Martin
- Fan M. (Mary)
- Farrell D.J. (Dana J.)
- Farrugia R.J. (Richard J)
- Festen Sebastiaan
- Ficke J. (James)
- Finley S.H. (Stephen H.)
- Finn E. (Erin)
- Finnan R. (Ryan)
- Fioole Bram
- Flatøy B. (Bernhard)
- Flynn A. (Annette)
- Foley A.L. (Amy L.)
- Foret J.L. (Jonathan L.)
- Frihagen Frede
- Frizzell V. (Valda)
- Frölke Jan Paul
- Ganguly U. (Utsav)
- Gardeniers J.W.M. (Jean W.M.)
- Garfi J.S. (John S.)
- Garibaldi A. (Alisha)
- Gayton C. (Chris)
- Geeraedts L.M.G. (Leo M.G.)
- Gervais T. (Trevor)
- Ghent W. (Wesley)
- Gibula D. (Douglas)
- Gichuru M. (Mark)
- Gissel H. (Hannah)
- Glazebrook M. (Mark)
- Go P.M.N.Y.M. (Peter M.N.Y.M.)
- Goetz D.R. (David R.)
- Gofton W.T. (Wade T.)
- Gong A. (Andrew)
- Gorczyca J.T. (John T.)
- Goslings Carel
- Govaert L. (Lonneke)
- Graaf Eelco
- Groenendijk Richard
- Gross J.M. (Jonathan M.)
- Gross M. (Michael)
- Gruen G. (Gary)
- Gudger G.K. (Garland K.)
- Guicherit O.R. (Onno R.)
- Gupta A. (Ajay)
- Gurich R.W. (Richard W.)
- Guyatt G. (Gordon)
- Hak D. (David)
- Hall J.A. (Jeremy A.)
- Halliday B. (Brett)
- Hammacher Eric
- Hammerberg E.M. (E. Mark)
- Hampton L. (Lynne)
- Hanusch B.C. (Birgit C.)
- Harrison M. (Mark)
- Hart Cor P.
- Hartog Dennis
- Hasselund S. (Sondre)
- Haverlag Robert
- Heels-Ansdell Diane
- Heetveld Martin
- Heijden Frank
- Hemlock K. (Kim)
- Henderson C. (Corey)
- Henderson E.R. (Eric R.)
- Herriott C. (Chris)
- Hesketh P.J. (Patrick J.)
- Hess S. (Shelley)
- Hewitt M. (Michael)
- Hidy J.T. (Jennifer T.)
- Hileman B. (Barbara)
- Hill A.D. (Austin D.)
- Hjorthaug G. (Geir)
- Hoffman J.M. (Jodi M.)
- Hoffman W.H. (W. H.)
- Hollenbeck S.M. (Steven M.)
- Holt M. (Michael)
- Hoogendoorn J. (Jochem)
- Horan A.D. (Annamarie D.)
- Horner G. (Gillian)
- Horwitz D. (Daniel)
- Hoseth T.M. (Tor Magne)
- Howells F. (Fiona)
- Hsu J.R. (Joseph R.)
- Huff R.B. (Roger B.)
- Hull P. (Peter)
- Humphrey C.A. (Catherine A.)
- Hurley M. (Meghan)
- Ianssen T. (Torben)
- Inman D. (Dominic)
- Iorio R. (Richard)
- Irrgang J. (James)
- Jackson L.T. (Lyle T.)
- Jain A. (Arvind)
- Jain N. (Neeraj)
- Jenkins M. (Mark)
- Jenkinson R. (Richard)
- Jennings A. (Andrew)
- Jeray K.J. (Kyle J.)
- Johal H. (Herman)
- Johnson G. (Garth)
- Johnston D. (David)
- Johnston K. (Kelly)
- Jomaas G. (Geir)
- Jones C.B. (Clifford B.)
- Jones V. (Vicki)
- Josaputra H.A. (Hong A.)
- Jørgen Haug K. (Knut)
- Kain M.S.H. (Michael S.H.)
- Kampen A.
- Karges D.E. (David E.)
- Karlsten A. (Anders)
- Karsten Thomas
- Kates S. (Stephen)
- Keeve J.P. (Jonathan P.)
- Keller P. (Paul)
- Ketz J.P. (John P.)
- Khan F. (Farah)
- Khan R.M. (Ryan M.)
- Khanna A. (Angshuman)
- Kibsgård T. (Thomas)
- Kile E. (Evelyn)
- Kingwell S.P. (Stephen P.)
- Knobe M. (Matthias)
- Koppert C.L. (Cees L.)
- Korley R. (Robert)
- Kottam L. (Lucksy)
- Kreder H. (Hans)
- Kregor P. (Philip)
- Kruse K.K. (Kevin K.)
- Kuiken H. (Hans)
- Kunz M. (Monica)
- Lackey W.G. (Wesley G.)
- Lafferty P.M. (Paul M.)
- Lambert S. (Sue)
- Langan J.W. (Justin W.)
- Laughlin R. (Richard)
- Lawendy A.-R. (Abdel-Rahman)
- Lawson D. (Deanna)
- Le T. (Toan)
- Lee Murphy R. (R.)
- Lee J. (Julia)
- Leenen Luke
- Leffler L.C. (Lauren C.)
- Leighton R. (Ross)
- Lemke H.M. (H. Michael)
- Lewis C.G. (Courtland G.)
- Lewis S. (Sophie)
- Li D. (Doug)
- Li M. (Mengnai)
- Lieberman S. (Shane)
- Liem R. (Ronald)
- Lieshout Esther
- Liew A. (Allen)
- Liew S. (Susan)
- Lindenbaum S. (Stephen)
- Linehan C. (Colleen)
- Lobo M.J. (Margaret J.)
- Logishetty R. (Rajanikanth)
- Lona T. (Tarjei)
- Lorenzo M. (Melissa)
- Love D. (David)
- Luther A. (Arlene)
- Ly T.V. (Thuan V.)
- Lyle L. (Lindsey)
- MacDonald S. (Shelley)
- MacLeod M. (Mark)
- Maddock D. (Deborah)
- Marcantonio A.J. (Andrew J.)
- Marston S.B. (Scott B.)
- Mauffrey C. (Cyril)
- May J. (Jedediah)
- McBeth J.C. (Jessica Cooper)
- McCormack R. (Robert)
- McDonald M.D. (Michael D.)
- McIntyre A.W. (Allison W.)
- McKay P. (Paula)
- McKee M.D. (Michael D.)
- McKercher R. (Ross)
- Mehta S. (Samir)
- Meijer J. (Joost)
- Meylaerts Sven
- Miller R. (Russell)
- Miller T.J. (Timothy J.)
- Mills K. (Kelli)
- Milner K. (Katrine)
- Mishra V. (Vimlesh)
- Mitchell K. (Khalis)
- Moatshe G. (Gilbert)
- Moaveni A. (Ash)
- Molund M. (Marius)
- Monica J.T. (James T.)
- Moola F. (Farhad)
- Moon K. (Karyn)
- Moon R. (Raely)
- Moore M.M. (Molly M.)
- Mullis B. (Brian)
- Murdoch Z. (Zoe)
- Murnaghan J. (John)
- Murtha Y.M. (Yvonne M.)
- Müller O. (Oliver)
- Nam D. (Diane)
- Nanda R. (Rajesh)
- Nanney T. (Tracy)
- Napierala M. (Matthew)
- Nastoff L.A. (Lauren A.)
- Naumetz V. (V.)
- Nauth A. (Aaron)
- Newman H. (Heike)
- Nicolaisen T. (Tor)
- Nies Frank
- Nilsen F. (Fredrik)
- Noble K. (Krista)
- Nousiainen M. (Markku)
- O'Malley L.K. (Lawrence K.)
- O'Neil J. (Joseph)
- Oatt A. (Amber)
- Obremskey W. (William)
- Olakkengil D.J. (Davy J)
- Oliver T.M. (Todd M.)
- Oprel Pim
- Out N.J.M. (Nico J.M.)
- Oxner W. (William)
- Pace T.B. (Thomas B.)
- Palla N. (Naveen)
- Pape H.-C. (Hans-Christoph)
- Papp S. (Steve)
- Parr J.A. (J. Andrew)
- Patka Peter
- Payton K. (Krystal)
- Pecorella K. (Kaili)
- Perey B. (Bertrand)
- Peters M.E. (Melissa E.)
- Peters R. (Rolf)
- Peterson B. (Brett)
- Pfeifer R. (Roman)
- Pilling L. (Lindsey)
- Pincus P. (Paul)
- Pirpiris M. (Marinis)
- Poelhekke L.M.S.J.
- Pol Carmen
- Ponsen Kees-jan
- Poolman Rudolf
- Porter S.E. (Scott E.)
- Pourmand D. (Deeba)
- Powell J. (James)
- Prasad A.S. (Amal Shankar)
- Prayson M.J. (Michael J.)
- Price D.M. (Dustin M.)
