Proxy Module for System on Mobile Devices (SyD) Middleware

Nowadays, users of mobile devices are growing. The users expect that they could communicate constantly using their mobile devices while they are also constantly moving. Therefore, there is a need to provide disconnection tolerance of transactions in the mobile devices’ platforms and its synchronization management. System on Mobile Devices (SyD) is taken as one of the examples of mobile devices’ platforms. The thesis studies the existing SyD architecture, from its framework into its kernel, and introduces the proxy module enhancement in SyD to handle disconnection tolerance, including its synchronization. SyD kernel has been extended for the purpose of enabling proxy module. SyDSync has been constructed for synchronization with the proxy. The timeout has been studied for seamless proxy invocation. A Camera application that tries to catch a stolen vehicle has been simulated for the practical purpose of using the proxy module extension

Factors Affecting Business Income of Empal Gentong in Cirebon City

The goal of this research is to analyze the effect of capital, labor, length of business, education, and working hours on the empal gentong business income in Cirebon and to analyze which variable has the most effect on that income. We surveyed 30 business owners of empal gentong in Cirebon. The method using in this research is multiple linear regression. This result concludes capital, labor, length of business, education, and working hours have a positive and significant effect jointly on empal gentong business income. The analysis result in partially is capital and length of business have significant effect. Meanwhile, variables of labor, education and working hours have no significant effect on empal gentong business income. From these five variables, the most influential variable on empal gentong business income is the capital variable.Keywords: Income, Capital, Labor, Length of Business, Education, Working Hour

PENYUSUNAN INSTRUMEN PENGENDALIAN PEMANFAATAN RUANG KAWASAN SEKITAR TPA REGIONAL ILO-ILO

ABSTRAK Pemanfaatan ruang dalam pelaksanaannya tidak selalu sejalan dengan rencana tata ruang yang telah ditetapkan. Hal ini disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, di antaranya tekanan perkembangan pasar terhadap ruang, belum jelasnya mekanisme pengendalian, dan lemahnya penegakan hukum. Selain itu, dapat disebabkan juga karena produk rencana tata ruang yang kurang memperhatikan aspek pelaksanaan atau pemanfaatan ruang yang kurang memperhatikan rencana tata ruang. Maka, pengendalian pemanfaatan ruang sangat diperlukan untuk mewujudkan terciptanya pembangunan yang tertib tata ruang. Salah satu pelaksanaan pengendalian pemanfaatan ruang yang dilakukan berada di kawasan sekitar Tempat Pemprosesan Akhir (TPA) Sampah Regional Ilo-Ilo. Isu dan permasalahan di kawasan tersebut adalah terjadinya dominasi kegiatan pemanfaatan ruang yang tinggi seperti peruntukan permukiman dan perkantoran yang berpotensi melampaui daya dukung dan daya tampung peruntukan yang direncanakan. Kawasan sekitar TPA Sampah Regional Ilo-Ilo berdasarkan Peraturan Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Utara Nomor 1 Tahun 2014 tentang Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Provinsi Sulawesi Utara Tahun 204-2034 memiliki peruntukkan ruang sebagai tanaman pangan, perkebunan dan tanaman tahunan. Agar pemanfaatan tata ruang dapat berjalan sesuai dengan rencana tata ruang maka diperlukan Instrumen Pengendalian Pemanfaatan Ruang. Instrumen Pengendalian Pemanfaatan Ruang di kawasan sekitar TPA Sampah Regional Ilo-Ilo menghasilkan 5 (lima) zona kendali kawasan. Setiap zona kendali kawasan memiliki peruntukkan kawasan, ketentuan intensitas pemanfaatan ruang, ketentuan tata bangunan, ketentuan sarana prasarana, dan pemberian insentif dan pemberian disinsentif.   Kata Kunci: Pengendalian Pemanfaatan Ruang, Zona Kendali Kawasan, TPA Sampah Regional.   ABSTRACT Spatial utilization in its implementation is not always in line with the established spatial plan. This is caused by several factors, including market development pressure on space, unclear control mechanisms, and weak law enforcement. In addition, it can also be caused by spatial planning products that pay less attention to aspects of implementation or spatial use that pay less attention to spatial planning. So controlling the use of space is very necessary to realize the creation of an orderly spatial development. One of the implementations of space utilization control done in the area around the Ilo-Ilo Regional Waste Final Processing Site (TPA). Issues and problems in the area are the domination of high spatial use activities such as the designation of settlements and offices which have the potential to exceed the carrying capacity and capacity of the planned designation. The area around the Ilo-Ilo Regional Waste TPA based on Regional Regulation of North Sulawesi Province Number 1 of 2014 about Spatial Planning for North Sulawesi Province Year 204-2034 has space allotment as food crops, plantations and annual crops. In order for the spatial utilization to run according to the spatial plan, a Space Utilization Control Instrument is needed. The Spatial Utilization Control Instrument in the area around the Ilo-Ilo Regional Waste TPA produces 5 (five) area control zones. Each area control zone has respective area designation, spatial use intensity provisions, building layout provisions, and infrastructure facility provisions as well as provision of incentives and disincentives.   Keywords: Space Utilization Control, Area Control Zones, The Ilo-Ilo Regional Waste TP

