6 research outputs found
Fenoldopam Improves Corticomedullary Oxygen Delivery and Attenuates Angiogenesis Gene Expression in Acute Ischemic Renal Injury
- Author
- Andrew Shaw
- Aravindan N
- Ben-Yosef Y
- Bernhard Riedel
- Bodmann KF
- Brezis M
- Brienza N
- Chu VL
- Daniel C
- Dishart MK
- Gobe G
- Halpenny M
- Halpenny M
- Holder N
- Horn PT
- Humes HD
- Hunter DW
- Joshua Samuels
- Kien ND
- Koken T
- Liss P
- Mathur VS
- Miller Q
- Mitola S
- Murphy MB
- Natarajan Aravindan
- O'Connell DP
- Safi HJ
- Samuels J
- Shusterman NH
- Singer I
- Umrani DN
- Umrani DN
- Yamaguchi I
- Yamamoto T
- Publication venue
- 'S. Karger AG'
- Publication date
- Field of study
The social and cultural role of small Jewish literary centres – the case of Sighet, Romania
- Author
- Alfasi Yitzhak
- Apshan Hertsl
- Apshan Hertsl
- Bagish Zishe
- Basch Eliezer
- Ben-Menahem Naftali
- Berkowitz Israel
- Berman Art
- Bickel Shlomo
- Carmilly Moshe
- Carmilly Moshe
- Cohen Nathan
- Cohen Yitzchak Yosef
- Cox Harvey
- Etkes Immanuel
- Feiner Shmuel
- Fishman David E.
- Freehof Solomon B.
- Friesel Evyatr
- Gidó Attila
- Goldberg Haim
- Gottlieb Hirsh Leyb
- Greenwald Yekutiel Yehuda
- Gross Shlomo
- Harendorf Samuel Jacob
- Holder Yosef
- Katz Azriel
- Keren-Kratz Menachem
- Keren-Kratz Menachem
- Keren-Kratz Menachem
- Keren-Kratz Menachem
- Khasid Mordekhay
- Klausner Israel
- Komoróczy Szonja Ráhel
- Korn Yitzhak
- Lowenstein Steven M.
- Malmud Haim
- Mark Natan
- Mark Natan
- Menachem Keren-Kratz
- Middleton Tim
- Niger Shmuel
- Pinsker Shachar M.
- Prager Leonard
- Prager Leonard
- Reyzen Zalman
- Reyzen Zalman
- Ring Yekhazkel
- Ring Yekhazkel
- Rubin Israel
- Schnabel Berl
- Schnabel Berl
- Schwartz Yulian
- Schön David
- Serafin Steven
- Shaked Gershon
- Shavit Zohar
- Shekhter Mordekhay
- Sheppard Richard
- Sivan Emmanuel
- Sorkin David
- Tambur Volf
- Tambur Volf
- Tambur Volf
- Tambur Volf
- Tambur Volf
- Trakhtenberg Yosef
- Zalkin Mordechai
- Publication venue
- 'Informa UK Limited'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Medical Sequencing at the Extremes of Human Body Mass
- Author
- Aberle
- Ahituv
- Anna Ustaszewska
- Argyropoulos
- Argyropoulos
- Asnicar
- Azuma
- Baessler
- Baker
- Banerjee
- Baran Ersoy
- Barnes
- Bell
- Benjamini
- Berthier
- Biebermann
- Boey
- Bordone
- Boucher
- Bray
- Butler
- Cargill
- Cassell
- Chagnon
- Challis
- Challis
- Chen
- Chen
- Christian Vaisse
- Clapham
- Cohen
- Cohen
- Comuzzie
- Conneely
- Coudreau
- Damcott
- Damcott
- del Giudice
- del Giudice
- Dobner
- Dranoff
- Draper
- Echwald
- Elosua
- Engert
- Erickson
- Esterbauer
- Eytan Ruppin
- Faivre
- Fanelli
- Filippi
- Flier
- French
- Friedman
- Fumeron
- Gelernter-Yaniv
- Geller
- Gollob
- Gong
- Good
- Gregory Kryukov
- Gu
- Guerardel