- Probe R. (Robert)
- Puloski S. (Shannon)
- Rai A. (Anil)
- Rai B.S. (B. Sachidananda)
- Rai K. (Kamal)
- Rajakumar J. (Janakiraman)
- Rangan A. (Amar)
- Reardon G. (Gerald)
- Reed Mike
- Reeves C. (Christina)
- Rhemrev Steven
- Richards J.E. (Justin E.)
- Richardson C.G. (C. Glen)
- Richardson M. (Martin)
- Rieser G.R. (Geoffrey Ryan)
- Rijbroek B. (Bram)
- Rijcke Piet
- Rijna H.
- Ringler J.R. (James R.)
- Ritchie E.D. (Ewan D.)
- Robbins K. (Kristin)
- Rocca G.J.D. (Gregory J. Della)
- Roffey D.M. (Darren M.)
- Romero A.W. (Amanda W.)
- Roper E. (Elizabeth)
- Rose G. (Glynis)
- Roukema Gert
- Rubino L.J. (L. Joseph)
- Russ M. (Matthias)
- Rutherford T. (Tori)
- Rydinge J. (Jonas)
- Sage C. (Claire)
- Sagebien C.A. (Carlos A.)
- Sanders D. (David)
- Sanghavi A. (Amir)
- Schaller T.M. (Thomas M.)
- Scheepers Joris J.
- Schemitsch Emil
- Schep Niels
- Schmidt A.H. (Andrew H.)
- Schmidt G.B. (G. Ben)
- Schreurs B. (Bart)
- Schrickel T. (Tyson)
- Schwappach J. (John)
- Scott T. (Taryn)
- Scrabeck T. (Tyson)
- Segers M.J.M. (Michiel J.M.)
- Segers Michiel
- Sems S.A. (Stephen A.)
- Seuffert P. (Patricia)
- Shaer J. (James)
- Sharma A. (Ateet)
- Sharma G. (Gaurav)
- Shell L.E. (Leslie E.)
- Shepard S. (Stephanie)
- Shively K. (Karl)
- Sietsema D.L. (Debra L.)
- Silva H. (Heather)
- Silvis R. (Rob)
- Simmermacher R.K.J.
- Simons M.P.
- Simunovic N. (Nicole)
- Simunovic N. (Nicole)
- Singh S. (Sanjay)
- Siroen M.P.C. (Michiel P.C.)
- Siska P. (Peter)
- Slobogean G.P. (Gerard P.)
- Smedsrud M. (Morten)
- Smits A.B. (Anke B.)
- Snellen J.P. (Jaap P.)
- Snider R.G. (Rebecca G.)
- Specht L.M. (Lawrence M.)
- Sprague S. (Sheila)
- Stahel P. (Philip)
- Stassen Laurents
- Stephen D. (David)
- Stinner D. (Daniel)
- Stockmann H. (Heyn)
- Stone T. (Trevor)
- Stringfellow K. (Kenya)
- Strohecker K. (Kent)
- Stull P. (Philip)
- Stødle A. (Are)
- Subash ()
- Sullivan R.J. (Raymond J.)
- Sundaresh D.C. (D. C.)
- Swenson T.K. (Teresa K.)
- Swinton M. (Marilyn)
- Swiontkowski Marc
- Switzer J.A. (Julie A.)
- Tan E.T.C.H. (Edward T.C.H.)
- Tanksley J.A. (John A.)
- Tanner S.L. (Stephanie L.)
- Tannoury C. (Chadi)
- Tarkin I. (Ivan)
- Teasdall R.J. (Robert J.)
- Tetsworth K. (Kevin)
- Tetteroo Geert
- Thabane Lehana
- Theunissen E.B.M. (Evert B.M.)
- Tieszer C. (Christina)
- Tilzey J.F. (John F.)
- Ton L. (Lu)
- Torchia M.E. (Michael E.)
- Tornetta Paul
- Torres E.T. (Erick T.)
- Trask K. (Kelly)
- Trenholm J.A. (J. Andrew)
- Trivedi M. (Mittal)
- Trommer A. (Axel)
- Turckan K. (Kahn)
- Tyagi V. (Vivek)
- Tynan M.C. (Martin C.)
- Ugland S. (Stein)
- Vallier H.A. (Heather A.)
- van der Brand I. (Igor)
- van der Hoeven H. (Henk)
- van Egmond T. (Teun)
- van Gaalen S.M. (Steven M.)
- van Mulken J. (Jeroen)
- van Vugt A.B. (Arie B.)
- van ‘t Riet M. (Martijne)
- Vang S. (Sandy)
- Verhagen R. (Ronald)
- Verhoeven B. (Bart)
- Verhofstad Michiel
- Vermeulen E.G.J. (Erik G.J.)
- Vesterhus E.B. (Elise Berg)
- Vicente M.R. (Milena R.)
- Vis Harm
- Viskontas D. (Darius)
- Visser G.A. (Gijs A.)
- Viveiros Helena
- Vogt M. (Michelle)
- Vries Alexander
- Vries Mark
- Vuylsteke R. (Ronald)
- Wadey V. (Veronica)
- Waes Oscar
- Wai E.K. (Eugene K.)
- Walker J.E. (Jane E.)
- Walter S.D. (Stephen D.)
- Wang O. (Otis)
- Ward A. (Angela)
- Watson D.J. (Dylan J.)
- Watson S.T. (Scott T.)
- Weber T. (Timothy)
- Weening B. (Brad)
- Weinerman S. (Stuart)
- Weingarten P. (Peter)
- Weinrauch P. (Patrick)
- Wessel R.N. (Ronald N.)
- Wessem K.J.P.
- Westberg J.R. (Jerald R.)
- Whatley E. (Erica)
- Whelan D.B. (Daniel B.)
- Wild L.M. (Lisa M.)
- Wille Jan
- Willems Jaap
- Wittich Philippe
- Wong I. (Ivan)
- Wood G. (Gavin)
- Worman R. (Ripley)
- Wright D.M. (David M.)
- Wyrick J. (John)
- Yach J. (Jeff)
- Yadav V. (Vineet)
- Yang S. (Steven)
- Yee A. (Albert)
- Yen D. (David)
- Yu M. (Michelle)
- Zalzal P. (Paul)
- Zamorano D.P. (David P.)
- Zellar A. (Abby)
- Zhou Q. (Qi)
- Zielinski Stephanie
- Zijl J.A.C. (Jacco A.C.)
- Zohman G. (Gary)
- Zomar M. (Mauri)
- Zurcher A.W. (Arthur W.)
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 15/04/2017
- Field of study
Background Reoperation rates are high after surgery for hip fractures. We investigated the effect of a sliding hip screw versus cancellous screws on the risk of reoperation and other key outcomes. Methods For this international, multicentre, allocation concealed randomised controlled trial, we enrolled patients aged 50 years or older with a low-energy hip fracture requiring fracture fixation from 81 clinical centres in eight countries. Patients were assigned by minimisation with a centralised computer system to receive a single large-diameter screw with a side-plate (sliding hip screw) or the present standard of care, multiple small-diameter cancellous screws. Surgeons and patients were not blinded but the data analyst, while doing the analyses, remained blinded to treatment groups. The primary outcome was hip reoperation within 24 months after initial surgery to promote fracture healing, relieve pain, treat infection, or improve function. Analyses followed the intention-to-treat principle. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00761813. Findings Between Mar
Adherence to treatment in allergic rhinitis using mobile technology. The MASK Study
- Author
- Aberer Werner
- Agache Ioana O.
- Akdiş Cezmi A.
- Akdiş Mübeccel
- Aliberti M. R.
- Almeida Rute
- Amat Flore
- Angles Rosana
- Annesi-Maesano Isabella
- Ansotegui Ignacio Javier
- Antó Josep María
- Arnavielhe Sylvie
- Arnavielle S.
- Arshad Syed Hasan
- Asarnoj A.
- Asayag Estrella
- Avolio Francesca
- Bacci E.
- Bachert Claus
- Baiardini Ilaria
- Barbagallo Mario
- Baroni Ilaria
- Barreto Bruno Acatauassú Paes
- Basagana Xavier
- Bateman Eric D.
- Bedbrook Anna
- Bedolla-Barajas Martin
- Beghι Bianca
- Bel Elisabeth H.D.
- Bennoor Kazi Saifuddin
- Benson Mikael
- Bergmann Karl Christian
- Bertorello Lorenzo
- Bewick Michael
- Bialek Slawomir
- Białoszewski Artur Z.
- Bieber Thomas
- Bindslev-Jensen Carsten
- Bjermer Leif H.
- Blain Hubert
- Blasi Francesco B.
- Blua A.
- Bocheńska-Marciniak Małgorzata
- Bogus-Buczynska Izabela
- Boner Attillio Loris
- Bonini Matteo
- Bonini Sergio
- Bosnic-Anticevich Sinthia
- Bosse Isabelle
- Bouchard Jacques
- Boulet Louis Philippe
- Bourret Rodolphe A.
- Bousquet Jean J.
