Viral hepatitis and pregnancy

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/108668/1/cld367.pd

Effect of lifetime alcohol consumption on the histological severity of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease

Background & Aims Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ) is defined based on recent alcohol consumption; however, remote or lifetime alcohol consumption is not taken into account. It is not known whether lifetime alcohol consumption contributes to the severity of disease in patients with NAFLD . To determine the effect of lifetime alcohol consumption on the histological severity in patients with NAFLD . Patients & Methods Adults >18 years of age with presumed NAFLD and alcohol consumption <40 g/week were enrolled. Lifetime alcohol consumption was determined using a questionnaire. Patients with a history of long‐term alcohol abuse or dependence were excluded. A liver biopsy was reviewed by a single pathologist in a blinded fashion. Demographic, clinical and histological findings were compared in those who had regular alcohol consumption and those who did not. Results A total of 77 patients had fatty liver on biopsy. Fifty‐two patients had a history of regular alcohol consumption. The median lifetime cumulative alcohol intake was 24 gram‐years. On multivariable analysis, increasing age ( OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01–1.14) was associated with severe liver disease, whereas alcohol consumption of ≥24 gram‐years was associated with less severe disease ( OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.07–0.97, P  = 0.04). Patients who continued to consume alcohol or had been abstinent for ≤1 year had less severe disease. Conclusion Some degree of regular alcohol consumption over the course of a lifetime compared to minimal intake appears to have a protective effect on the histological severity of liver disease among patients with strictly defined NAFLD .Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/102218/1/liv12230.pd

Knowledge of Chronic Kidney Disease Among Liver Transplant Recipients

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146385/1/lt25302-sup-0001-Supinfo.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146385/2/lt25302_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146385/3/lt25302.pd

African Linguistics in Central and Eastern Europe, and in the Nordic Countries

Non peer reviewe

African Linguistics in Asia and Australia

Asian and Australian institutions with a research focus on African languages are of fairly recent vintage. Japan has a strong academic infrastructure devoted to African linguistics, based in several universities and research centres. China looks back more than 50 years of interest in teaching Swahili and other major African languages, recently broadening the scope to encompass other issues of linguistic interest. In South Korea, teaching Swahili was also the precursor of more general African linguistics, allowing for regional specializations of researchers. In Australia, academic interest emerges with the increasing presence of experts on African languages and linguistics in the country