- Haemmerle
- Halsall
- Halushka
- Hamid
- Hanada
- Harp
- Heather Doelle
- Hedlund
- Heid
- Herbert
- Hinney
- Hinney
- Hinney
- Hoffstedt
- Holder
- Homanics
- Hotamisligil
- Hu
- Huang
- Humbles
- Hung
- Hung
- Hung
- Huszar
- Ishii
- Jenkinson
- Jiang
- Joel Martin
- Jonathan Cohen
- Karvonen
- Karvonen
- Keith
- Kelly
- Kerr
- Kim
- Kimm
- Klebig
- Korbonits
- Kotelevtsev
- Krude
- Kubaszek
- Kublaoui
- Kuczmarski
- Kushi
- Lacourse
- Lanouette
- Lanouette
- Lavebratt
- Le Stunff
- Leabman
- Lee
- Lee
- Len A. Pennacchio
- Li
- Lin
- Lindholm
- Liu
- Lowell
- Lubrano-Berthelier
- Lubrano-Berthelier
- Lubrano-Berthelier
- Ludwig
- Ma
- Maeda
- Mammes
- Marks
- Marsh
- Masuzaki
- Mattevi
- McCarthy
- Menzaghi
- Michaud
- Miller
- Mitchell
- Miyasaka
- Montague
- Muller
- Nadav Ahituv
- Naveilhan
- Nihan Kavaslar
- Nir Yosef
- Nishigori
- Ogawa
- Ohki-Hamazaki
- Oksanen
- Ollmann
- Oshima
- Otabe
- Otabe
- Pennacchio
- Perusse
- Pooley
- Qian
- Ramensky
- Ridderstrale
- Robert Dent
- Roded Sharan
- Rosmond
- Rosmond
- Roth
- Rutanen
- Ruth McPherson
- Santoro
- Schalin-Jantti
- Sentinelli
- Shamil Sunyaev
- Smith
- Sookoian
- St-Pierre
- Steffen Schmidt
- Stephens
- Stone
- Stumvoll
- Sun
- Sun
- Sun
- Sutton
- Suviolahti
- Sybil Hébert
- Tecott
- Torekov
- Ueno
- Ukkola
- Ukkola
- Ukkola
- Ukkola
- Ukkola
- Uusitupa
- Vaisse
- Vaisse
- van der Lende
- Vimaleswaran
- Viollet
- Voisey
- Wallenius
- Wang
- Wendy Schackwitz
- Wernstedt
- Yamada
- Yanagisawa
- Yang
- Yaswen
- Yeo
- Zhang
- Publication venue
- American Society of Human Genetics
- Publication date
- 01/09/2006
- Field of study
Body weight is a quantitative trait with significant heritability in humans. To identify potential genetic contributors to this phenotype, we resequenced the coding exons and splice junctions of 58 genes in 379 obese and 378 lean individuals. Our 96-Mb survey included 21 genes associated with monogenic forms of obesity in humans or mice, as well as 37 genes that function in body weight–related pathways. We found that the monogenic obesity–associated gene group was enriched for rare nonsynonymous variants unique to the obese population compared with the lean population. In addition, computational analysis predicted a greater fraction of deleterious variants within the obese cohort. Together, these data suggest that multiple rare alleles contribute to obesity in the population and provide a medical sequencing-based approach to detect them
Medical Sequencing at the Extremes of Human Body Mass
- Author
- Aberle
- Ahituv
- Anna Ustaszewska
- Argyropoulos
- Argyropoulos
- Asnicar
- Azuma
- Baessler
- Baker
- Banerjee
- Baran Ersoy
- Barnes
- Bell
- Benjamini
- Berthier
- Biebermann
- Boey
- Bordone
- Boucher
- Bray
- Butler
- Cargill
- Cassell
- Chagnon
