Forming a model for assessing economic security in conditions of digital transformations

Introduction. New economic conditions today are refl ected in the development of the digital economy and determine the need to develop new methods of assessment, management, ways to attract specialists. In this article, an attempt was made to formulate a model for assessing economic security in the context of digital transformation, showing how the introduction of digital technologies contributes to the growth of real industry indicators and indicators and economic security. Theoretical analysis is based on the assumption that the effectiveness of digital transformations is expressed through the rate of change in the economic security indicators of a particular industry. For example, the agro-industrial complex was chosen as the key one in the fi eld of maintaining the food and economic security of Russia. The model for assessing the economic security of innovation activity includes four stages: the formation of a set of indicators that characterize the level of digital development of the industry; construction of a reference series and ranking of indicators; comparison of the actual ranking series with the reference ranking series, calculation of the development coeffi cient; interpretation of the digital transformations’ economic security assessment results. Empirical analysis. The results obtained indicate that there are pathological problems in the industry that cannot be resolved through digitalization, this is proved by the development coeffi cient trend: there is an outstripping growth of investment in digital development against the backdrop of weakly growing intra-industry indicators; there is a decrease in the real disposable income of the population against the backdrop of rising infl ation, which aff ects the purchasing power of the population; in the agro-industrial complex there is a high level of depreciation of fi xed assets. Conclusions. The use of the economic security assessment model quite informatively refl ects the current realities of economic development. The results of the assessment showed the presence of crisis phenomena in the industry and its grave condition. A way of solving the existing problems can be the increase of economic security both at the level of the state and industry, and at the level of a single organization

Grain Growth-Controlled Giant Permittivity in Soft Chemistry CaCu3Ti4O12 Ceramics

We report a dielectric constant of up to 5.4105 at room temperature and 1 kHz for CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) ceramics, derived from multiphase powders (coprecipitation products), made by a ‘‘chimie douce’’ (coprecipitation) method, and then sintered in air. The sintered products are pure-phase CCTO ceramics. The high dielectric constant is achieved by tuning the size of grains and the thickness of grain boundaries. The grain growth is controlled by varying the concentration of excess CuO in the initial powder (calcined coprecipitation products) between 1 and 3.1 wt%. The dielectric constant of pure CCTO ceramics increases with the initial CuO concentration, reaching its maximum at 2.4 wt% of CuO. A further increase of excess CuO in powders results in a permittivity decrease, accompanied by the formation of CuO as a separate phase in the sintered products. The unusual grain growth behavior is attributed to a eutectic reaction between CuO and TiO2 present in the initial powder

Structure, heat capacity, and high-temperature thermal properties of Yb_(14)Mn_(1-x)Al_xSb_11

A series of compounds, Yb_(14)Mn_(1−x)Al_xSb_11 with (0 < x < 1), was prepared via Sn flux and the structures investigated. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that the volume of the unit cell increases with increasing Al content. Bond-distance changes are less than 2% and the increase in volume of the unit cell is associated with the decreasing distortion of the tetrahedron with increasing Al content. The specific heat, C_p, was measured from 300 to 1100 K. The measured C_p for these compounds is 19% higher than the Dulong-Petit value at the peak zT temperature (1223 K). These measured values permit a recalculation of thermal conductivity, revealing an extremely low lattice thermal conductivity of approximately 0.3−0.4 W/(m K) at 1223 K. The maximum zT of Yb_(14)Mn(1−x)Al_xSb_11 is approximately 0.8 and 1.1 for the x = 0 and x = 0.6 compositions, respectively

The Holocene Black Sea reconnection to the Mediterranean Sea: New insights from the northeastern Caucasian shelf

Recent findings about the evolution of palaeogeographic conditions of the Black Sea during the Holocene have significantly improved our understanding of the profound environmental changes that took place around 9 ka ago, when the Neoeuxinian Lake reconnected to the global ocean. In contrast to the western and southeastern regions where numerous studies have been recently performed, the northeast region remains relatively under investigated. We carried out the first multi-proxy continuous study of a sediment core (Ak-2575) from the northeastern Black Sea shelf that includes benthic calcareous fossils (ostracods, molluscs and foraminifers), dinoflagellate cysts (dinocysts) and sedimentology, thus providing reconstructions of surface and bottom-water conditions. The age model of the core is based on 10 AMS-14C dates. Calibrated ages are used throughout the manuscript. The first appearance of Mediterranean elements is documented at 9.6 cal. ka BP. Our data provide evidence of sustained cohabitation of benthic species of Caspian and Mediterranean origins, represented by different ontogenetic stages, from at least ~ 7.8 (or even 8.8) to 6.7 cal. ka BP with the gradual disappearance of brackish species suggesting a gradual increase in salinity and most likely a change in the salt composition. Dinocyst assemblages show species succession that is coherent across the Black Sea basin, with brackish taxa dominating until ~ 8.5 cal. ka BP and being slowly replaced by euryhaline species. The occurrences of authigenic gypsum crystals, especially abundant at ~ 7.4 and 6.5 cal. ka BP, suggest the temporal appearance of hydrogen sulphide at the shelf edge which during certain periods appears to reduce the abundance of benthic fauna