Penelitian Mengenai Sni 1726:2012 Pasal 7.2.5.1 Tentang Distribusi Gaya Lateral Terhadap Kekakuan Dan Kekuatan Pada Struktur Baja Sistem Rangka Bresing Eksentris

Perencanaan struktur terhadap gempa di Indonesia mengacu pada SNI 1726:2012. Pada pasal 7.2.5.1 mengenai sistem ganda, mengharuskan rangka pemikul momen khusus mampu menahan paling sedikit 25 persen gaya gempa desain dengan distribusi yang proporsional terhadap kekakuannya. Namun FEMA 451 memiliki perbedaan isi yang mengatakan distribusi proporsional didesain terhadap kekuatan. Karena perbedaan tersebut, maka diadakan penelitian apakah peraturan yang mensyaratkan proporsi kekakuan dapat diterjemahkan seperti halnya FEMA 451 (2006) dalam pengaplikasiannya menggunakan kekuatan. Dari penelitian sebelumnya oleh Wijaya dan Nico (2016) didapat bahwa bangunan disarankan didesain berdasarkan proporsi kekuatan, dikarenakan performa bangunan hampir sama dengan proporsi kekakuan, tetapi dengan persentase berat yang lebih ringan. Maka dari itu diteliti lebih lanjut apakah bangunan struktur baja dengan Sistem Rangka Bresing Eksentris (SRBE) yang lebih tinggi dan diperhitungkan secara 2 arah, akan menghasilkan kesimpulan yang sama dengan penelitian sebelumnya. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa bangunan memiliki perilaku yang hampir sama dengan penelitian sebelumnya dimana performa bangunan S2 lebih buruk daripada S1; begitu pula berat bangunan S2 lebih ringan daripada S1. Namun karena perbedaan performa yang dihasilkan S1 dan S2 tidak jauh berbeda, maka kedua skenario masih dapat diperhitungkan sebagai pilihan dalam mendesain untuk menentukan hasil desain mana yang lebih hemat

Noncrossing partitions, toggles, and homomesies

We introduce n(n-1)/2 natural involutions ("toggles") on the set S of non-crossing partitions π of size n, along with certain composite operations obtained by composing these involutions. We show that for many operations T of this kind, a surprisingly large family of functions f on S (including the function that sends π to the number of blocks of π) exhibits the homomesy phenomenon: the average of f over the elements of a T-orbit is the same for all T-orbits. We can apply our method of proof more broadly to toggle operations back on the collection of independent sets of certain graphs. We utilize this generalization to prove a theorem about toggling on a family of graphs called "2-cliquish." More generally, the philosophy of this "toggle-action," proposed by Striker, is a popular topic of current and future research in dynamic algebraic combinatorics

Hubungan Dosis Kumulatif Doksorubisin Terhadap Fungsi Sistolik Ventrikel Kiri pada Penyintas Leukemia Limfoblastik Akut