- Challis
- Challis
- Chen
- Chen
- Christian Vaisse
- Clapham
- Cohen
- Cohen
- Comuzzie
- Conneely
- Coudreau
- Damcott
- Damcott
- del Giudice
- del Giudice
- Dobner
- Dranoff
- Draper
- Echwald
- Elosua
- Engert
- Erickson
- Esterbauer
- Eytan Ruppin
- Faivre
- Fanelli
- Filippi
- Flier
- French
- Friedman
- Fumeron
- Gelernter-Yaniv
- Geller
- Gollob
- Gong
- Good
- Gregory Kryukov
- Gu
- Guerardel
- Haemmerle
- Halsall
- Halushka
- Hamid
- Hanada
- Harp
- Heather Doelle
- Hedlund
- Heid
- Herbert
- Hinney
- Hinney
- Hinney
- Hoffstedt
- Holder
- Homanics
- Hotamisligil
- Hu
- Huang
- Humbles
- Hung
- Hung
- Hung
- Huszar
- Ishii
- Jenkinson
- Jiang
- Joel Martin
- Jonathan Cohen
- Karvonen
- Karvonen
- Keith
- Kelly
- Kerr
- Kim
- Kimm
- Klebig
- Korbonits
- Kotelevtsev
- Krude
- Kubaszek
- Kublaoui
- Kuczmarski
- Kushi
- Lacourse
- Lanouette
- Lanouette
- Lavebratt
- Le Stunff
- Leabman
- Lee
- Lee
- Len A. Pennacchio
- Li
- Lin
- Lindholm
- Liu
- Lowell
- Lubrano-Berthelier
- Lubrano-Berthelier
- Lubrano-Berthelier
- Ludwig
- Ma
- Maeda
- Mammes
- Marks
- Marsh
- Masuzaki
- Mattevi
- McCarthy
- Menzaghi
- Michaud
- Miller
- Mitchell
- Miyasaka
- Montague
- Muller
- Nadav Ahituv
- Naveilhan
- Nihan Kavaslar
- Nir Yosef
- Nishigori
- Ogawa
- Ohki-Hamazaki
- Oksanen
- Ollmann
- Oshima
- Otabe
- Otabe
- Pennacchio
- Perusse
- Pooley
- Qian
- Ramensky
- Ridderstrale
- Robert Dent
- Roded Sharan
- Rosmond
- Rosmond
- Roth
- Rutanen
- Ruth McPherson
- Santoro
- Schalin-Jantti
- Sentinelli
- Shamil Sunyaev
- Smith
- Sookoian
- St-Pierre
- Steffen Schmidt
- Stephens
- Stone
- Stumvoll
- Sun
- Sun
- Sun
- Sutton
- Suviolahti
- Sybil Hébert
- Tecott
- Torekov
- Ueno
- Ukkola
- Ukkola
- Ukkola
- Ukkola
- Ukkola
- Uusitupa
- Vaisse
- Vaisse
- van der Lende
- Vimaleswaran
- Viollet
- Voisey
- Wallenius
- Wang
- Wendy Schackwitz
- Wernstedt
- Yamada
- Yanagisawa
- Yang
- Yaswen
- Yeo
- Zhang
- Publication venue
- 'University of Chicago Press'
- Publication date
- Field of study
SEXUAL SELECTION, HONEST ADVERTISEMENT AND THE HANDICAP PRINCIPLE: REVIEWING THE EVIDENCE
- Author
- Alatalo
- Alatalo
- Alatalo
- Alatalo
- Anderson
- Anderson
- Andersson
- Andersson
- Andersson
- Arak
- Bailey
- Baker
- Baker
- Bakker
- Balmford
- Balmford
- Basolo
- Basolo
- Basolo
- Bennet-Clark
- Berglund
- Berven
- Birkhead
- Bisazza
- Bischoff
- Boake
- Borgia
- Borgia
- Borgia
- Borgia
- Borgia
- Borgia
- Borgia
- Borgia
- Borgia
- Bourne
- Bourne
- Boyce
- Bradbury
- Brandon
- Breed
- Breed
- Brodsky
- Brown
- Bucher
- Buchholz
- Burian
- Burian
- Burk
- Burkhardt
- Burkhardt
- Burley
- Burley
- Burley
- Burley
- Cade
- Carranza
- Catchpole
- Charlesworth
- Cherry
- Cherry
- Clark
- Clayton
- Clayton
- Clutton-Brock
- Clutton-Brock
- Cole
- Collins
- Conner