- Braido Fulvio
- Briedis Vitalis
- Brightling Christopher Edward E.
- Brozek Jan L.
- Bucca Caterina
- Buhl Roland
- Buonaiuto Roland
- Burguete Cabañas María Teresa
- Burte Emilie
- Bush Andrew P.
- Bárbara Cristina
- Caballero-Fonseca Fernán
- Caillaud Denis
- Caimmi Davide Paolo
- Calderõn Moiśes A.
- Camargos Paulo Augusto Moreira
- Camuzat Thierry
- Canfora G.
- Canonica Giorgio Walter
- Cardona Victoria
- Carlsen Kai Håkon
- Carr Warner W.
- Carreiro-Martins Pedro
- Carriazo A.M.
- Cartier C.
- Carvalho Coehlo A.C.
- Casale Thomas B.
- Castellano G.
- Cecchi Lorenzo
- Cepeda A.M.
- Chavannes Niels H.
- Chen Y.
- Chiron Raphaël
- Chivato Tomás
- Chkhartishvili Ekaterine
- Christoff G
- Chuchalin A. G.
- Chung K. F.
- Ciaravolo M.M.
- Ciceran A.
- Cingi Cemal
- Ciprandi Giorgio
- Colas L.
- Colgan E.
- Coll J.
- Conforti D.
- Correia De Sousa Jaime
- Corti F.
- Cortés-Grimaldo R.M.
- Costa Elísio
- Costa-Dominguez M.C.
- Courbis A.L.
- Cox L.
- Crescenzo M.
- Cruz Alvaro A
- Czarlewski Wienczyslawa
- D'Amato G
- da Silva J.
- Dahlen S.E.
- Dario C.
- Darsow Ulf
- Dauvilliers Y.
- De Blay Frédéric
- De Carlo Giuseppe
- De Feo Giulia
- de Fátima Emerson M.
- De Manuel-Keenoy Esteban
- De Martino B.
- De Vries Govert
- Dedeu Tony
- Deleanu Diana
- Demoly Pascal
- Denburg Judah A.
- Devillier Philippe
- Devillier Philippe H
- Di Capua Ercolano S.
- Di Carluccio N.
- Didier Alain P.
- Dokić Dejan
- Dominguez-Silva M.G.
- Douagui Habib B.
- Dray Gérard
- Du Toit George L.
- Dubakiene Ruta
- Durham Stephen R.
- Dykewicz Mark S.
- Eklund Patrik E.
- El-Gamal Yehia M.
- Eller Esben
- Farrell J.
- Farsi A.
- Ferreira de Mello Jr J.
- Ferrero J.
- Fink-Wagner Antje H.
- Fiocchi Alessandro
- Fokkens Wytske J
- Fonseca João Almeida
- Fontaine Jean-François
- Forti S.
- Fuentes Perez M.
- Gamkrelidze Amiran G.
- Garcia-Aymerich J.
- Garcia-Cruz M.H.
- García-Cobas C.Y.
- Gemıcıoğlu Bilun
- Gemıcıoğlu Bilun
- Genova S.
- Gereda José E.
- Gerth van Wijk R.
- Gomez R.M.
- González-Dνaz Sandra
- Gotua Maia A.
- Grisle Ineta
- Guidacci M.
- Guldemond N.A.
- Guzmán María Antonieta
- Gálvez-Romero J.L.
- Gómez-Vera J.
- Gϋtter Zdenĕk
- Haahtela Tari M.K.
- Hajjam J.
- Hellings Peter W
- Hernández L.
- Hourihane J.O'B.
- Huerta Villabolos Y .R.
- Humbert Marc
- Iaccarino Guido
- Illario M
- Ispayeva Z
- Ivancevich Juan Carlos
- Jares Edgardo José
- Jassem E.
- Johnston Sebastian Lennox
- Joos Guy F.P.
- Jung Ki Suck
- Just Jocelyne
- Jutel Marek
- Kaidashev I.
- Kalaycì Ömer
- Kalyoncu Ali Fuat
- Kardas Przemysław
- Karjalainen J.
- Keil Thomas
- Keith Paul Kevin
- Khaitov Musa R.
- Khaltaev Nikolaο G.
- Kleine-Tebbe J.
- Klimek Ludger
- Kowalski Marek Leszek
- Krzych-Fałta E.
- Kuitunen M.
- Kull Inger
- Kuna Piotr B.
- Kupczyk M.
- Kvedariene Violeta
- Lacwik P.
- Larenas-Linnemann Désirée E.S.
- Laune Daniel
- Lauri D.
- Lavrut J.
- Le L.T.T.
- Lessa M.
- Levato G.
- Li Jing
- Lieberman Phil L.
- Lipiec A.
- Lipworth Brian Jonathon
- Lodrup Carlsen K. C.
- Louis Renaud E.
- Lourenço O.
- Luna-Pech J.A.
- Magnan Antoine O.
- Mahboub Bassam Hassan Saleh Hassan
- Maier D.
- Mair Alpana
- Majer Ivan
- Malva João Oliveira O.
- Mandajieva E.
- Manning Peter J.
- Marshall Gailen D.
- Masjedi Mohammad Reza
- Maspero J.F.
- Mathieu-Dupas E.
- Matos A.L.
- Matta Campos J.J.
- Maurer Marcus
- Mavale-Manuel Sandra
- Mayora O.
- Medina-Avalos M.A.
- Melo-Gomes Elisabete
- Meltzer E.O.
- Melén Erik
- Menditto Enrica
- Mercier Jacques G.
- Miculinić Neven
- Midão Luis
- Mihǎlţan Florin Dumitru
- Milenković Branislava A.
- Moda Giuliana
- Mogica-Martinez M.D.
- Mohammad Y.
- Momas Isabelle
- Montefort Stephen R.
- Monti R.
- Mora Bogado D.
- Morais-Almeida Mário A.
- Morato-Castro F.F.
- Mota-Pinto A.
- Motta Rubina NP
- Moura Santo P.
- Mullol Joaquim
- Muraro A.
- Murray Ruth
- Mösges Ralph
- Münter L.
- Naclerio Robert M.
- Nadif Rachel
- Nalin Marco
- Namazova-Baranova Leyla Seymurovna
- Napoli L.
- Neffen Hugo E.
- Nekam Kristof
- Neou Angelos
- Niedeberger V.
- Nieto A.
- Nogueira-Silva L.
- Nogues Michel
- Novellino Ettore
- Nyembue Tshipukane Dieudonné
- O'Hehir Robyn E.
- Odzhakova C.
- Ohta Ken
- Okamoto Yoshitaka
- Okubo Kimihiro
- Onorato G. L.
- Orlando Valentina
- Ortega Cisneros M.
- Ouedraogo Solange
- Pali-Schöll Isabella
- Palkonen Susanna
- Panaitescu C.
- Panzner Petr
- Papadopoulos Nikos G.
- Papi Alberto
- Park Hae Sim
- Passalacqua Giovanni G.
- Paulino E.
- Pawankar Ruby U.
- Pedersen Soøren Erik
- Pereira Ana Maria
- Persico M.
- Pfaar Oliver
- Phillips J.
- Picard Robert
- Pigearias Bernard
- Pin Isabelle
- Pitsios C.
- Plavec Davor
- Pohl Wolfgang
- Popov T. A.
- Portejoie Fabienne
- Potter Paul C.
- Pozzi A.C.
- Price David B.
- Prokopakis Emmanuel P
- Przemecka M.
- Pugin B.
- Pulido Ross R.E.
- Puy Robert
- Pépin J. L.
- Rabe Klaus Friedrich
- Raciborski Filip
- Rajabian-Soderlund Rojin
- Reitsma Sietze
- Ribeirinho I.
- Rimmer J.
- Rivero-Yeverino D.
- Rizzo J.A.
- Rizzo M.C.
- Robalo-Cordeiro Carlos
- Rodo X.
- Rodrigues Valle S.
- Rodriguez Gonzalez M.
- Rodriguez-Mañas Leocadio
- Rodriguez-Zagal E
- Rolla G.
- Rolland Christine
- Roller-Wirnsberger Regina E
- Romano Antonino
- Romano M.
- Román-Rodrνguez Miguel
- Rosado-Pinto José E.
- Rosário Nélson Augusto
- Rottem Menachem
- Ryan Dermot P.
- Ródenas Rigla Francisco
- Sagara H.
- Salimäki J.
- Samolinski Boleslaw
- Sastre-Dominguez J.
- Sańchez-Borges Mario
- Scadding Glenis Kathleen
- Schmid-Grendelmeier Peter D.
- Schunemann H.J.
- Scichilone Nicola
- Serpa F. S.
- Shamai S.
- Sheikh Aziz
- Sierra M.
- Simons F. Estelle R.
- Siroux V.
- Sisul Juan Carlos
- Skrindo Ingebjørg
- Solé Dirceu
- Somekh David
- Sondermann M.
- Sooronbaev Talantbek M.
- Sorensen M.
- Sorlini M.
- Sova M.