Latar belakang. Seiring meningkatnya angka harapan hidup anak dengan leukemia limfoblastik akut (LLA), kardiotoksisitas akibat kemoterapi seperti antrasiklin menjadi semakin penting. Evaluasi berkala fungsi sistolik ventrikel kiri melalui fraksi ejeksi (FE) dan fraksi pemendekan (FP) direkomendasikan untuk pemantauan efek samping kardiotoksisitas antrasiklin. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara dosis kumulatif doksorubisin dengan fungsi sistolik ventrikel kiri pada penyintas LLA anak. Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kohort retrospektif dengan menilai perubahan FE dan FP menggunakan ekokardiografi pada penyintas LLA pada bulan Juli-September 2016 di bagian Ilmu Kesehatan Anak, RSU Prof. dr. R. D. Kandou, Manado. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara total sampling. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan menggunakan korelasi Pearson. Hasil. Terdapat total 18 penyintas LLA yang diteliti, termasuk 12 risiko standar dan 6 risiko tinggi. Fungsi sistolik ventrikel kiri semua penyintas masih dalam batas normal (FE 74,20 ± 11,37 %, FP 42,61 ± 9,98 %). Ditemukan adanya hubungan negatif sedang yang bermakna antara dosis kumulatif doksorubisin dan fungsi sistolik ventrikel kiri [FE (r=-0,532, p=0,012) dan FP (r=-0,518, p=0,014)]. Kesimpulan. Terdapat hubungan negatif antara dosis kumulatif doksorubisin dan fungsi sistolik ventrikel kiri pada penyintas LLA anak. Panduan lokal diperlukan untuk evaluasi ekokardiografi secara berkala pada penyintas LLA anak di Indonesia

Perbandingan porselen kedokteran gigi swa-sintesis berbahan baku pasir felspar Pangaribuan dan Sukabumi

Comparison self-synthesized dental porcelain between feldspar from Pangaribuan and Sukabumi. Dental porcelain material as one of the esthetic indirect restorations in Indonesia is mostly imported. In fact, Indonesia is really rich of natural raw materials, including feldspar, silica, and kaolinite. The aim of this study is to synthesize the dental porcelain made from Indonesia’s two different originates, which are Pangaribuan and Sukabumi. This study was prepared by fritting and sintering the mixture of 65% wt feldspar (from Sukabumi and Pangaribuan), 25% wt silica, 5% wt kaolinite, and 5% wt potassium salt. The porcelains obtained were evaluated using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The results revealed that quartz and leucite were found in the composition of Pangaribuan sand that successfully showed more translucencies compared to Sukabumi sand which only imparted quartz on its component. This study shows that dental porcelain from Pangaribuan sand is successfully self-synthesized, on the other hand Sukabumi sand has not been successfully synthesized. These findings develop on a good prospect of esthetic dental porcelain made from Indonesian natural sand. ABSTRAKBahan porselen kedokteran gigi sebagai salah satu restorasi indirek estetik di Indonesia kebanyakan didatangkan dari luar negeri. Indonesia sebenarnya sangat kaya dengan bahan baku porselen kedokteran gigi seperti felspar, silika, dan kaolin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan sintesis porselen kedokteran gigi dari 2 jenis pasir alam Indonesia yaitu Pangaribuan dan Sukabumi. Komposisi yang digunakan yaitu 65% wt felspar, 25% wt silika, 5% wt kaolin, dan 5% wt garam kalium, dicampur kemudian dilakukan fritting serta sintering. Dua komposisi porselen dibuat dengan bahan dasar berbeda yaitu felspar dari Pangaribuan dan Sukabumi. Kedua porselen yang telah disintering kemudian dievaluasi menggunakan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Hasilnya adalah kuarsa dan leusit ditemukan pada porselen dengan komposisi pasir Pangaribuan yang juga memberikan hasil lebih translusen secara visual dibandingkan dengan porselen dengan komposisi pasir Sukabumi yang hanya memperlihatkan hasil kuarsa. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa porselen dengan komposisi bahan dasar pasir Pangaribuan berhasil disintesis dibandingkan komposisi bahan dasar pasir Sukabumi.Penemuan ini dapat memberikan peluang yang baik dalam pembuatan porselen kedokteran gigi yang berasal dari pasir alam Indonesia.