- Crankshaw
- Crocker
- Côte
- Dale
- Dale
- Dawkins
- Deecaraman
- Dick
- Dick
- Doherty
- Downhower
- Downhower
- Drickamer
- Dunham
- Dussourd
- Dussourd
- Dussourd
- Dyson
- Eens
- Elwood
- Emlen
- Endler
- Endler
- Endler
- Enquist
- Enstrom
- Evans
- Evans
- Ewing
- Fairchild
- Farr
- Fisher
- Fisher
- Fleishman
- Folstad
- Forester
- Forrest
- Frischknecht
- Fritzsch
- Gerhardt
- Gibson
- Gibson
- Gibson
- Gibson
- Goransson
- Gottlander
- Gould
- Grafen
- Grafen
- Grant
- Grant
- Grant
- Graves
- Green
- Greig-Smith
- Gwynne
- Gwynne
- Gwynne
- Gwynne
- Gwynne
- Gwynne
- Gwynne
- Haas
- Haas
- Halliday
- Hamilton
- Harvey
- Harvey
- Hasson
- Hasson
- Hasson
- Hatziolos
- Hausfater
- Hedrick
- Hedrick
- Hert
- Heywood
- Hidalgo
- Hiebert
- Hill
- Hill
- Hillgarth
- Hoelzer
- Holder
- Holmberg
- Houde
- Houde
- Houde
- Houtman
- Huck
- Hughes
- Hughes
- Hunte
- Höglund
- Iwasa
- Jarvi
- Jennions
- Johnson
- Johnson
- Johnson
- Johnson
- Johnstone
- Jones
- Jones
- Jones
- Jones
- Jones
- Jormalainen
- Järvi
- Järvi
- Keenleyside
- Kempenaers
- Kennedy
- Kirkpatrick
- Kirkpatrick
- Kirkpatrick
- Klump
- Kodric-Brown
- Kodric-Brown
- Kodric-Brown
- Kodric-Brown
- Kodric-Brown
- Kodric-Brown
- Kodric-Brown
- Koubek
- Lande
- Latimer
- Latimer
- Lennington
- Lifjeld
- Lifjeld
- Ligon
- Loffredo
- Loiselle
- Long
- Lopez
- Losey
- Lykens
- Manning
- Manning
- Manning
- Manning
- Manning
- Martel
- Maynard Smith
- Maynard Smith
- Maynard Smith
- Maynard Smith
- Mbller
- McComb
- McGregor
- McKaye
- McLennan
- McLennan
- McLennan
- McMinn
- Meyer
- Milinski
- Mitchell
- Moore
- Moore
- Moore
- Morris
- Muma
- Myrberg
- Møller
- Møller
- Møller
- Møller
- Møller
- Møller
- Møller
- Møller
- Møller
- Møller
- Møller
- Møller
- Møller
- Møller
- Møller
- Møller
- Møller
- Møller
- Møller
- Nicoletto
- Nicoletto
- Noonan
- Norris
- Norris
- Norris
- Nottebohm
- Nur
- Palokangas
- Partridge
- Passmore
- Payne
- Peschke
- Petrie
- Petrie
- Petrie
- Petrie
- Phelan
- Pomiankowski
- Pomiankowski
- Pomiankowski
- Price
- Price
- Proctor
- Proctor
- Pruett-Jones
- Radesater
- Read
- Reeve
- Reid
- Reynolds
- Reynolds
- Reynolds
- Richner
- Robertson
- Robertson
- Rosenqvist
- Rothstein
- Rowland
- Rowland
- Rutowski
- Rutowski
- Rutowski
- Ryan
- Ryan
- Ryan
- Ryan
- Ryan
- Ryan
- Ryan
- Ryan
- Ryan
- Ryan
- Røskaft
- Sakaluk
- Sargent
- Schluter
- Schmale
- Searcy
- Searcy
- Searcy
- Semler
- Sheldon
- Shuster
- Simmons
- Simmons
- Simmons
- Simmons
- Slagsvold
- Smith
- Sober
- Spurrier
- Stearns
- Steel
- Stevens
- Sullivan
- Sullivan
- Sullivan
- Svensson
- Taigen
- Taylor
- Taylor
- Thomas
- Thompson
- Thompson
- Thornhill
- Thornhill
- Thornhill
- Thornhill
- Thornhill
- Thornhill
- Thornhill
- Trivers
- Tuckerman
- Tuttle
- Vane-Wright
- Verrel