- Spranger Otto
- Stellato Cristiana
- Stelmach Rafael
- Strozek J.
- Stukas R.
- Sunyer J.
- Suppli Ulrik C.
- Szylling A.
- Tebyriçá J.N.
- Thibaudon M.
- To T.
- Todo Bom A.
- Todo-Bom Ana Maria
- Tomazic Peter Valentin
- Toppila-Salmi Sanna
- Trama U.
- Triggiani Massimo
- Urrutia-Pereira M.
- Valenta Rudolf
- Valero Antonio Luνs
- Valiulis Arunas
- Valovirta Erkka Juhani
- van Eerd M.
- van Hague M.
- Van-Ganse Éric H.
- VandenPlas Olivier
- Vasankari Tuula M.
- Vatrella A.
- Ventura M. T.
- Verissimo M.T.
- Vezzani Giorgio
- Viart F.
- Vicheva D.
- Viegi Giovanni
- Vontetsianos Theodore
- Wagenmann Martin
- Walker Samantha M.
- Wallace D. V.
- Wang De Yun
- Waserman S.
- Werfel T.
- Westman M.
- Wickman Magnus
- Williams Dennis M.
- Williams Siân
- Wilson Nicola M.
- Wright John P.
- Wroczynski P.
- Yakovliev P.
- Yawn Barbara P.
- Yiallouros Panayiotis K.
- Yorgancioglu Arzu Arzu
- Yusuf Osman Mohammad
- Zar Heather J.
- Zernotti Mario Emilio
- Zhanat I.
- Zhang Luo
- Zhong Nanshan
- Zidarn Mihaela
- Zuberbier Thorsten
- Zuberbier Torsten
- Zubrinich C.
- Zurkuhlen A.
- Čustović Adnan
- Ėmužytė Regina
- Publication venue
- 'Wiley'
- Publication date
- 01/04/2019
- Field of study
Background: Mobile technology may help to better understand the adherence to treatment. MASK-rhinitis (Mobile Airways Sentinel NetworK for allergic rhinitis) is a patient-centred ICT system. A mobile phone app (the Allergy Diary) central to MASK is available in 22 countries. Objectives: To assess the adherence to treatment in allergic rhinitis patients using the Allergy Diary App. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was carried out on all users who filled in the Allergy Diary from 1 January 2016 to 1 August 2017. Secondary adherence was assessed by using the modified Medication Possession Ratio (MPR) and the Proportion of days covered (PDC) approach. Results: A total of 12 143 users were registered. A total of 6 949 users reported at least one VAS data recording. Among them, 1 887 users reported ≥7 VAS data. About 1 195 subjects were included in the analysis of adherence. One hundred and thirty-six (11.28%) users were adherent (MPR ≥70% and PDC ≤1.25), 51 (4.23%) were partly adherent (MPR ≥70% and PDC = 1.50) and 176 (14.60%) were switchers. On the other hand, 832 (69.05%) users were non-adherent to medications (MPR <70%). Of those, the largest group was non-adherent to medications and the time interval was increased in 442 (36.68%) users. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Adherence to treatment is low. The relative efficacy of continuous vs on-demand treatment for allergic rhinitis symptoms is still a matter of debate. This study shows an approach for measuring retrospective adherence based on a mobile app. This also represents a novel approach for analysing medication-taking behaviour in a real-world setting
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- Author
- Abdelhaq Rami
- Abhinav Diwan
- Abraham Acevedo-Arozena
- Adalberto Merighi
- Adi Kimchi
- Adrian L. Harris
- Agnieszka Sirko
- Ahlberg J
- Ai Yamamoto
- Aimable Nahimana
- Aimee L. Edinger
- Aimin Wang
- Akiko Iwasaki
- Akio Kihara
- Akitsugu Yamamoto
- Aksam EB
- Alan Cheng
- Albert R. La Spada
- Alberto Jiménez
- Alec C. Kimmelman
- Ales Gregorc
- Alessandro Fanzani
- Alexander J. Whitworth
- Alexandra N. Giatromanolaki
- Alexandru Almasan
- Alexei Degterev
- Alexei Terman
- Alfred J. Meijer
- Alicia Meléndez
- Alison Simmons
- Allan B. Caplan
- Allan Tsung
- Allen Kaasik
- Alvin J.X. Lee
- Amal O. Amer
- Amber N. Hale
- Ameeta Kelekar
- Amy A. Kiger
- Ana Brennand
- Ana Coto-Montes
- Ana Maria Cuervo
- Ana Milojkovic
- Anas Younes
- Anastasis Stephanou
- Anders H. Lund
- Andrea Ballabio
- Andreas Brech
- Andreas Mayer
- Andreas S. Reichert
- Andreas Wyttenbach
- Andrei L. Gartel
- Andrew J. Halayko
- Andrew Lieberman
- Andrew Thorburn
- Andriy A. Sibirny
- Andriy Nemchenko
- Angelika A. Noegel
- Angelo De Milito
- Angelo Poletti
- Anil K. Sood
- Anil Prasad
- Ann Progulske-Fox
- Anna Katharina Simon
- Anna M. Giammarioli
- Anna M. Krichevsky
- Anna Nogalska
- Anna S. Gukovskaya
- Anna-Mart Engelbrecht
- Anne Régnier-Vigouroux
- Anne Simonsen
- Annie M. Joubert
- Anthony H.V. Schapira
- Anthony M.J. Sanchez
- Antoinette Lemoine
- Antonio Musarò
- Antonio Piras
- Antonio Zorzano
- Anumantha G. Kanthasamy
- Arlette Darfeuille-Michaud
- Arthi Kanthasamy
- Ashok Kumar
- Assaf Rudich
- Atsuhiro Ichihara
- Atsuo Amano
- Attila L. Kovács
- Audrey Esclatine
- Augustine M.K. Choi
- Ausra Sasnauskiene
- Aviva M. Tolkovsky
- Baharia Mograbi
- Bakhos A. Tannous
- Barry Ganetzky
- Bassam Janji
- Beat C. Bornhauser
- Beat Nyfeler
- Beata Sikorska
- Behzad Yeganeh
- Ben A. Bahr
- Ben C.B. Ko
- Benjamin Dehay
- Benjamin Loos
- Berger B
- Bertrand Joseph
- Bertrand Mollereau
- Beth Levine
- BethAnn McLaughlin
- Biederbick A
- Binfeng Lu
- Bingren Hu
- Bingwei Lu
- Biolo G
- Birmingham CL
- Birmingham CL
- Björn Stork
- Bjørkøy G
- Bo Liu
- Bo Lu
- Boon-Huat Bay
- Boris Turk
- Boris Zhivotovsky
- Bradly G. Wouters
- Brian Herman
- Brian P. Rubin
- Brian Zuckerbraun
- Brigitte Galliot
- Brinda Ravikumar
- Brown CR
- Bruce A. Bamber
- Bruce H. Reed
- Bruno Calabretta
- Bryan Bellaire
- Bulent Ozpolat
- Byung-Wan Lee
- Bärbel Rohrer
- Bélanger M
- Cam Patterson
- Camilla Palumbo
- Camille Martinand-Mari
- Candelaria Gomez-Manzano
- Canhua Huang
- Cantino D
- Carine Michiels
- Carl G. Feng
- Carlos López-Otín
- Carlos S. Subauste
- Carmine Settembre
- Carol A. Mercer
- Carole Kretz-Remy
- Caroline A. Whitehouse
- Catherine McDermott
- Cathleen R. Carlin
- Cathy Tournier
- Caty Casas
- Chan EY
- Chang Hwa Jung
- Changlian Zhu
- Chanhee Kang
- Chao-Yu Miao
- Charbel E.-H. Moussa
- Charleen T. Chu
- Charles Grose
- Charles L. Edelstein
- Charles Swanton
- Chee-Yin Chai
- Chenghan Wu
- Chenguang Wang
- Chengyu Liang
- Cheol O. Joe
- Cheol-Heui Yun
- Chera S
- Cheryl L. Walker
- Chi Hin Cho
- Chi-Ming Che
- Chia-Yi Kuan
- Chiara Di Pietro
- Chien-an A. Hu
- Chihiro Sasakawa
- Ching-Chow Chen
- Chiou-Feng Lin
- Christiaan Leeuwenburgh
- Christian Behl
- Christian Behrends
- Christian G. Meyer
- Christian Münz
- Christian Poüs