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Sustainability of agriculture extension services in the face of COVID-19: a study on gender-specific market systems

In the fourth industrial revolution, achieving sustainable agricultural development while feeding a growing world population and maintaining a balanced interrelationship between the economy, society, and the environment has been a significant challenge. However, COVID-19 disrupted agricultural extension and advisory systems, affecting all market participants. The complexity of the pandemic has impacted the private sector, public sector, extension staff, donor funding, education, and research systems, subsequently affecting human nutrition. This paper aims to expertly review COVID-19’s effects on the sustainability of gender-specific agricultural extension service systems. Demand and supply market stakeholders in the extension system are thematically discussed. The findings reveal various consequences of COVID-19 for market actors on both the demand and supply sides of the extension system. Private-sector players often support expansion directly or indirectly, with multi-sectorial support and funding strategies existing for sustainability. In many developing nations, the comprehensive extension system was disrupted by COVID-19, impacting household incomes and nutrition. The pandemic accelerated the adoption of digital technologies in many developing nations, transitioning from a centralized to a decentralized and pluralistic extension model. Multi-sector coordination and execution, especially from health and other sectors, are crucial in managing complex crises that disrupt the market system

Synoptic analysis of a decade of daily measurements of SO2 emission in the troposphere from volcanoes of the global ground-based Network for Observation of Volcanic and Atmospheric Change

Volcanic plumes are common and far-reaching manifestations of volcanic activity during and between eruptions. Observations of the rate of emission and composition of volcanic plumes are essential to recognize and, in some cases, predict the state of volcanic activity. Measurements of the size and location of the plumes are important to assess the impact of the emission from sporadic or localized events to persistent or widespread processes of climatic and environmental importance. These observations provide information on volatile budgets on Earth, chemical evolution of magmas, and atmospheric circulation and dynamics. Space-based observations during the last decades have given us a global view of Earth's volcanic emission, particularly of sulfur dioxide (SO2). Although none of the satellite missions were intended to be used for measurement of volcanic gas emission, specially adapted algorithms have produced time-averaged global emission budgets. These have confirmed that tropospheric plumes, produced from persistent degassing of weak sources, dominate the total emission of volcanic SO2. Although space-based observations have provided this global insight into some aspects of Earth's volcanism, it still has important limitations. The magnitude and short-term variability of lower-atmosphere emissions, historically less accessible from space, remain largely uncertain. Operational monitoring of volcanic plumes, at scales relevant for adequate surveillance, has been facilitated through the use of ground-based scanning differential optical absorption spectrometer (ScanDOAS) instruments since the beginning of this century, largely due to the coordinated effort of the Network for Observation of Volcanic and Atmospheric Change (NOVAC). In this study, we present a compilation of results of homogenized post-analysis of measurements of SO2 flux and plume parameters obtained during the period March 2005 to January 2017 of 32 volcanoes in NOVAC. This inventory opens a window into the short-term emission patterns of a diverse set of volcanoes in terms of magma composition, geographical location, magnitude of emission, and style of eruptive activity. We find that passive volcanic degassing is by no means a stationary process in time and that large sub-daily variability is observed in the flux of volcanic gases, which has implications for emission budgets produced using short-term, sporadic observations. The use of a standard evaluation method allows for intercomparison between different volcanoes and between ground- and space-based measurements of the same volcanoes. The emission of several weakly degassing volcanoes, undetected by satellites, is presented for the first time. We also compare our results with those reported in the literature, providing ranges of variability in emission not accessible in the past. The open-access data repository introduced in this article will enable further exploitation of this unique dataset, with a focus on volcanological research, risk assessment, satellite-sensor validation, and improved quantification of the prevalent tropospheric component of global volcanic emission