- Von Schantz
- Ward
- Warner
- Watt
- Wedekind
- Weidmann
- West
- Wilbur
- Wiley
- Williams
- Winquist
- Wittzell
- Woodward
- Woodward
- Woodward
- Yokel
- Yosef
- Zahavi
- Zahavi
- Zahavi
- Zahavi
- Zahavi
- Zeh
- Zuk
- Zuk
- Zuk
- Zuk
- Zuk
- Zuk
- Zuk
- Zuk
- Publication venue
- 'Wiley'
- Publication date
- Field of study
A review of archival auditing research
- Author
- Abbott
- Abbott
- Abbott
- Abbott
- Abbott
- Abbott
- Abbott
- Abbott
- American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA)
- Anderson
- Antle
- Archambeault
- Armstrong
- Ashbaugh
- Ashbaugh-Skaife
- Ashbaugh-Skaife
- Ashbaugh-Skaife
- Bagnoli
- Ball
- Ball
- Ball
- Balsam
- Balvers
- Bame-Aldred
- Bandyopadhyay
- Bandyopadhyay
- Banker
- Bar-Yosef
- Bargeron
- Barton
- Bartov
- Basioudis
- Basu
- Beasley
- Beasley
- Beasley
- Beasley
- Beatty
- Beatty
- Beck
- Becker
- Bedard
- Bedard
- Behn
- Behn
- Bell
- Bell
- Beneish
- Beyer
- Blacconiere
- Blackwell
- Blankley
- Blay
- Blokdijk
- Blokdijk
- Blouin
- Bockus
- Bonner
- Boone
- Bradshaw
- Brandon
- Bratten
- Brochet
- Bronson
- Buijink
- Burks
- Butler
- Cahan
- Cahan
- Cahan
- Cahan
- Cairney
- Callaghan
- Caplan
- Caramanis
- Carcello
- Carcello
- Carcello
- Carcello
- Carcello
- Carcello
- Carcello
- Carcello
- Carcello
- Carey
- Carson
- Carson
- Carson
- Carter
- Caskey
- Cassell
- Cassell
- Casterella
- Casterella
- Casterella
- Chan
- Chan
- Chan
- Chan
- Chan
- Chan
- Chan
- Chaney
- Chaney
- Chaney
- Chang
- Chang
- Chen
- Chen
- Chen
- Chen
- Chen
- Chen
- Chen
- Cheng
- Chewning
- Chi
- Chin
- Choi
- Choi
- Choi
- Choi
- Choi
- Choi
- Chow
- Chung
- Clarkson
- Cochran
- Cohen
- Cohen
- Cohen
- Cook
- Copley
- Copley
- Core
- Costello
- Craswell
- Craswell
- Craswell
- Dao
- Daugherty
- Davidson
- Davis
- De George
- DeAngelo
- Dechow
- Dechow.
- Dechow.
- Dee
- DeFond
- DeFond
- DeFond
- DeFond
- DeFond
- DeFond
- DeFond
- DeFond
- DeFond
- DeFond
- DeFond
- DeFond
- DeFranco
- Deis
- Deis
- Deng
- Desai
- Dhaliwal
- Dhaliwal
- Dhaliwal
- Dietrich
- Dodd
- Doogar
- Doogar
- Dopuch
- Dopuch
- Dopuch
- Doyle
- Doyle
- Dunn
- Dye
- Dye
- Dye
- Eichenseher
- Elder
- Elitzur
- Elliott
- Engel
- Engel
- Engel
- Erickson
- Ettredge
- Ettredge
- Fan
- Farber
- Fargher
- Farrell
- Feldmann
- Felix
- Felix
- Feng
- Ferguson
- Ferguson
- Ferguson
- Firth
- Firth
- Firth
- Fortin
- Francis
- Francis
- Francis
- Francis
- Francis
- Francis
- Francis
- Francis
- Francis
- Francis
- Francis
- Francis
- Francis
- Francis
- Francis
- Francis
- Francis
- Frankel
- Frost
- Fung
- Gao
- Gao
- Gassen
- Gaver
- Geiger
- Geiger
- Geiger
- Geiger
- Geiger
- Geiger
- Gendron
- Ghicas
- Ghosh
- Ghosh
- Ghosh
- Gibbins
- Gleason
- Godfrey
- Goh
- Goh
- Gramling
- Gramling
- Grein
- Griffin
- Guedhami
- Guedhami