- Christian Sell
- Christine McDonald
- Christoph Schüller
- Christopher H.K. Cheng
- Christopher J. Rhodes
- Christopher R. McMaster
- Chun-Feng Liu
- Chun-Nam Lok
- Chwen-Ming Shih
- Ciechomska IA
- Cindy K. Miranti
- Cinthya Sternberg
- Ciro Isidoro
- Clarissa von Haefen
- Clark W. Distelhorst
- Claudia D. Spies
- Claudine Kraft
- Claudio Brancolini
- Claudio D. Gonzalez
- Claudio Hetz
- Claudio Schneider
- Claus Kerkhoff
- Clelia Miracco
- Clinton R. Bartholomew
- Colombo MI
- Cong-Zhao Zhou
- Congcong He
- Conrad C. Weihl
- Corey Nislow
- Cornelis A.M. de Haan
- Craig B. Thompson
- Craig M. Walsh
- Cristiano Simone
- Cristina González-Estévez
- Cuervo AM
- Cécile Vindis
- Céline Gongora
- Da-zhi Xu
- Dagda RK
- Dalibor Mijaljica
- Daniel E. Johnson
- Daniel F. Schorderet
- Daniel H. Fowler
- Daniel J. Klionsky
- Daniel J. Ledbetter
- Daniel M. Béchet
- Daniela Marazziti
- Dao-Cheng Wu
- Daolin Tang
- Daotai Nie
- Dave Bridges
- David A. Gewirtz
- David A. Hood
- David A. Leib
- David A. Sinclair
- David C. Chan
- David C. Rubinsztein
- David H. Kessel
- David H. Perlmutter
- David J. McConkey
- David K. Ann
- David L. Boone
- David M. Sabatini
- David S. Askew
- David Sulzer
- David Zacks
- Davide Malagoli
- Dawei Wang
- Debasish Sinha
- Denne SC
- Dennis E. Bulman
- Deok Ryong Kim
- Derek P. Narendra
- Derick G. Wansink
- Devrim Gozuacik
- Diane C. Bassham
- Diane C. Fingar
- Diane E. Merry
- Diane M. Ward
- Dieter Willbold
- Dimitri Krainc
- Dina Lev
- Dingzhong Tang
- Divaker Choubey
- Do-Hyung Kim
- Dong-Hou Kim
- Dong-Hyung Cho
- Dongsheng Cai
- Donna Denton
- DooSeok Choi
- Dubuisson JF
- Dun-Sheng Yang
- Duncan R. Smith
- Duska Separovic
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- Wen-Xing Ding
- WenLi Chen
- Wiep Scheper
- Wilfried Bursch
- William A. Weiss
- William K.K. Wu
- William T. Jackson
- Wim Martinet
- Wim P. Vandenberghe
- Winter G
- Wolfdieter Springer
- Won-Ki Huh
- Wouter G. van Doorn
- Xavier Molero
- Xi Chen
- Xiang Mao
- Xiang-Bo Wan
- Xianghua Yan
- Xiangmei Chen
- Xiao-Feng Zhu
- Xiao-Ming Yin
- Xiaolei Xu
- Xiaoning Bi
- Xiaoxiang Zheng
- Xiequn Chen
- Xinbing Sui
- Xinglong Wang
- Xiongwei Zhu
- Xiujie J. Wang
- Xu Dong Zhang
- Xue-Jun Li
- Xue-Yuan Bai
- Xuejun Jiang
- Xuejun Jiang
- Xueqin Song
- Ya Hua
- Yaichiro Kotake
- Yan Cheng
- Yan-Bo Li
- Yang Shi
- Yannick Bailly
- Yano K
- Yasuhiko Tomino
- Yasuo Uchiyama
- Yasuyoshi Sakai
- Ye-Guang Chen
- Yi Zhen Deng
- Yi-Fang Zhao
- Yi-Ling Lin
- Yi-Ping Li
- Ying Zhao
- Ying-Jan Wang
- Yingyu Chen
- Yipeng Wang
- Yohta Shimada
- Yokota S
- Yong Ma
- Yong-Joon Chwae
- Yong-Keun Jung
- Yong-Sun Kim
- Yonghyun Kim
- Yongqi Fang
- Yongqiang Chen
- Yoon-A Kang
- Yoshiaki Kamada
- Yoshihiro Shidoji
- Yoshimori T
- Yoshimura K
- Yoshinori Kawazoe
- Yoshitaka Isaka
- Yoshitaka Takano
- Yotaro Izumi
- You-Wen He
- Youji Feng
- Young Ho Koh
- Young-Chau Liu
- Yu-Jen Chen
- Yuan Tian
- Yuangang Zhu
- Yuji Moriyasu
- Yuko Yoshikawa
- Yule Liu
- Yung-Feng Liao
- Yves L. Marcel
- Zahra Zakeri
- Zelda H. Cheung
- Zhang H
- Zhen Fan
- Zhen Lu
- Zhen-Bo Wang
- Zheng Dong
- Zheng-Hong Qin
- Zhenyu Yue
- Zhi-Jun Sun
- Zhi-Min Yuan
- Zhifen Yang
- Zhigang Charles Wang
- Zhijun Xi
- Zhinong Wang
- Zhiping Xie
- Zhixiang Chen
- Zhizhuang J. Zhao
- Zhonglin Xie
- Zhou G
- Zhu H
- Zixu Mao
- Zu-Hang Sheng
- Zuzana Papackova
- Zvulun Elazar
- Åsa B. Gustafsson
- Øverbye A
- Publication venue
- 'Informa UK Limited'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2012
- Field of study
In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- Author
- Abdalla Fabio C.
- Abeliovich Hagai
- Abraham Robert T.
- Acevedo-Arozena Abraham
- Adeli Khosrow
- Agholme Lotta
- Agnello Maria
- Agostinis Patrizia
- Aguirre-Ghiso Julio A.
- Ahn Hyung Jun
- Ait-Mohamed Ouardia
- Ait-Si-Ali Slimane
- Akematsu Takahiko
- Akira Shizuo
- Al-Younes Hesham M.
- Al-Zeer Munir A.
- Albert Matthew L.
- Albin Roger L.
- Alegre-Abarrategui Javier
- Aleo Maria Francesca
- Alirezaei Mehrdad
- Almasan Alexandru
- Almonte-Becerril Maylin
- Amano Atsuo
- Amaravadi Ravi K.
- Amarnath Shoba
- Amer Amal O.
- Anantharam Vellareddy
- Andrieu-Abadie Nathalie
- Ann David K.
- Anoopkumar-Dukie Shailendra
- Aoki Hiroshi
- Apostolova Nadezda
- Arancia Giuseppe
- Aris John P.
- Asanuma Katsuhiko
- Asare Nana Y.O.
- Ashida Hisashi
- Askanas Valerie
- Askew David S
- Auberger Patrick
- Baba Misuzu
- Backues Steven K.
- Baehrecke Eric H.
- Bahr Ben A.
- Bai Xue-Yuan
- Bailly Yannick
- Baiocchi Robert
- Baldini Giulia
- Balduini Walter
- Ballabio Andrea
- Bamber Bruce A.
- Bampton Edward T.W.
- Bartholomew Clinton R.
- Bassham Diane C.
- Bast Robert C.
- Batoko Henri
- Bay Boon-Huat
- Beau Isabelle
- Begley Thomas J.
- Behl Christian
- Behrends Christian
- Bekri Soumeya
- Bellaire Bryan
- Bendall Linda J.
- Benetti Luca
- Berliocchi Laura
- Bernardi Henri
- Bernassola Francesca
- Besteiro Sébastien
- Bhatia-Kiššová Ingrid
- Bi Xiaoning
- Biard-Piechaczyk Martine
- Blum Janice S.
- Boise Lawrence H.
- Bonaldo Paolo
- Boone David L
- Bornhauser Beat C.
- Bortoluci Karina R.
- Bossis Ioannis
- Bost Frédéric
- Bourquin Jean-Pierre
- Boya Patricia
- Boyer-Guittaut Michaël
- Bozhkov Peter V.
- Brady Nathan R
- Brancolini Claudio
- Brech Andreas
- Brenman Jay E.
- Brennand Ana
- Bresnick Emery H.
- Brest Patrick
- Bridges Dave
- Bristol Molly L.
- Brookes Paul S.
- Brown Eric J.
- Brumell John H.
- Brunetti-Pierri Nicola
- Brunk Ulf T.
- Bulman Dennis E.
- Bultman Scott J.
- Bultynck Geert
- Burbulla Lena F.
- Bursch Wilfried
- Butchar Jonathan P.
- Buzgariu Wanda
- Bydlowski Sergio P.
- Béchet Daniel M.
- Cadwell Ken
- Cahová Monika
- Cai Dongsheng
- Cai Jiyang
- Cai Qian
- Calabretta Bruno
- Calvo-Garrido Javier
- Camougrand Nadine
- Campanella Michelangelo
- Campos-Salinas Jenny
- Candi Eleonora
- Cao Lizhi
- Caplan Allan B.
- Carding Simon R.
- Cardoso Sandra M.
- Carew Jennifer S.
- Carlin Cathleen R.
- Carmignac Virginie
- Carneiro Leticia A.M.
- Carra Serena
- Caruso Rosario A.
- Casari Giorgio
- Casas Caty
- Castino Roberta
- Cebollero Eduardo
- Cecconi Francesco
- Celli Jean
- Chaachouay Hassan
- Chae Han-Jung
- Chai Chee-Yin
- Chan David C.
- Chan Edmond Y.