Efficiency of Finding Muon Track Trigger Primitives in CMS Cathode Strip Chambers

In the CMS Experiment, muon detection in the forward direction is accomplished by cathode strip chambers~(CSC). These detectors identify muons, provide a fast muon trigger, and give a precise measurement of the muon trajectory. There are 468 six-plane CSCs in the system. The efficiency of finding muon trigger primitives (muon track segments) was studied using~36 CMS CSCs and cosmic ray muons during the Magnet Test and Cosmic Challenge~(MTCC) exercise conducted by the~CMS experiment in~2006. In contrast to earlier studies that used muon beams to illuminate a very small chamber area ($< \! 0.01$~m$^2$), results presented in this paper were obtained by many installed CSCs operating {\em in situ} over an area of $\approx \! 23$~m$^2$ as a part of the~CMS experiment. The efficiency of finding 2-dimensional trigger primitives within 6-layer chambers was found to be~$99.93 \pm 0.03\%$. These segments, found by the CSC electronics within $800$~ns after the passing of a muon through the chambers, are the input information for the Level-1 muon trigger and, also, are a necessary condition for chambers to be read out by the Data Acquisition System

Measurement of quark- and gluon-like jet fractions using jet charge in PbPb and pp collisions at 5.02 TeV

The momentum-weighted sum of the electric charges of particles inside a jet, known as jet charge, is sensitive to the electric charge of the particle initiating the parton shower. This paper presents jet charge distributions in root sNN = 5.02 TeV lead-lead (PbPb) and proton-proton (pp) collisions recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC. These data correspond to integrated luminosities of 404 mu b(-1)and 27.4 pb(-1)for PbPb and pp collisions, respectively. Leveraging the sensitivity of the jet charge to fundamental differences in the electric charges of quarks and gluons, the jet charge distributions from simulated events are used as templates to extract the quark- and gluon-like jet fractions from data. The modification of these jet fractions is examined by comparing pp and PbPb data as a function of the overlap of the colliding Pb nuclei (centrality). This measurement tests the color charge dependence of jet energy loss due to interactions with the quark-gluon plasma. No significant modification between different centrality classes and with respect to pp results is observed in the extracted quark- and gluon-like jet fractions.Peer reviewe

Measurement of the t(t)over-bar production cross section in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV in dilepton final states containing a tau

The top quark pair production cross section is measured in dilepton events with one electron or muon, and one hadronically decaying tau lepton from the decay t (t) over bar -> (l nu(l))((sic)(h)nu((sic)))b (b) over bar, (l = e, mu). The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 2.0 fb(-1) for the electron channel and 2.2 fb(-1) for the muon channel, collected by the CMS detector at the LHC. This is the first measurement of the t (t) over bar cross section explicitly including tau leptons in proton- proton collisions at root s = 7 TeV. The measured value sigma(t (t) over bar) = 143 +/- 14(stat) +/- 22(syst) +/- 3(lumi) pb is consistent with the standard model predictions

Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good

Juxtaposing BTE and ATE – on the role of the European insurance industry in funding civil litigation

One of the ways in which legal services are financed, and indeed shaped, is through private insurance arrangement. Two contrasting types of legal expenses insurance contracts (LEI) seem to dominate in Europe: before the event (BTE) and after the event (ATE) legal expenses insurance. Notwithstanding institutional differences between different legal systems, BTE and ATE insurance arrangements may be instrumental if government policy is geared towards strengthening a market-oriented system of financing access to justice for individuals and business. At the same time, emphasizing the role of a private industry as a keeper of the gates to justice raises issues of accountability and transparency, not readily reconcilable with demands of competition. Moreover, multiple actors (clients, lawyers, courts, insurers) are involved, causing behavioural dynamics which are not easily predicted or influenced. Against this background, this paper looks into BTE and ATE arrangements by analysing the particularities of BTE and ATE arrangements currently available in some European jurisdictions and by painting a picture of their respective markets and legal contexts. This allows for some reflection on the performance of BTE and ATE providers as both financiers and keepers. Two issues emerge from the analysis that are worthy of some further reflection. Firstly, there is the problematic long-term sustainability of some ATE products. Secondly, the challenges faced by policymakers that would like to nudge consumers into voluntarily taking out BTE LEI

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio