How Judge Alito Applied the First Amendment on Campus: His Important Decision On a Public School\u27s Anti-Harassment Policy

President Bush\u27s current Supreme Court nominee, Judge Samuel Alito, has so far faced intense scrutiny regarding what his views on Roe v. Wade may be. But what are his views in other types of constitutional law cases? A decision Judge Alito authored in 2001, for the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit, is telling both as to his temperament, and his take on the First Amendment

Forward-central two-particle correlations in p-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

Two-particle angular correlations between trigger particles in the forward pseudorapidity range (2.5 2GeV/c. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B. V.Peer reviewe

Event-shape engineering for inclusive spectra and elliptic flow in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV

Peer reviewe

Elliptic flow of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays at forward rapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76TeV

The elliptic flow, v(2), of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays at forward rapidity (2.5 <y <4) is measured in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)= 2.76TeVwith the ALICE detector at the LHC. The scalar product, two- and four-particle Q cumulants and Lee-Yang zeros methods are used. The dependence of the v(2) of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays on the collision centrality, in the range 0-40%, and on transverse momentum, p(T), is studied in the interval 3 <p(T)<10 GeV/c. A positive v(2) is observed with the scalar product and two-particle Q cumulants in semi-central collisions (10-20% and 20-40% centrality classes) for the p(T) interval from 3 to about 5GeV/c with a significance larger than 3 sigma, based on the combination of statistical and systematic uncertainties. The v(2) magnitude tends to decrease towards more central collisions and with increasing pT. It becomes compatible with zero in the interval 6 <p(T)<10 GeV/c. The results are compared to models describing the interaction of heavy quarks and open heavy-flavour hadrons with the high-density medium formed in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

A Contractarian View of Animal Rights: Insuring Against the Possibility of Being a Non-Human Animal

Contemporary research results regarding non-human animals’ intelligence, emotional life, and capacity for reciprocity strongly suggest the need for a sweeping re-evaluation of their legal status as mere property. In this essay, the author will contend that the contractarian theory of philosopher John Rawls provides an ideal basis for this re-evaluation. Rawls’ theory holds that the just rules for a given real-world society are those that would rationally be chosen behind an imaginary “veil of ignorance,” where the deciding parties are placed in an “original position” in which they have no idea of their personal qualities or the positions they will ultimately occupy in a real-world society. In the “original position,” Rawls contends, parties will metaphorically “insure against” contingencies such as being poor or disabled, by arranging society to offer a social safety-net for persons in those situations. However, what about the contingency of being a non-human animal? The author will argue that though Rawls intentionally left this contingency out, it should be included — and comments on the profound changes to current law that would result if rules devised behind Rawls’ veil of ignorance took into account the contingency that, in real-life society, parties would be not humans, but non-human animals

Gender-affirming treatment and mental health diagnoses in Danish transgender persons : a nationwide register-based cohort study

Importance: Gender affirming treatment aims to improve mental health. Objective: To investigate longitudinal mental health outcomes in Danish transgender persons. Design: National register-based cohort study in Danish transgender persons with diagnosis code of "gender identity disorder" during the period 2000-2021. Participants: Five age-matched controls of the same sex at birth and five age-matched controls of the other sex at birth were included for each transgender person. Main outcomes: Diagnosis codes of mental and behavioral disorders and/or prescription of psychopharmacological agents until June 2022. Results: The cohort included 3812 transgender persons with median age (interquartile range) 19 (15; 24) years for persons assigned female at birth (AFAB, N = 1993) and 23 (19; 33) years for persons assigned male at birth (AMAB, N = 1819) and 38 120 controls. Follow up duration was up to 10 years with mean (standard deviation) 4.5 (4.3) years. In transgender persons AFAB compared to control women, the odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval) for mental and behavioral disorders was 6.7 (5.5; 8.1) before the index date, 9.9 (8.4; 11.7) at 1 year, 5.8 (4.4; 7.7) at 5 years, and 3.4 (2.1; 7.5) at 8 years follow up. In transgender persons AMAB compared to control men, corresponding ORs were 5.0 (4.0; 6.4), 11.3 (9.3; 13.7), 4.8 (3.5; 6.5), and 6.6 (4.2; 10.3) at 8 years follow up (all P < .001). Conclusion: The OR for mental health disorders was higher in transgender persons compared to controls and remained elevated throughout follow up, especially in transgender persons AMAB

Receipt of Cervical Cancer Screening in Female Veterans: Impact of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression

PURPOSE: We evaluated receipt of cervical cancer screening in a national sample of 34,213 women veterans using Veteran Health Administration (VHA) facilities between 2003 and 2007 and diagnosed with either: 1) posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); 2) depression; or 3) no psychiatric illness. METHODS: Our study featured a cross sectional design in which logistic regression analyses compared receipt of recommended cervical cancer screening for all three diagnostic groups. RESULTS: Cervical cancer screening rates varied minimally by diagnostic group: 77% of women with PTSD vs. 75% with depression vs. 75% without psychiatric illness were screened during the study observation period, P < .001. However, primary care use was associated with differential odds of screening in women with vs. without psychiatric illness (PTSD or depression), and findings held after even after adjustment for age, income and physical comorbidities (Wald Chi Square (2): 126.59, P < .0001). Specifically, among low users of primary care services, women PTSD or depression were more likely than those without psychiatric diagnoses to receive screening, but among high users of primary care services, they were less likely to receive screening. CONCLUSIONS: Psychiatric illness (PTSD or depression) had little to no effect on receipt of cervical cancer screening. Our finding that high use of primary care services was not associated with comparable odds of screening in women with vs. without psychiatric illness suggests that providers caring for women with PTSD or depression and high use of primary care services should be especially attentive to their preventive health care needs