- Chang Raymond Chuen-Chung
- Che Chi-Ming
- Chen Ching-Chow
- Chen Guang-Chao
- Chen Guo-Qiang
- Chen Min
- Chen Quan
- Chen Steve S.-L.
- Chen WenLi
- Chen Xi
- Chen Xiangmei
- Chen Xiequn
- Chen Ye-Guang
- Chen Yingyu
- Chen Yongqiang
- Chen Yu-Jen
- Chen Zhixiang
- Cheng Alan
- Cheng Christopher H.K.
- Cheng Yan
- Cheong Heesun
- Cheong Jae-Ho
- Cherry Sara
- Chess-Williams Russ
- Cheung Zelda H.
- Chevet Eric
- Chiang Hui-Ling
- Chiarelli Roberto
- Chiba Tomoki
- Chin Lih-Shen
- Chiou Shih-Hwa
- Chisari Francis V.
- Cho Chi Hin
- Cho Dong-Hyung
- Choi Augustine MK
- Choi DooSeok
- Choi Kyeong Sook
- Choi Mary E.
- Chouaib Salem
- Choubey Divaker
- Choubey Vinay
- Chu Charleen T
- Chuang Tsung-Hsien
- Chueh Sheau-Huei
- Chun Taehoon
- Chwae Yong-Joon
- Chye Mee-Len
- Ciarcia Roberto
- Ciriolo Maria R.
- Clague Michael J.
- Clark Robert S.B.
- Clarke Peter G.H.
- Clarke Robert B
- Codogno Patrice
- Coller Hilary A.
- Colombo María I.
- Comincini Sergio
- Condello Maria
- Condorelli Fabrizio
- Cookson Mark R.
- Coombs Graham H
- Coppens Isabelle
- Corbalan Ramon
- Cossart Pascale
- Costelli Paola
- Costes Safia
- Coto-Montes Ana
- Couve Eduardo
- Coxon Fraser P.
- Cregg James M.
- Crespo José L.
- Cronjé Marianne J.
- Cuervo Ana Maria
- Cullen Joseph J.
- Czaja Mark J.
- D'Amelio Marcello
- Darfeuille-Michaud Arlette
- Davids Lester M.
- Davies Faith E.
- De Felici Massimo
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- de Haan Cornelis A.M.
- De Martino Luisa
- De Milito Angelo
- De Tata Vincenzo
- Debnath Jayanta
- Degterev Alexei
- Dehay Benjamin
- Delbridge Lea M.D.
- Demarchi Francesca
- Deng Yi Zhen
- Dengjel Jörn
- Dent Paul
- Denton Donna
- Deretic Vojo
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- Devenish Rodney J.
- Di Gioacchino Mario
- Di Paolo Gilbert
- Di Pietro Chiara
- Diaz-Meco Maria T.
- Diaz-Nido Javier
- Dikic Ivan
- Dinesh-Kumar Savithramma P.
- Ding Wen-Xing
- Distelhorst Clark W.
- Diwan Abhinav
- Djavaheri-Mergny Mojgan
- Dokudovskaya Svetlana
- Dong Zheng
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- Dreux Marlène
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- Duan Qiuhong
- Duchosal Michel A
- Duff Karen E.
- Dugail Isabelle
- Durbeej Madeleine
- Duszenko Michael
- Díaz-Araya Guillermo
- Díaz-Laviada Inés
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- Egea Gustavo
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- Ellerby Lisa M.
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- Escalante Ricardo
- Esclatine Audrey
- Eskelinen Eeva-Liisa
- Espert Lucile
- Espina Virginia
- Fan Huizhou
- Fan Jia
- Fan Qi-Wen
- Fan Zhen
- Fang Shengyun
- Fang Yongqi
- Fanto Manolis
- Fanzani Alessandro
- Farkas Thomas
- Farre Jean-Claude
- Faure Mathias
- Fechheimer Marcus
- Feng Carl G.
- Feng Jian
- Feng Qili
- Feng Youji
- Feuer Ralph
- Figueiredo-Pereira Maria E.
- Fimia Gian Maria
- Fingar Diane C.
- Finkbeiner Steven
- Finkel Toren
- Finley Kim D.
- Fiorito Filomena
- Fisher Edward A.
- Fisher Paul B.
- Flajolet Marc
- Flores Juan B. Kouri
- Florez-McClure Maria L.
- Florio Salvatore
- Fon Edward A
- Fornai Francesco
- Fortunato Franco
- Fotedar Rati
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- Franco Rodrigo
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- Fransen Marc
- Fuentes José M.
- Fueyo Juan
- Fujii Jun
- Fujisaki Kozo
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- Fésüs László
- Gaestel Matthias
- Gailly Philippe
- Gajewska Malgorzata
- Galliot Brigitte
- Galy Vincent
- Ganesh Subramaniam
- Ganetzky Barry
- Ganley Ian G.
- Gao Fen-Biao
- Gao George F.
- Gao Jinming
- Garcia Lorena
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- Garmyn Marjan
- Gartel Andrei L.
- Gatti Evelina
- Gautel Mathias
- Gawriluk Thomas R.
- Gegg Matthew E.
- Geng Jiefei
- Germain Marc
- Gestwicki Jason E.
- Gewirtz David A
- Ghavami Saeid
- Ghosh Pradipta
- Giammarioli Anna M.
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- Gibson Spencer B.
- Gilkerson Robert W.
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- Golab Jakub
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- Golstein Pierre
- Gomez-Manzano Candelaria
- Goncu Ebru
- Gongora Céline
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- Gonzalez Ramon
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- González-Polo Rosa Ana
- Gorbunov Nikolai V.
- Gorski Sharon
- Goruppi Sandro
- Gottlieb Roberta A
- Gozuacik Devrim
- Granato Giovanna Elvira
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- Green Kim N.
- Gregorc Ales
- Gros Frédéric
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- Guan Jun-Lin
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- Guichard Sylvie M.
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- Gunst Jan
- Gustafsson Åsa B.
- Halayko Andrew J.
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- Hamasaki Maho
- Han Feng
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- Hancock Michael K.
- Hansen Malene
- Harada Hisashi
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- Hardt Stefan E.
- Harper J. Wade
- Harris Adrian L.
- Harris James
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- Hashimoto Makoto
- Haspel Jeffrey A.
- Hayashi Shin-ichiro
- Hazelhurst Lori A.
- He Congcong
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- Heidenreich Kim A.
- Helfrich Miep H.
- Helgason Gudmundur V.
- Henske Elizabeth P.
- Herman Brian
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- Hetz Claudio
- Hilfiker Sabine
- Hill Joseph A
- Hocking Lynne J.
- Hofman Paul
- Hofmann Thomas G.
- Holyoake Tessa L.
- Hong Ming-Huang
- Hood David A.
- Hotamisligil Gökhan S.
- Houwerzijl Ewout J.
- Hu Bingren
- Hu Chien-an A.
- Hu Hong-Ming
- Hua Ya
- Huang Canhua
- Huang Ju
- Huang Shengbing
- Huang Wei-Pang
- Huber Tobias B.
- Huh Won-Ki
- Hung Tai-Ho
- Hupp Ted R.
- Hur Gang Min
- Hurley James B.
- Hussain Sabah N.A.
- Hussey Patrick J.
- Hwang Jung Jin
- Hwang Seungmin
- Hébert Marie-Josée
- Höhfeld Jörg
- Høyer-Hansen Maria
- Ichihara Atsuhiro
- Ilkhanizadeh Shirin
- Inoki Ken
- Into Takeshi
- Iovane Valentina
- Iovanna Juan L.
- Ip Nancy Y.
- Isaka Yoshitaka
- Ishida Hiroyuki
- Isidoro Ciro
- Isobe Ken-ichi
- Iwasaki Akiko
- Izquierdo Marta
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- Jaakkola Panu M.
- Jackson George R.
- Jackson William T.
- Janji Bassam
- Jendrach Marina
- Jeon Ju-Hong
- Jeung Eui-Bae
- Jiang Hong
- Jiang Hongchi
- Jiang Jean X.
- Jiang Ming
- Jiang Qing
- Jiang Xuejun
- Jiménez Alberto
- Jin Meiyan
- Jin Shengkan V.
- Joe Cheol O.
- Johansen Terje
- Johnson Daniel E.
- Johnson Gail V.W.
- Jones Nicola L.
- Joseph Bertrand
- Joseph Suresh K.
- Joubert Annie M.
- Juhász Gábor
- Juillerat-Jeanneret Lucienne
- Jung Chang Hwa
- Jung Yong-Keun
- Jäättelä Marja
- Kaarniranta Kai
- Kaasik Allen
- Kabuta Tomohiro
- Kadowaki Motoni
- Kamada Yoshiaki
- Kaminskyy Vitaliy O.
- Kampinga Harm H.
- Kanamori Hiromitsu
- Kang Chanhee
- Kang Khong Bee
- Kang Kwang Il
- Kang Rui
- Kang Yoon-A
- Kanki Tomotake
- Kanneganti Thirumala-Devi
- Kanno Haruo
- Kanthasamy Anumantha G.
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- Karantza Vassiliki
- Kaushal Gur P.
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- Ke Po-Yuan
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- Kelekar Ameeta
- Kerkhoff Claus
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- Khalil Hany
- Kiel Jan A.K.W.
- Kiger Amy A.
- Kihara Akio
- Kim Deok Ryong
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- Kim Eun-Kyoung
- Kim Hyung-Ryong
- Kim Jae-Sung
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- Kim Jin Cheon
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- Koukourakis Michael I.
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- Kraft Claudine
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- Kroemer Guido
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- Kuan Chia-Yi
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- Kundu Mondira
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- Liao Yung-Feng
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- Marchbank Katie
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- Mardi Mohsen
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- Martinet Wim
- Martinez-Vicente Marta
- Masini Matilde
- Matarrese Paola
- Matsuo Saburo
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- Mitroulis Ioannis
- Miyazawa Keisuke
- Mizushima Noboru
- Mograbi Baharia
- Mohseni Simin
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- Mysorekar Indira
- Müller Sylke
- Münger Karl
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- Naqvi Naweed I
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- Ohashi Toya
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- Wu Dao-Cheng
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- Xia Pu
- Xiao Gengfu
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- Xu Da-zhi
- Xu Jianzhen
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- Yamamoto Ai
- Yamamoto Akitsugu
- Yamashina Shunhei
- Yamashita Michiaki
- Yan Xianghua
- Yanagida Mitsuhiro
- Yang Dun-Sheng
- Yang Elizabeth
- Yang Jin-Ming
- Yang Shi Yu
- Yang Wannian
- Yang Wei Yuan
- Yang Zhifen
- Yao Meng-Chao
- Yao Tso-Pang
- Yeganeh Behzad
- Yen Wei-Lien
- Yin Jia-jing
- Yin Xiao-Ming
- Yoo Ook-Joon
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- Yoon Seung-Yong
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- Yoshikawa Yuko
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- Yoshimoto Kohki
- You Ho Jin
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- Younes Anas
- Yu Li
- Yu Long
- Yu Seong-Woon
- Yu Wai Haung
- Yuan Zhi-Min
- Yue Zhenyu
- Yun Cheol-Heui
- Yuzaki Michisuke
- Zabirnyk Olga
- Zacks David
- Zacksenhaus Eldad
- Zaffaroni Nadia
- Zakeri Zahra
- Zeh III Herbert J.
- Zeitlin Scott O.
- Zhang Hong
- Zhang Hui-Ling
- Zhang Jianhua
- Zhang Jing-Pu
- Zhang Jue
- Zhang Lin
- Zhang Long
- Zhang Ming-Yong
- Zhang Xu Dong
- Zhao Mantong
- Zhao Yi-Fang
- Zhao Ying
- Zhao Zhizhuang J.
- Zheng Xiaoxiang
- Zhivotovsky Boris
- Zhong Qing
- Zhou Cong-Zhao
- Zhu Changlian
- Zhu Wei-Guo
- Zhu Xiao-Feng
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- Zhu Yuangang
- Zoladek Teresa
- Zong Wei-Xing
- Zorzano Antonio
- Zschocke Jürgen
- Zuckerbraun Brian
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/04/2012
- Field of study
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- Author
- Abdalla Fabio C.
- Abeliovich Hagai
- Abraham Robert T.
- Acevedo-Arozena Abraham
- Adeli Khosrow
- Agholme Lotta
- Agnello Maria
- Agostinis Patrizia
- Aguirre-Ghiso Julio A.
- Ahn Hyung Jun
- Ait-Mohamed Ouardia
- Ait-Si-Ali Slimane
- Akematsu Takahiko
- Akira Shizuo
- Al-Younes Hesham M.
- Al-Zeer Munir A.
- Albert Matthew L.
- Albin Roger L.
- Alegre-Abarrategui Javier
- Aleo Maria Francesca
- Alirezaei Mehrdad
- Almasan Alexandru
- Almonte-Becerril Maylin
- Amano Atsuo
- Amaravadi Ravi K.
- Amarnath Shoba
- Amer Amal O.
- Anantharam Vellareddy
- Andrieu-Abadie Nathalie
- Ann David K.
- Anoopkumar-Dukie Shailendra
- Aoki Hiroshi
- Apostolova Nadezda
- Arancia Giuseppe
- Aris John P.
- Asanuma Katsuhiko
- Asare Nana Y.O.
- Ashida Hisashi
- Askanas Valerie
- Askew David S
- Auberger Patrick
- Baba Misuzu
- Backues Steven K.
- Baehrecke Eric H.
- Bahr Ben A.
- Bai Xue-Yuan
- Bailly Yannick
- Baiocchi Robert
- Baldini Giulia
- Balduini Walter
- Ballabio Andrea
- Bamber Bruce A.
- Bampton Edward T.W.
- Bartholomew Clinton R.
- Bassham Diane C.
- Bast Robert C.
- Batoko Henri
- Bay Boon-Huat
- Beau Isabelle
- Begley Thomas J.
- Behl Christian
- Behrends Christian
- Bekri Soumeya
- Bellaire Bryan
- Bendall Linda J.
- Benetti Luca
- Berliocchi Laura
- Bernardi Henri
- Bernassola Francesca
- Besteiro Sébastien
- Bhatia-Kiššová Ingrid
- Bi Xiaoning
- Biard-Piechaczyk Martine
- Blum Janice S.
- Boise Lawrence H.
- Bonaldo Paolo
- Boone David L
- Bornhauser Beat C.
- Bortoluci Karina R.
- Bossis Ioannis
- Bost Frédéric
- Bourquin Jean-Pierre
- Boya Patricia
- Boyer-Guittaut Michaël
- Bozhkov Peter V.
- Brady Nathan R
- Brancolini Claudio
- Brech Andreas
- Brenman Jay E.
- Brennand Ana
- Bresnick Emery H.
- Brest Patrick
- Bridges Dave
- Bristol Molly L.
- Brookes Paul S.
- Brown Eric J.
- Brumell John H.
- Brunetti-Pierri Nicola
- Brunk Ulf T.
- Bulman Dennis E.
- Bultman Scott J.
- Bultynck Geert
- Burbulla Lena F.
- Bursch Wilfried
- Butchar Jonathan P.
- Buzgariu Wanda
- Bydlowski Sergio P.
- Béchet Daniel M.
- Cadwell Ken
- Cahová Monika
- Cai Dongsheng
- Cai Jiyang
- Cai Qian
- Calabretta Bruno
- Calvo-Garrido Javier
- Camougrand Nadine
- Campanella Michelangelo
- Campos-Salinas Jenny
- Candi Eleonora
- Cao Lizhi
- Caplan Allan B.
- Carding Simon R.
- Cardoso Sandra M.
- Carew Jennifer S.
- Carlin Cathleen R.
- Carmignac Virginie
- Carneiro Leticia A.M.
- Carra Serena
- Caruso Rosario A.
- Casari Giorgio
- Casas Caty
- Castino Roberta
- Cebollero Eduardo
- Cecconi Francesco
- Celli Jean
- Chaachouay Hassan
- Chae Han-Jung
- Chai Chee-Yin
- Chan David C.
- Chan Edmond Y.
- Chang Raymond Chuen-Chung
- Che Chi-Ming
- Chen Ching-Chow
- Chen Guang-Chao
- Chen Guo-Qiang
- Chen Min
- Chen Quan
- Chen Steve S.-L.
- Chen WenLi
- Chen Xi
- Chen Xiangmei
- Chen Xiequn
- Chen Ye-Guang
- Chen Yingyu
- Chen Yongqiang
- Chen Yu-Jen
- Chen Zhixiang
- Cheng Alan
- Cheng Christopher H.K.
- Cheng Yan
- Cheong Heesun
- Cheong Jae-Ho
- Cherry Sara
- Chess-Williams Russ
- Cheung Zelda H.
- Chevet Eric
- Chiang Hui-Ling
- Chiarelli Roberto
- Chiba Tomoki
- Chin Lih-Shen
- Chiou Shih-Hwa
- Chisari Francis V.
- Cho Chi Hin
- Cho Dong-Hyung
- Choi Augustine MK
- Choi DooSeok
- Choi Kyeong Sook
- Choi Mary E.
- Chouaib Salem
- Choubey Divaker
- Choubey Vinay
- Chu Charleen T
- Chuang Tsung-Hsien
- Chueh Sheau-Huei
- Chun Taehoon
- Chwae Yong-Joon
- Chye Mee-Len
- Ciarcia Roberto
- Ciriolo Maria R.
- Clague Michael J.
- Clark Robert S.B.
- Clarke Peter G.H.
- Clarke Robert B
- Codogno Patrice
- Coller Hilary A.
- Colombo María I.
- Comincini Sergio
- Condello Maria
- Condorelli Fabrizio
- Cookson Mark R.