- Gul
- Gul
- Gul
- Gul
- Gul
- Gul
- Gul
- Hackenbrack
- Hackenbrack
- Hackenbrack
- Hammersley
- Hansen
- Hansen
- Hay
- Heninger
- Hennes
- Hermalin
- Hermanson
- Higgs
- Hilary
- Hillegeist
- Hirst
- Hoag
- Hochberg
- Hogan
- Hogan
- Hogan
- Hogan
- Hoitash
- Hoitash
- Hoitash
- Holder-Webb
- Hope
- Hopwood
- Huang
- Huang
- Huang
- Ireland
- Jain
- Jamal
- Jensen
- Jieying Zhang
- Joe
- Johnson
- Johnson
- Johnstone
- Johnstone
- Johnstone
- Johnstone
- Jones
- Kanagaretnam
- Kang
- Kanodia
- Kaplan
- Karamanou
- Karolyi
- Kausar
- Kealey
- Kedia
- Keune
- Khalil
- Khurana
- Khurana
- Kim
- Kim
- Kim
- Kim
- Kinney
- Kinney
- Kinney
- Kinney
- Klein
- Klein
- Knechel
- Knechel
- Knechel
- Knechel
- Knechel
- Knechel
- Knechel
- Koh
- Kohlbeck
- Kornish
- Kothari
- Krishnamurthy
- Krishnan
- Krishnan
- Krishnan
- Krishnan
- Krishnan
- Krishnan
- Krishnan
- Krishnan
- Krishnan
- Krishnan
- Krishnan
- Krishnan
- Krishnan
- Kwon
- Landsman
- Larcker
- Larcker
- Laux
- Lawrence
- Lee
- Lee
- Lee
- Lee
- Legoria
- Lennox
- Lennox
- Lennox
- Lennox
- Lennox
- Lennox
- Lennox
- Lennox
- Lennox
- Leone
- Leuz
- Leuz
- Li
- Li
- Li
- Lim
- Lin
- Linck
- Litvak
- Liu
- Liu
- Liu
- Livne
- Louis
- Louwers
- Louwers
- Lu
- Lu
- Lu
- Lyon
- Lys
- Magee
- Magnan
- Manry
- Mansi
- Mark DeFond
- Masli
- Mautz
- Mayhew
- McConomy
- Melumad
- Melumad
- Menon
- Menon
- Menon
- Menon
- Menon
- Messier
- Messier
- Michas
- Minnis
- Minutti-Meza
- Mishra
- Mittendorf
- Morgan
- Moser
- Munsif
- Munsif
- Mutchler
- Mutchler
- Myers
- Naiker
- Naiker
- Narayanan
- Neal
- Nelson
- Nelson
- Newman
- Newman
- Newman
- Newton
- Nichols
- Numan
- Ogneva
- Ogneva
- Omer
- O’Dwy
- O’Keefe
- Pae
- Palmrose
- Palmrose
- Patatoukas
- Paterson
- Patterson
- Patterson
- Payne
- Pearson
- Peltzman
- Petroni
- Petrovits
- Pincus
- Piotroski
- Pittman
- Pong
- Power
- Power
- Prawitt
- Prawitt
- Protiviti
- Radhakrishnan
- Raghunandan
- Raghunandan
- Raghunandan
- Raghunandan
- Raghunandan
- Reichelt
- Reynolds
- Reynolds
- Rice
- Robinson
- Ruddock
- Rudolph
- Ruiz-Barbadillo
- Saito
- Salterio
- Sankaraguruswamy
- Schelleman
- Schmidt
- Schulte
- Schwartz
- Schwartz
- Schwartz
- Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
- Seetharaman
- Shu
- Simnett
- Simon
- Simunic
- Simunic
- Simunic
- Skinner
- Smith
- Smith
- Smith
- Srinidhi
- Srinivasan
- St. Pierre
- Stice
- Stigler
- Subramanyam
- Sullivan
- Sullivan
- Taffler
- Teoh
- Thoman
- Trompeter
- US Senate
- Vafeas
- Venkataraman
- Vermeer
- Vermeer
- Walker
- Wang
- Wang
- Watts
- Watts
- Weber
- Weber
- Wells
- Whisenant
- Whisenant
- Willenborg
- Willenborg
- Wu
- Xie
- Ye
- Yim
- Yu
- Zang
- Zerni
- Zhang
- Zhang
- Zhang
- Zhang
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- Field of study