- Coombs Graham H
- Coppens Isabelle
- Corbalan Ramon
- Cossart Pascale
- Costelli Paola
- Costes Safia
- Coto-Montes Ana
- Couve Eduardo
- Coxon Fraser P.
- Cregg James M.
- Crespo José L.
- Cronjé Marianne J.
- Cuervo Ana Maria
- Cullen Joseph J.
- Czaja Mark J.
- D'Amelio Marcello
- Darfeuille-Michaud Arlette
- Davids Lester M.
- Davies Faith E.
- De Felici Massimo
- de Groot John F.
- de Haan Cornelis A.M.
- De Martino Luisa
- De Milito Angelo
- De Tata Vincenzo
- Debnath Jayanta
- Degterev Alexei
- Dehay Benjamin
- Delbridge Lea M.D.
- Demarchi Francesca
- Deng Yi Zhen
- Dengjel Jörn
- Dent Paul
- Denton Donna
- Deretic Vojo
- Desai Shyamal D.
- Devenish Rodney J.
- Di Gioacchino Mario
- Di Paolo Gilbert
- Di Pietro Chiara
- Diaz-Meco Maria T.
- Diaz-Nido Javier
- Dikic Ivan
- Dinesh-Kumar Savithramma P.
- Ding Wen-Xing
- Distelhorst Clark W.
- Diwan Abhinav
- Djavaheri-Mergny Mojgan
- Dokudovskaya Svetlana
- Dong Zheng
- Dorsey Frank C.
- Dosenko Victor
- Dowling James J.
- Doxsey Stephen
- Dreux Marlène
- Drew Mark E.
- Duan Qiuhong
- Duchosal Michel A
- Duff Karen E.
- Dugail Isabelle
- Durbeej Madeleine
- Duszenko Michael
- Díaz-Araya Guillermo
- Díaz-Laviada Inés
- Edelstein Charles L.
- Edinger Aimee L.
- Egea Gustavo
- Eichinger Ludwig
- Eissa N. Tony
- Ekmekcioglu Suhendan
- El-Deiry Wafik S.
- Elazar Zvulun
- Elgendy Mohamed
- Ellerby Lisa M.
- Eng Kai Er
- Engelbrecht Anna-Mart
- Engelender Simone
- Erenpreisa Jekaterina
- Escalante Ricardo
- Esclatine Audrey
- Eskelinen Eeva-Liisa
- Espert Lucile
- Espina Virginia
- Fan Huizhou
- Fan Jia
- Fan Qi-Wen
- Fan Zhen
- Fang Shengyun
- Fang Yongqi
- Fanto Manolis
- Fanzani Alessandro
- Farkas Thomas
- Farre Jean-Claude
- Faure Mathias
- Fechheimer Marcus
- Feng Carl G.
- Feng Jian
- Feng Qili
- Feng Youji
- Feuer Ralph
- Figueiredo-Pereira Maria E.
- Fimia Gian Maria
- Fingar Diane C.
- Finkbeiner Steven
- Finkel Toren
- Finley Kim D.
- Fiorito Filomena
- Fisher Edward A.
- Fisher Paul B.
- Flajolet Marc
- Flores Juan B. Kouri
- Florez-McClure Maria L.
- Florio Salvatore
- Fon Edward A
- Fornai Francesco
- Fortunato Franco
- Fotedar Rati
- Fowler Daniel H.
- Fox Howard S.
- Franco Rodrigo
- Frankel Lisa B.
- Fransen Marc
- Fuentes José M.
- Fueyo Juan
- Fujii Jun
- Fujisaki Kozo
- Fujita Eriko
- Fukuda Mitsunori
- Furukawa Ruth H.
- Fésüs László
- Gaestel Matthias
- Gailly Philippe
- Gajewska Malgorzata
- Galliot Brigitte
- Galy Vincent
- Ganesh Subramaniam
- Ganetzky Barry
- Ganley Ian G.
- Gao Fen-Biao
- Gao George F.
- Gao Jinming
- Garcia Lorena
- Garcia-Manero Guillermo
- Garcia-Marcos Mikel
- Garmyn Marjan
- Gartel Andrei L.
- Gatti Evelina
- Gautel Mathias
- Gawriluk Thomas R.
- Gegg Matthew E.
- Geng Jiefei
- Germain Marc
- Gestwicki Jason E.
- Gewirtz David A
- Ghavami Saeid
- Ghosh Pradipta
- Giammarioli Anna M.
- Giatromanolaki Alexandra N.
- Gibson Spencer B.
- Gilkerson Robert W.
- Ginger Michael L.
- Ginsberg Henry N.
- Golab Jakub
- Goligorsky Michael S.
- Golstein Pierre
- Gomez-Manzano Candelaria
- Goncu Ebru
- Gongora Céline
- Gonzalez Claudio D.
- Gonzalez Ramon
- Gonzalez-Rey Elena
- González-Estévez Cristina
- González-Polo Rosa Ana
- Gorbunov Nikolai V.
- Gorski Sharon
- Goruppi Sandro
- Gottlieb Roberta A
- Gozuacik Devrim
- Granato Giovanna Elvira
- Grant Gary D.
- Green Kim N.
- Gregorc Ales
- Gros Frédéric
- Grose Charles
- Grunt Thomas W.
- Gual Philippe
- Guan Jun-Lin
- Guan Kun-Liang
- Guichard Sylvie M.
- Gukovskaya Anna S.
- Gukovsky Ilya
- Gunst Jan
- Gustafsson Åsa B.
- Halayko Andrew J.
- Hale Amber N.
- Halonen Sandra K.
- Hamasaki Maho
- Han Feng
- Han Ting
- Hancock Michael K.
- Hansen Malene
- Harada Hisashi
- Harada Masaru
- Hardt Stefan E.
- Harper J. Wade
- Harris Adrian L.
- Harris James
- Harris Steven D.
- Hashimoto Makoto
- Haspel Jeffrey A.
- Hayashi Shin-ichiro
- Hazelhurst Lori A.
- He Congcong
- He You-Wen
- Heidenreich Kim A.
- Helfrich Miep H.
- Helgason Gudmundur V.
- Henske Elizabeth P.
- Herman Brian
- Herman Paul K.
- Hetz Claudio
- Hilfiker Sabine
- Hill Joseph A
- Hocking Lynne J.
- Hofman Paul
- Hofmann Thomas G.
- Holyoake Tessa L.
- Hong Ming-Huang
- Hood David A.
- Hotamisligil Gökhan S.
- Houwerzijl Ewout J.
- Hu Bingren
- Hu Chien-an A.
- Hu Hong-Ming
- Hua Ya
- Huang Canhua
- Huang Ju
- Huang Shengbing
- Huang Wei-Pang
- Huber Tobias B.
- Huh Won-Ki
- Hung Tai-Ho
- Hupp Ted R.
- Hur Gang Min
- Hurley James B.
- Hussain Sabah N.A.
- Hussey Patrick J.
- Hwang Jung Jin
- Hwang Seungmin
- Hébert Marie-Josée
- Höhfeld Jörg
- Høyer-Hansen Maria
- Ichihara Atsuhiro
- Ilkhanizadeh Shirin
- Inoki Ken
- Into Takeshi
- Iovane Valentina
- Iovanna Juan L.
- Ip Nancy Y.
- Isaka Yoshitaka
- Ishida Hiroyuki
- Isidoro Ciro
- Isobe Ken-ichi
- Iwasaki Akiko
- Izquierdo Marta
- Izumi Yotaro
- Jaakkola Panu M.
- Jackson George R.
- Jackson William T.
- Janji Bassam
- Jendrach Marina
- Jeon Ju-Hong
- Jeung Eui-Bae
- Jiang Hong
- Jiang Hongchi
- Jiang Jean X.
- Jiang Ming
- Jiang Qing
- Jiang Xuejun
- Jiménez Alberto
- Jin Meiyan
- Jin Shengkan V.
- Joe Cheol O.
- Johansen Terje
- Johnson Daniel E.
- Johnson Gail V.W.
- Jones Nicola L.
- Joseph Bertrand
- Joseph Suresh K.
- Joubert Annie M.
- Juhász Gábor
- Juillerat-Jeanneret Lucienne
- Jung Chang Hwa
- Jung Yong-Keun
- Jäättelä Marja
- Kaarniranta Kai
- Kaasik Allen
- Kabuta Tomohiro
- Kadowaki Motoni
- Kamada Yoshiaki
- Kaminskyy Vitaliy O.
- Kampinga Harm H.
- Kanamori Hiromitsu
- Kang Chanhee
- Kang Khong Bee
- Kang Kwang Il
- Kang Rui
- Kang Yoon-A
- Kanki Tomotake
- Kanneganti Thirumala-Devi
- Kanno Haruo
- Kanthasamy Anumantha G.
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- Zhou Cong-Zhao
- Zhu Changlian
- Zhu Wei-Guo
- Zhu Xiao-Feng
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- Zhu Yuangang
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- Zorzano Antonio
- Zschocke Jürgen
- Zuckerbraun Brian
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/04/2012
- Field of study
In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field